term labour
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2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3310-3311
Author(s):  
Maryam Shoaib ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Tareen ◽  
Samia Saifullah ◽  
Fahmida Umar

Background: Migraine is defined as a condition accompanied with head ache, nausea, visual and sound sensitivity. Objective: To determine the effect of migraine on maternal and neonatal health. Study Design: Case control study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta from 1st August 2018 to 31st August 2021. Methodology: One hundred pregnant women divided into migraine and non-migraine groups were enrolled. Both groups were assessed for their sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical status. Their information was documented. Results: Group I females were above 36 years of age and were in their first trimester. There were 56% women who did not presented visual aura. More irritability, pre-term labour and preeclampsia, risk of C section and hypertension was noticed in group I than Group II. Conclusion: Migraine is linked with higher risk of hypertension, preeclampsia, C section and low birth weight new born. Key words: Migraine, Pregnancy, Low birth weight


Author(s):  
Swati Kashyap ◽  
Dilpreet K. Pandher ◽  
Alka Sehgal ◽  
Suksham Jain

Background: This study analyzed the clinical outcomes in the obstetric patients with COVID-19 and their neonates in first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in North India, 2020.Methods: This prospective study was conducted between 10 May 2020 to 31 December 2020 on 83 obstetric patients with COVID-19 and their 52 neonates.Results: 36.14% obstetric patients presented with COVID-19 like symptoms with most common symptom as fever in 60% and cough in 53.33%. 4.81% patients were admitted in HDU and 1/83 (1.20%) patient who required ICU had mortality due post-operative complications. 20.48% had pre-existing medical diseases. Amongst (78) antenatal patients, 21.79% had pregnancy related hypertensive disorders, 12.82% had deranged liver function tests without hypertension and 8.97% had gestational diabetes mellitus. More probability of pre-term labour pains 2.4 (95% CI, 1.37-4.18) and IUFD 2.18 (1.13-4.20) were observed in symptomatic patients as compared to asymptomatic patients. Neonates born to COVID-19 symptomatic mothers had 1.81 (95% CI, 0.73-4.49) times the risk of being symptomatic, 1.37 (95% CI, 0.54-3.41) times the risk of getting admitted to NICU and 1.57 (95% CI, 0.48-5.09) times the risk of getting infected by SARS-CoV-2 and increased morbidity in neonates. 8% neonates had perinatal and 1.5% had horizontal transmission of SARS-CoV-2.Conclusions: First wave of COVID-19 pandemic did not cause significant adverse outcome in pregnant patients and mother-newborn dyads in our tertiary care centre when active and intensive management of mothers and newborns were done but still there is possibility of severe morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. 


Author(s):  
Olga Koropets ◽  
Marina Chudinovskikh

The article presents the results of a study conducted on the territory of the Russian Federation in 2021. 772 respondents took part in the survey: 378 women and 394 men aged 18 to 69 years, the group of economically active population — employed. The study is interdisciplinary in nature, its purpose is to identify the impact of the legal aspects on the well-being of employees in the conditions of non-guaranteed employment in Industry 4.0. Non-guaranteed forms of employment include work on a basis of the term labour contract and without registration of labor relations. The study allowed us to diagnose a high level of non-guaranteed employment, within the sample only about 70 % work on the terms of an indefinite contract. Respondents with non-guaranteed forms of employment are less satisfied with their income, professional status, and the possibility of obtaining a loan. According to the results of the study, the risks of reducing the level of social security and well-being in conditions of non-guaranteed employment were diagnosed.


2021 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
Joshi Godawari ◽  
Joshi S.C ◽  
Khanna Mehak

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains an important worldwide cause of chronic liver disease, which may lead to the development of cirrhosis. Prevalence of Hepatitis B in pregnant women worldwide is 02.5 to 1.5% whereas in India it is 0.2 to 7.7%. Method :This prospective study was conducted between January, 2018 to September, 2019 total 100 patient included in the study. Result : Total 7650 Pregnant patient was screened and 100 came out to the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) positive. It was observed that HBV most common in 21 to 25 Age group (55.0%) and it was more common in Multigravida (61%) and more common in women who studied upto Class 10 (34%) and more common in Urban population. Pre term labour was found to be the most common complication (17%). In Neonatal out come 41% was low birth weight. Maternal mortality was 1% and neonatal mortality was 7%. Conclusion : Pregnant women who are HBs Ag positive are mostly asymptomatic. Universal screening of antenatal cases and immunization with hepatitis B vaccine of the community is denitely going to reduce the disease prevalence in future.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256545
Author(s):  
Natasha Singh ◽  
Bronwen Herbert ◽  
Garvin Sooranna ◽  
Nishel M. Shah ◽  
Ananya Das ◽  
...  

Inflammation is thought to play a pivotal role in the onset of term and some forms of preterm labour. Although, we recently found that myometrial inflammation is a consequence rather than a cause of term labour, there are several other reproductive tissues, including amnion, choriodecidua parietalis and decidua basalis, where the inflammatory stimulus to labour may occur. To investigate this, we have obtained amnion, choriodecidual parietalis and decidua basalis samples from women at various stages of pregnancy and spontaneous labour. The inflammatory cytokine profile in each tissue was determine by Bio-Plex Pro® cytokine multiplex assays and quantitative RT-PCR. Active motif assay was used to study transcription activation in the choriodecidua parietalis. Quantitative RT-PCR was use to study the pro-labour genes (PGHS-2, PGDH, OTR and CX43) in all of the tissues at the onset of labour and oxytocin (OT) mRNA expression in the choriodecidual parietalis and decidua basalis. Statistical significance was ascribed to a P value <0.05. In the amnion and choriodecidua parietalis, the mRNA levels of various cytokines decreased from preterm no labour to term no labour samples, but the protein levels were unchanged. The choriodecidua parietalis showed increase in the protein levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the term early labour samples. In the amnion and decidua basalis, the protein levels of several cytokines rose in term established labour. The multiples of the median derived from the 19-plex cytokine assay were greater in term early labour and term established labour samples from the choriodecidua parietalis, but only in term established labour for myometrium. These data suggest that the inflammatory stimulus to labour may begin in the choriodecidua parietalis, but the absence of any change in prolabour factor mRNA levels suggests that the cytokines may act on the myometrium where we observed changes in transcription factor activation and increases in prolabour gene expression in earlier studies.


Author(s):  
Durgavathi Kothapalli ◽  
Kameswari Kolluru

Background: Placenta previa is a condition in which placenta get implanted in the lower uterine segment or cervix, which is a major risk factor for postpartum haemorrhage and morbidity and mortality of the mother and neonate used to increase. Based on literature survey we have designed with an objective to study the risk factors for placenta previa and feto-maternal outcome in cases of placenta previa.Methods: Based on selection criteria 100 singleton deliveries with placenta previa that took place in the department of obstetrics from December 2017 to December 2020 were enrolled and there medical records were considered for analysis. From medical record details of patients like age, duration of gestation, parity, clinical presentation, details of current and previous pregnancy, history of warning bleeding and gestational age of diagnosis of placenta previa.Results: Regarding risk factor for placenta previa 48% patients have history of previous LSCS, 22% patients have history of previous abortions. Regarding anti partum complication bleeding PV was present in 24% patients, pre-term labour was present in 46% patients, PIH was present in 10% patients, and abnormal presentation was present in 14 % patients.Conclusions: From our study we can conclude that placenta previa is common in multiparous women in third decade of life and commonly detected at 36 weeks. Bleeding per vagina was most common clinical presentation and LCSC is common risk factor followed by history of previous abortions. Preterm labour was most common ante partum complication and bleeding per vagina comes next to it. Regarding neonatal outcome most of the neonate was normal without complications.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252720
Author(s):  
Angela Yulia ◽  
Natasha Singh ◽  
Alice J. Varley ◽  
Kaiyu Lei ◽  
Danijela Markovic ◽  
...  

Previously, we showed that cAMP increased COX-2 expression in myometrial cells via MAPK. Here, we have extended these observations, using primary myometrial cell cultures to show that the cAMP agonist, forskolin, enhances IL-1β-driven COX-2 expression. We then explored the role of A-kinase interacting protein (AKIP1), which modulates the effect of PKA on p65 activation. AKIP1 knockdown reversed the effect of forskolin, such that its addition inhibited IL-1β-induced COX-2 mRNA expression and reduced the IL-1β-induced increase in nuclear levels of p65 and c-jun. Forskolin alone and with IL-1β increased IκBα mRNA expression suggesting that in the context of inflammation and in the presence of AKIP1, cAMP enhances p65 activation. AKIP1 knockdown reversed these changes. Interestingly, AKIP1 knockdown had minimal effect on the ability of forskolin to repress either basal OTR expression or IL-1β-stimulated OTR mRNA expression. AKIP1 was up-regulated by IL-1β, but not stretch and was repressed by cAMP. The mRNA expression of AKIP1 increased in early labour in tandem with an increase in COX-2 mRNA and protein. AKIP1 protein levels were also increased with inflammation and stretch-induced preterm labour. Our results identify a second important cAMP effector-switch occurring at term in human myometrium and suggest that a hitherto unrecognized interaction may exist between AKIP1, NFκB and AP-1. These data add to the proposition that cAMP acts as a key regulator of human myometrial contractility.


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