POWER ENGINEERING PROBLEMS OF THE FRONT-LINE AREAS OF CENTRAL OF RUSSIA IN 1941–1945

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Galina A. Budnik ◽  
Tat’yana V. Korolyova ◽  
Tat’yana B. Kotlova
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Power Plant Equipment ◽  
Plant Equipment ◽  
Labour Legislation ◽  
Line Zone

The article studies the main problems of the power engineering of the front-line areas of the centre of Russia during World War II. The details of the evacuation of power plant equipment from the centre of the country to the Urals and Siberia, the organisation in the front-line zone of uninterrupted supply of electricity to the army and industrial enterprises, and the power plants recovery on the territory liberated from the enemy are shown. The problems and diffi culties in the work of labour collectives, such as providing power plants with fuel and workforce are pointed out. The main ways to overcome them are analysed. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the fi rst time an attempt is made for comprehensive, multi aspect study of the work of the branch in 1941-1945. The most important factors contributing to the organisation of the uninterrupted operation of energy facilities are elicited. Among them is a patriotic upsurge; the advantage of planned, policy-based methods for managing the industry; tightening, in accordance with the martial laws, labour legislation; the employment of prisoners of the Gulag of the NKVD of the USSR in the construction of power plants; achievements of scientists, inventors and innovators of production. The range of issues requiring further scientifi c study is determined.

Paper 11: Feed Pumps for Modern Steam Boiler Applications, Design, Development, and Operation

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (14) ◽  
pp. 108-148
Author(s):  
P. S. Neporozhnii ◽  
A. K. Kirsh
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Feed Pump ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Power Plant Equipment ◽  
Plant Equipment

This paper describes the operating conditions which form the basis for determining the various types of feed pump units needed to equip the main power plant equipment in the U.S.S.R. The principles upon which the feed pump groups are selected, according to the type of equipment installed in different power plants, are considered. The system diagrams and design features of the feed pumps are presented, together with descriptions of how they are driven.

At the Front Line: Experiences of Australian Soldiers in World War II.

1998 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
John McCarthy ◽  
Mark Johnston
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line

scholarly journals Benthic and periphytic invertebrate contour groups in techno-ecosystems of power plants of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Protasov ◽  
◽  
A. Sylaieva ◽  
T. Novoselova ◽  
I. Morozovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Power Plant Equipment ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Plant Equipment ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Based on many years of research experience of water techno-ecosystems of thermal and nuclear power plants a brief review of the main patterns of formation of the composition, cenotic structure, elements of the functional organization of benthos and periphyton communities was made. It was shown that the composition of zoobenthos and zooperiphyton in some cooling ponds, other technical water bodies and watercourses was quite rich. In addition, due to the rather intensive invasive process, the list of taxa is constantly expanding. Species of tropical and subtropical origin have been recorded. Of particular importance is the invasion of species that may be the cause of bio-hindrances in the operation of power plant equipment. Techno-ecosystems have been studied to varying degrees. One of the most studied for a long time are the cooling ponds of Khmelnitsky and Chernobyl nuclear power plants. Hydrobiological research and monitoring at the first one has been carried out for more than 20 years. It was found that the influence of biotic invasion (invasion of Dreissenidae) may have a significant impact, comparable to extreme technogenic factors, on both the ecosystem and technical water supply facilities. The stages of contourisation and decontourisation processes in the Khmelnitsky NPP techno-ecosystem were established. At the Chernobyl NPP cooling pond, studies were carried out during all periods of the existence of the reservoir and the power plant, until the process of uncontrolled pond descent and transforming it into a unique wetland. Based on the obtained data, practical recommendations relating to the organization of hydrobiological and environmental monitoring, as well as reducing biological hindrances and improving the reliability of power plant equipment have been developed.

CFB Refurbishment Opportunities in Russia

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Grammelis ◽  
N. Koukouzas ◽  
G. Skodras ◽  
E. Kakaras ◽  
A. Tumanovski
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Power Plant Equipment ◽  
Milled Peat ◽  
Plant Equipment ◽  
Low Efficiency

The paper aims to present the current status of the coal-fired power sector in Russia, the prospects for renovation activities based on the fluidised bed technology and the existing experience on CFB refurbishment projects. The renovation needs of the power sector, among the retrofitting, repowering and reconstruction options, were estimated through a multi-criteria analysis. The most attractive system to renovate a power plant between the Supercritical Combustion (SC) and the Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) technology was evaluated. Furthermore, the boiler replacement with a CFB unit in the Shatura power plant was studied and its replication potential in the Russian coal-fired power plant park was examined. Nowadays, the installed capacity of coal-fired power plants in the Russian Federation is 29.3 GWe, while they account for about 19% of the total electricity generation in the area. The low efficiency and especially the advanced age are the determinant factors for renovation applications at the Russian units. Even in the more conservative modernisation scenario, over 30% of the thermoelectric units have to be repowered or reconstructed. CFB is the most promising technology for such modernisation projects, when the renovation potential is high. The main characteristics including high volatile yield, low ash content and a large share of light fractions in the as-fired milled peat were taken into account during the CFB boiler calculations in the Shatura power plant. Upgrading the existing coal-fired power plant equipment with CFB technology, which is known to be environmental friendly and efficient, will open new perspectives to the operating power plants in Russia.

Nuclear Power Plant Thermal Performance Improvement

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg C. Alder ◽  
Frank J. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Power Plant Equipment ◽  
Plant Personnel ◽  
Plant Equipment

With the combination of increased demand for electric power and advancing age of operating equipment in nuclear power plants, is more important than ever to monitor the condition of plant operation. There are many factors to monitor in nuclear power plant equipment condition. However, one that is frequently overlooked is thermal performance. Often this is an area where plant personnel can find “low hanging fruit” with great return on investment. Often thermal performance analysis can discover better methods to maintain critical plant equipment resulting in more efficient outage activities. Plants also benefit from increasing their operators’ awareness of the importance of thermal performance monitoring to find lost power generation. This paper will discuss proven methods to track, trend, and prioritize thermal performance issues in order to reduce the time from the occurrence of a loss to recovery.

Making Postwar Communism

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Pittaway
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
International History ◽  
The North ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Precarious Situation

The Soviet Union's victory in World War II offered both Moscow and Communists in Europe the opportunity to break out of the isolation that had afflicted them during the interwar years. With the end of the war in Europe in 1945, the Soviet front line traversed Central Europe from Germany's Baltic Coast in the north to the Yugoslav–Italian border in the south. By the mid-1950s, the enhanced influence of communism had been both consolidated and contained. Explaining the paradoxical consolidation and containment of communism's influence across the continent is fundamental to grasping the contours of politics in Europe during the postwar period. The dominant strand in the historiography that approaches such an explanation is informed by the perspective of international history. The pressures of survival during the precarious situation for the Soviet Union that persisted throughout 1942 reinforced the non-participatory, bureaucratic Stalinism which emerged during 1939–1940. The launch of Barbarossa underpinned an escalation in the radicalisation of Nazism.

scholarly journals Organizational Capabilities and the Economic History of the Industrial Enterprise

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred D Chandler
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Economic History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Organizational Capabilities ◽  
World War ◽  
Industrial Firms ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Empirical Regularities ◽  
History Of

In my book Scale and Scope (1990), I focused on the history of the modern industrial firm from the 1880s, when such firms first appeared, through World War II. I did so by comparing the fortunes of more than 600 enterprises—the 200 largest industrial firms at three points in time (World War I, 1929, and World War II) in each of the three major industrial economies (those of the United States, Britain, and Germany). In this paper, I first describe the similarities in the historical beginnings and continuing evolution of these enterprises and then outline my explanation for these similarities. Next, I relate my explanation of these “empirical regularities” to four major economic theories relating to the firm: the neoclassical, the principal-agent, the transaction cost, and the evolutionary. Finally, I suggest the value of the transactions cost and evolutionary theories to historians and economists who are attempting to explain the beginnings and growth of modern industrial enterprises.

At the Front Line: Experiences of Australian Soldiers in World War II

1999 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Margaret Barter ◽  
Mark Johnston
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line

scholarly journals World War II Front Line Nurse

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mildred MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line
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