Faculty Opinions recommendation of Genetically increasing flux through β-oxidation in skeletal muscle increases mitochondrial reductive stress and glucose intolerance.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Louise Olson
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Reductive Stress

Reduced insulin receptor signaling in the obese spontaneously hypertensive Koletsky rat

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (5) ◽  
pp. E1014-E1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob E. Friedman ◽  
Tatsuya Ishizuka ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Craig J. Farrell ◽  
David Bedol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Regulatory Subunit ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

Insulin resistance is associated with both obesity and hypertension. However, the cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance in genetic models of obese-hypertension have not been identified. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of genetic obesity on a background of inherited hypertension on initial components of the insulin signal transduction pathway and glucose transport in skeletal muscle and liver. Oral glucose tolerance testing in SHROB demonstrated a sustained postchallenge elevation in plasma glucose at 180 and 240 min compared with lean spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) littermates, which is suggestive of glucose intolerance. Fasting plasma insulin levels were elevated 18-fold in SHROB. The rate of insulin-stimulated 3- O-methylglucose transport was reduced 68% in isolated epitrochlearis muscles from the SHROB compared with SHR. Insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor β-subunit and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) in intact skeletal muscle of SHROB was reduced by 36 and 23%, respectively, compared with SHR, due primarily to 32 and 60% decreases in insulin receptor and IRS-1 protein expression, respectively. The amounts of p85α regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and GLUT-4 protein were reduced by 28 and 25% in SHROB muscle compared with SHR. In the liver of SHROB, the effect of insulin on tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 was not changed, but insulin receptor phosphorylation was decreased by 41%, compared with SHR, due to a 30% reduction in insulin receptor levels. Our observations suggest that the leptin receptor mutation fak imposed on a hypertensive background results in extreme hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, and decreased expression of postreceptor insulin signaling proteins in skeletal muscle. Despite these changes, hypertension is not exacerbated in SHROB compared with SHR, suggesting these metabolic abnormalities may not contribute to hypertension in this model of Syndrome X.

Targeting skeletal muscle ceramides to alleviate glucose intolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Sarah Turpin-Nolan ◽  
Philipp Hammerschmidt ◽  
Weiyi Chen ◽  
Katharina Timper ◽  
Susanne Brodesser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Intolerance

Increased skeletal muscle Na/K-ratio in obese men, but not in women, with glucose intolerance

1989 ◽  
Vol 225 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. LANDIN ◽  
F. LINDGÄRDE ◽  
B. SALTIN ◽  
L. WILHELMSEN
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Intolerance

Naringin improves zidovudine- and stavudine-induced skeletal muscle complications in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
OO Adebiyi ◽  
OA Adebiyi ◽  
PMO Owira
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Carbonyl Protein

Chronic use of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in managing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been associated with several complications. Available management options for these complications have yielded controversial results, thus the need to urgently find newer alternatives. Naringin, a plant-derived flavonoid, has been shown to possess antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties which can be exploited in managing NRTI-induced complications. This study therefore investigated the effects of naringin on some NRTI-induced complications. Forty-nine rats (200–250 g) were divided into seven groups and were orally treated with stavudine (d4T)-only, d4T + naringin, d4T + vitamin E, zidovudine (AZT)-only, AZT + naringin, AZT + vitamin E, and distilled water, respectively. Drugs were administered once daily for 56 days, and oral glucose tolerance tests conducted on day 54 of the experiments and rats were thereafter sacrificed on day 56 by halothane overdose. Plasma samples and the left gastrocnemius muscles were stored at −80°C for further analysis. There was significant glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the skeletal muscles of AZT- or d4T-only–treated rats. Naringin, however, significantly reduced fasting blood glucose and fasting plasma insulin concentrations, mitigated glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance in addition to reducing malondialdehyde and carbonyl protein concentrations when coadministered with either NRTIs. Furthermore, naringin improved antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced skeletal muscle BCL-2-associated X protein expression, and improved B-cell lymphoma-2 protein expression compared to AZT- or d4T-only–treated rats. Naringin ameliorated AZT- and d4T-induced complications and therefore should be further investigated as a possible nutritional supplement in managing HIV infection.

Reduced Postprandial Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow Contributes to Glucose Intolerance in Human Obesity*

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1525-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAIN D. BARON ◽  
MARKKU LAAKSO ◽  
GINGER BRECHTEL ◽  
BRIAN HOIT ◽  
CONNIE WATT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Human Obesity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow

scholarly journals Reduced Skeletal Muscle Capillarization and Glucose Intolerance

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Prior ◽  
Michael J. Mckenzie ◽  
Lyndon J. Joseph ◽  
Frederick M. Ivey ◽  
Richard F. Macko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Intolerance

Aberrant insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation predicts glucose intolerance in the offspring of a diabetic mother

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (5) ◽  
pp. E901-E914 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thamotharan ◽  
Robert A. McKnight ◽  
Shanthie Thamotharan ◽  
Doris J. Kao ◽  
Sherin U. Devaskar
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Diabetic Mother ◽  
Nutrient Restriction ◽  
Ad Libitum

We examined the long-term effect of in utero exposure to streptozotocin-induced maternal diabetes on the progeny that postnatally received either ad libitum access to milk by being fed by control mothers (CM/DP) or were subjected to relative nutrient restriction by being fed by diabetic mothers (DM/DP) compared with the control progeny fed by control mothers (CM/CP). There was increased food intake, glucose intolerance, and obesity in the CM/DP group and diminished food intake, glucose tolerance, and postnatal growth restriction in the DM/DP group, persisting in the adult. These changes were associated with aberrations in hormonal and metabolic profiles and alterations in hypothalamic neuropeptide Y concentrations. By use of subfractionation and Western blot analysis techniques, the CM/DP group demonstrated a higher skeletal muscle sarcolemma-associated ( days 1 and 60) and white adipose tissue plasma membrane-associated ( day 60) GLUT4 in the basal state with a lack of insulin-induced translocation. The DM/DP group demonstrated a partial amelioration of this change observed in the CM/DP group. We conclude that the offspring of a diabetic mother with ad libitum postnatal nutrition demonstrates increased food intake and resistance to insulin-induced translocation of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue. This in turn leads to glucose intolerance and obesity at a later stage ( day 180). Postnatal nutrient restriction results in reversal of this adult phenotype, thereby explaining the phenotypic heterogeneity that exists in this population.

scholarly journals Induced Cre‐mediated knockdown of Brca1 in skeletal muscle reduces mitochondrial respiration and prevents glucose intolerance in adult mice on a high‐fat diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 3070-3084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn C. Jackson ◽  
Michael D. Tarpey ◽  
Ana P. Valencia ◽  
Melissa R. Iñigo ◽  
Stephen J. Pratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adult Mice
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