Faculty Opinions recommendation of Pervasive defaunation of forest remnants in a tropical biodiversity hotspot.

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Dinerstein
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity ◽  
Forest Remnants

scholarly journals The erosion of biodiversity and biomass in the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato A. F. de Lima ◽  
Alexandre A. Oliveira ◽  
Gregory R. Pitta ◽  
André L. de Gasper ◽  
Alexander C. Vibrans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractTropical forests are being deforested worldwide, and the remaining fragments are suffering from biomass and biodiversity erosion. Quantifying this erosion is challenging because ground data on tropical biodiversity and biomass are often sparse. Here, we use an unprecedented dataset of 1819 field surveys covering the entire Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. We show that 83−85% of the surveys presented losses in forest biomass and tree species richness, functional traits, and conservation value. On average, forest fragments have 25−32% less biomass, 23−31% fewer species, and 33, 36, and 42% fewer individuals of late-successional, large-seeded, and endemic species, respectively. Biodiversity and biomass erosion are lower inside strictly protected conservation units, particularly in large ones. We estimate that biomass erosion across the Atlantic Forest remnants is equivalent to the loss of 55−70 thousand km2 of forests or US$2.3−2.6 billion in carbon credits. These figures have direct implications on mechanisms of climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals Pervasive Defaunation of Forest Remnants in a Tropical Biodiversity Hotspot

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e41671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo R. Canale ◽  
Carlos A. Peres ◽  
Carlos E. Guidorizzi ◽  
Cassiano A. Ferreira Gatto ◽  
Maria Cecília M. Kierulff
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity ◽  
Forest Remnants

scholarly journals The erosion of biodiversity and biomass in the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato A. F. Lima ◽  
Alexandre A. Oliveira ◽  
Gregory R. Pitta ◽  
André L. de Gasper ◽  
Alexander C. Vibrans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Change Mitigation

AbstractTropical forests are being deforested worldwide, and the remaining fragments are suffering from biomass and biodiversity erosion. Quantifying this erosion is challenging because ground data on tropical biodiversity and biomass are often sparse. Here, we use an unprecedented dataset of 1,819 field surveys covering the entire Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. We show that 83–85% of the surveys presented losses in forest biomass and tree species richness, functional traits and conservation value. On average, forest fragments had 25–32% less biomass, 23–31% fewer species, and 33%, 36% and 42% fewer individuals of late-successional, large-seeded and endemic species, respectively. Biodiversity and biomass erosion were both lower inside strictly protected conservation units, particularly in large ones. We estimate that biomass erosion across the Atlantic Forest remnants was equivalent to the loss of 55-70 thousand km2 of forests or US$2.3-2.6 billion in carbon credits. These figures have direct implications on mechanisms of climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals Predicting climate effects on aquatic true bugs in a tropical biodiversity hotspot

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
S. Sundar ◽  
Daniel Paiva Silva ◽  
Fabio de Oliveira Roque ◽  
Juliana Simião-Ferreira ◽  
Jani Heino
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Climate Effects ◽  
True Bugs ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity

scholarly journals Is the “Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco” a biodiversity hotspot for orchid bees?

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (3 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S078-S092 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Nemésio ◽  
JE Santos Junior
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Orchid Bees ◽  
Orchid Bee ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
First Time ◽  
Forest Preserve

The orchid-bee faunas (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) of the three largest forest remnants in the “Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco”, northeastern Brazil, namely Estação Ecológica de Murici (ESEC Murici), RPPN Frei Caneca, and a forest preserve belonging to Usina Serra Grande, in the states of Alagoas and Pernambuco, were surveyed using seventeen different scents as baits to attract orchid-bee males. Eight sites were established in the three preserves, where samplings were carried out using two protocols: insect netting and bait trapping. We collected 3,479 orchid-bee males belonging to 29 species during 160 hours in early October, 2012. Seven species were collected in the “Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco” for the first time. Richness proved to be one of the highest of the entire Atlantic Forest domain, and diversity in some sites, especially at ESEC Murici, revealed to be one of the highest in the Neotropics. Eulaema felipei Nemésio, 2010, a species previously recorded only at ESEC Murici, was found in no other preserve in the region and its conservation status is discussed.

scholarly journals Endemic trees in a tropical biodiversity hotspot imperilled by an invasive tree

2018 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Bellingham ◽  
Edmund V.J. Tanner ◽  
Patrick H. Martin ◽  
John R. Healey ◽  
Olivia R. Burge
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity ◽  
Invasive Tree

scholarly journals Species richness in a tropical biodiversity hotspot

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2043-2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne M. Robertson ◽  
Lauren M. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity

Beta diversity of orchid bees in a tropical biodiversity hotspot

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1647-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Nemésio ◽  
Heraldo L. Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Orchid Bees ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity

scholarly journals The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 370 (6522) ◽  
pp. 1343-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Harvey ◽  
Gustavo A. Bravo ◽  
Santiago Claramunt ◽  
Andrés M. Cuervo ◽  
Graham E. Derryberry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Tropical Biodiversity ◽  
Environmental Extremes ◽  
Speciation Rates ◽  
Gradual Accumulation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Over Time

The tropics are the source of most biodiversity yet inadequate sampling obscures answers to fundamental questions about how this diversity evolves. We leveraged samples assembled over decades of fieldwork to study diversification of the largest tropical bird radiation, the suboscine passerines. Our phylogeny, estimated using data from 2389 genomic regions in 1940 individuals of 1287 species, reveals that peak suboscine species diversity in the Neotropics is not associated with high recent speciation rates but rather with the gradual accumulation of species over time. Paradoxically, the highest speciation rates are in lineages from regions with low species diversity, which are generally cold, dry, unstable environments. Our results reveal a model in which species are forming faster in environmental extremes but have accumulated in moderate environments to form tropical biodiversity hotspots.

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