scholarly journals A Rare Case of Purtscher’s Retinopathy Seen in RTA Patient

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Aye Myat Mon ◽  
Yogita Rajbhandari ◽  
Sudeep Rajbhandari ◽  
Sanyam Bajimaya
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Purtscher’S Retinopathy ◽  
Embolism Syndrome ◽  
History Of

Purtscher's retinopathy was described by German Ophthalmologist Otmar Purtscher in 1910. It is an occlusive microvascular retinopathy caused by trauma such as head injury, thoracic compressive injury or long bone fractures.1Without history of trauma, it can also be due to systemic disease like acute pancreatitis, renal failure, lymphoproliferative disorder, valsalva maneuver, fat embolism syndrome or autoimmune diseases and they present with similar retinal findings and it is called Purtscher like retinopathy.

Complications of fractures

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Wilson-MacDonald ◽  
Andrew James
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Gas Gangrene ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Tissue Removal ◽  
Trophic Changes ◽  
Prolonged Pain ◽  
Deep Vein

♦ Fat embolism syndrome is defined as the presence of globules of fat in the lungs and in other tissues and occurs occasionally in long bone fractures♦ Reflex sympathetic dystrophy is characterized by intense prolonged pain, vasomotor disturbance, delayed functional recovery, and trophic changes♦ Avascular necrosis typically affects intra-articular bone after fracture and can occur in up to 70% of displaced talar neck fractures♦ Immobility associated with recovery from fracture is associated with deep vein thrombosis, which carries a risk of pulmonary embolism, and should be treated with anti-coagulants♦ Gas gangrene is a rapidly-spreading infection of devitalized tissue, removal of the affected area and treatment with penicillin is required♦ Compartment syndrome within a closed compartment can result in tissue ischaemia and necrosis followed by fibrosis and muscle contracture

Timing of definitive fixation of major long bone fractures: Can fat embolism syndrome be prevented?

Injury ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. S3-S6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taco J. Blokhuis ◽  
Hans-Christoph Pape ◽  
Jan-Paul Frölke
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Fat Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Embolism Syndrome

scholarly journals Fat Embolism Syndrome: A Case Report and Review Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattaphol Uransilp ◽  
Sombat Muengtaweepongsa ◽  
Nuttawut Chanalithichai ◽  
Nattapol Tammachote
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Fat Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Neck Fracture ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a life-threatening complication in patients with orthopedic trauma, especially long bone fractures. The diagnosis of fat embolism is made by clinical features alone with no specific laboratory findings. FES has no specific treatment and requires supportive care, although it can be prevented by early fixation of bone fractures. Here, we report a case of FES in a patient with right femoral neck fracture, which was diagnosed initially by Gurd’s criteria and subsequently confirmed by typical appearances on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. The patient received supportive management and a short course of intravenous methylprednisolone.

Tactics of Operative Treatment for Closed Long Bone Fractures in Patients with Polytrauma in Early Period

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
V A Sokolov ◽  
E I Byalik ◽  
V A Sokolov ◽  
E I Byalik
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Plate Osteosynthesis ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Urgent Operation

Results of the treatment of 218 victims with polytrauma were analyzed during the period from 1998 to 2202. There were 127 patients with one and 91 patients with several closed fractures. Authors consider osteosynthesis for closed long bone fractures to be an urgent operation of third term. Osteosynthesis is absolutely indicated to the patients with psychomotor excitation, in cases of the threat for skin perforation by bone fragments and in patients requiring intensive nursing for their life rescue. The choice of operative method depends on polytrauma severity and fracture type. When osteosynthesis is performed by urgent indications in patients with polytrauma the requirements to osteosynthesis stiffness are higher than in isolate injuries, as the rotation displacement, migration and fixator deformity frequently take place in unconscious patients who need constant intensive nursing. In patients with concomitant thorax injury urgent intramedullar osteosynthesis by nail is contraindicated due to the possibility of fat embolism syndrome development. In these patients plate osteosynthesis is preferred. If there are no absolute indications to urgent osteosynthesis this operation could be performed on 3-10 days after trauma using lightly traumatic and invasive methods not waiting for the complete normalization of homeostasis parameters and restoration of soft tissues in the fracture zone. In closed long bone fractures tactics of early osteosynthesis allows to decrease the rate of hypostatic complications and mortality by more than 10% and achieve good functional results.

scholarly journals Cerebral fat embolism syndrome (FES): similar cases with different outcomes

2018 ◽  
pp. bcr-2018-225261
Author(s):  
Alexis Jorgensen ◽  
Azhar Bashir ◽  
Jibanananda Satpathy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Plate Osteosynthesis ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Fat Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Embolism Syndrome

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a rare multisystem, clinical syndrome occurring in 0.9%–2.2% of long-bone fractures. The severity of FES can vary from subclinical with mild respiratory changes and haematological aberrations to a fulminant state characterised by sudden onset of severe respiratory and neurological impairment. Here we present two patients with cerebral FES secondary to femur fracture. Both patients exhibited profound neurological impairment with varied outcomes. Our cases highlight the importance of a high clinical suspicion of FES in patients with long-bone fractures and neurological deterioration. We recommend early plate osteosynthesis to prevent additional emboli in patients with FES and situational placement of intracranial pressure monitoring. Finally, cerebral FES has low mortality even in a patient with tentorial herniation and fixed, dilated pupils.

Brain Fat Embolism

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Decaminada ◽  
M. Thaler ◽  
R. Holler ◽  
A. Salsa ◽  
C. Ladiges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Restricted Diffusion ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Cytotoxic Edema ◽  
Centrum Semiovale ◽  
Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Wide Range

Fat embolism syndrome [FES] is an uncommon but serious complication of traumatic injures, which can follow a wide range of other surgical and medical conditions and can manifest with a collection of respiratory, hematological, neurological and cutaneous symptoms. FES should be suspected in all cases of traumatic injures with altered mental status following a period of normal neurological function, especially after orthopedic fixation of long bone fractures. Neurological symptoms must not be related to the initial trauma. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of FES and to correlate the neuroradiological findings with the clinical symptoms and the outcome of two cases of cerebral FES which occurred in two young men after bone fractures of the extremities without cranial traumatism. Both patients were studied by brain computed tomography (CT) and by brain magnetic resonance (MR). While Cerebral CT was inadequate to the diagnosis, Cerebral MR, performed 48 hours after injury, showed several focal areas of pathological signal in the white matter of the subcortical, periventricular and centrum semiovale regions, as well as in the basal ganglia and cerebellum. The neuroradiological findings of the two patients were compared with their clinical symptoms and outcome. The patient with the worst prognosis showed more lesions on MR and a restricted diffusion on DWI-MR, due to cytotoxic edema, whereas the patient with the better outcome showed lesions due to vasogenetic edema without any restricted diffusion. Cerebral MR and DW-MR are sensitive indicators for the early diagnosis of FES and can give a vast amount of information on the prognosis and future outcome.

scholarly journals Management of long bone fractures in patients with cerebral fat embolism syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 100365
Author(s):  
Rebecca D. Chase ◽  
Sheena J. Amin ◽  
Rakesh P. Mashru ◽  
Henry J. Dolch ◽  
Kenneth W. Graf
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Fat Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Embolism Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Fat Embolism Syndrome
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