scholarly journals Tax-benefit systems, income distribution and work incentives in the European Union

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xavier Jara ◽  
Alberto Tumino
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Work Incentives ◽  
The European Union

scholarly journals Income distribution and poverty as obstacles to the recovery of the crisis in the european Union

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-158
Author(s):  
Jose Nabor Cruz Marcelo
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
The European Union

Artículo que informa los resultados de cómo la desigualdad de los ingresos ha generado un intenso debate no sólo en la teoría económica sino en las ciencias sociales en general, puesto que se considera imprescindible una mejora en las percepciones de ingresos para generar bienestar económico y social. Por lo tanto, a través de tres indicadores, el coeficiente de Gini, la participación de los salarios en el Producto Interno Bruto y un índice de concentración del ingreso alternativo se analiza la evolución la distribución del ingreso en los países de la Unión Europea (UE) durante el periodo 1995-2012. Además, se simulan escenarios económicos, a través de un modelo algebraico que se basa en el método de Monte-Carlo, los efectos de algunas estrategias alternativas de Políticas Públicas que se pueden llevar a cabo en la Unión Europea para enfrentar la recesión económica y mejorar la desigualdad social. Se encuentra que mientras no se apliquen choques de demanda en la economía, la recesión económica continuará, así como la reducción del poder adquisitivo de los salarios de la UE. Lo cual constituye factores que influyen en el descontento y protesta social que consecuentemente impactarán en la seguridad y desarrollo de las economías europeas.

Employment and competitiveness as challenges for collective bargaining: a global perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-731
Author(s):  
Youcef Ghellab ◽  
Peggy Kelly
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Product Market ◽  
Employment Protection ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Employment Security

This article explores the changing focus of collective bargaining within the context of the global drive for competition. The first section describes how the main items on the agenda for collective bargaining have shifted from income distribution to means of promoting and protecting employment and competitiveness, and explains how mass unemployment and precarious employment have pushed employment security to the top of the collective bargaining agenda. Technological change, the increasing globalisation of the economy, the formation of regional economic groupings, and the intensification of competition between firms in the product market have all contributed to the pressure on collective bargaining institutions to improve competitiveness. The second section examines innovative approaches to dealing with the issues of employment protection, creation and competitiveness by highlighting the collective bargaining experiences of a number of countries outside of the European Union.

Crisis and Inequality in the European Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-452
Author(s):  
Ignacio Amate-Fortes ◽  
Almudena Guarnido-Rueda ◽  
Agustín Molina-Morales
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Economic Freedom Index

The objective of this work is to analyse the factors that influence a greater or lesser inequality in income distribution in the 27 EU countries, paying particular attention to the effect that the economic crisis has had. For this purpose we have used panel data covering a period of 16 years (from 1996 to 2011, inclusive), and we have introduced additional variables over and above those normally used, such as the ideology of the governing party, the economic freedom index, as well as the ‘crisis’ variable. The results obtained enable us to conclude that while the economic crisis has not necessarily caused a worsening in inequality, the response of European governments by means of social policy has not so far proved effective in the fight against the lack of equality in income distribution.

scholarly journals MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS OF HAPPINESS: CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerajda FERUNI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Determinants Of Economic Growth

The aim of this paper is to test empirically the relationship between life satisfaction, another term used for happiness, and macroeconomic indicators such as GDP per capita, which is a proxy for economic growth, unemployment, inflation, income distribution and government expenditure in the European Union countries during the period of 2005-2017. The chosen variables are some of the most significant determinants of economic growth as well. Using the Fixed Effects model, which falls under the Panel Generalized Least Square method, the empirical results are in accordance with the literature review and suggest that unemployment and inflation have negative significant impacts on life satisfaction. Additionally, higher government expenditures and a higher level of economic growth lead to a higher level of life satisfaction in the EU countries, while unfair income distribution leads to a lower level of life satisfaction. Keywords: life satisfaction, macroeconomic indicators, economic growth, EU

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