Faculty Opinions recommendation of Effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation on resting state brain activity in patients with bilateral vestibulopathy.

A significant problem in brain–computer interface (BCI) research is decoding — obtaining required information from very weak noisy electroencephalograph signals and extracting considerable information from limited data. Traditional intention decoding methods, which obtain information from induced or spontaneous brain activity, have shortcomings in terms of performance, computational expense and usage burden. Here, a new methodology called prediction error decoding was used for motor imagery (MI) detection and compared with direct intention decoding. Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) was used to induce subliminal sensory feedback between the forehead and mastoids without any burden. Prediction errors were generated between the GVS-induced sensory feedback and the MI direction. The corresponding prediction error decoding of the front/back MI task was validated. A test decoding accuracy of 77.83–78.86% (median) was achieved during GVS for every 100[Formula: see text]ms interval. A nonzero weight parameter-based channel screening (WPS) method was proposed to select channels individually and commonly during GVS. When the WPS common-selected mode was compared with the WPS individual-selected mode and a classical channel selection method based on correlation coefficients (CCS), a satisfactory decoding performance of the selected channels was observed. The results indicated the positive impact of measuring common specific channels of the BCI.

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Noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation improves body balance in healthy adults and patients with bilateral vestibulopathy

Journal of the Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1201 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 405 ◽

pp. 215

Author(s):

C. Fujimoto ◽

M. Kinoshita ◽

M. Yagi ◽

T. Yamasoba ◽

S. Iwasaki

Keyword(s):

Vestibular Stimulation ◽

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Bilateral Vestibulopathy ◽

Body Balance

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FV1 Brain responsivity to galvanic vestibular stimulation in bilateral vestibulopathy

Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 131 (4) ◽

pp. e224

Author(s):

P. Rother ◽

P. Spliethoff ◽

A. Sprenger ◽

C. Helmchen

Keyword(s):

Vestibular Stimulation ◽

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽

Bilateral Vestibulopathy

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Cortical Effects of Noisy Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21041476 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 1476

Author(s):

Bulmaro A. Valdés ◽

Kim Lajoie ◽

Daniel S. Marigold ◽

Carlo Menon

Keyword(s):

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Vestibular Stimulation ◽

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽

Motion Artifacts ◽

Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Cognitive Behaviors ◽

Sham Stimulation

Noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) can improve different motor, sensory, and cognitive behaviors. However, it is unclear how this stimulation affects brain activity to facilitate these improvements. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is inexpensive, portable, and less prone to motion artifacts than other neuroimaging technology. Thus, fNIRS has the potential to provide insight into how nGVS affects cortical activity during a variety of natural behaviors. Here we sought to: (1) determine if fNIRS can detect cortical changes in oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated (HbR) hemoglobin with application of subthreshold nGVS, and (2) determine how subthreshold nGVS affects this fNIRS-derived hemodynamic response. A total of twelve healthy participants received nGVS and sham stimulation during a seated, resting-state paradigm. To determine whether nGVS altered activity in select cortical regions of interest (BA40, BA39), we compared differences between nGVS and sham HbO and HbR concentrations. We found a greater HbR response during nGVS compared to sham stimulation in left BA40, a region previously associated with vestibular processing, and with all left hemisphere channels combined (p < 0.05). We did not detect differences in HbO responses for any region during nGVS (p > 0.05). Our results suggest that fNIRS may be suitable for understanding the cortical effects of nGVS.

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