scholarly journals Extraocular muscle enlargement: rare presentation of plasmablastic lymphoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
Mridula Jacob ◽  
Vijaya Pai H.
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Plasma Cell Myeloma ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Aggressive Variant

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a very rare and highly aggressive variant of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is usually seen in the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-affected individuals. Very few cases of PBL are reported in the orbit till date. Morphologically and immunologically, it can mimic plasma cell myeloma. It is highly fatal and poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to the treating clinician. This scenario makes reporting of such rare tumors more relevant. We report a rare case of PBL of the orbit in a 49-year-old HIV-positive lady who presented with acute onset of painful proptosis and loss of vision in her left eye.

scholarly journals A Rare Presentation of HIV-Negative Plasmablastic Lymphoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Alaina J. Kessler ◽  
Bridget K. Marcellino ◽  
Scot A. Niglio ◽  
Bruce E. Petersen ◽  
Adriana K. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Plasma Cell Myeloma ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Negative

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) and plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma (PCM) have many overlapping characteristics. Clinical correlation can help make the distinction between the two entities. Human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) negative PBL is a rare disease, making the diagnosis more challenging. While there is no standard of care for PBL, current recommendations include dose-adjusted EPOCH (etoposide, vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone), with or without bortezomib. We report an aggressive case of HIV-negative plasmablastic lymphoma and discuss the challenge in establishing a diagnosis. We review the literature regarding this disease and current recommendations for treatment.

HIV encephalopathy in a child: a rare presentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
R Prasad ◽  
M Madeshwaran ◽  
OP Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Female Child ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Hiv Encephalopathy ◽  
Cranial Ct ◽  
Progressive Encephalopathy ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Human Immunodeficiency virus encephalopathy is a rare presenting feature in children. We had a 7 year female child of HIV positive parent, who presented with fever, progressive decline in neurological function and altered sensorium for 15 days. On examination, she was febrile, unconscious (GCS 4/15) with decerebrate posturing, symmetrical exaggerated deep tendonreflexes,and bilateral extensor plantar. Her ELISAfor HIV was positive and CD4+ count was 89 cells/pl. CSF cytochemical analyses was normalwith negativelndia ink study for cryptococcus. Cranial CT showed brain atrophy in serial scans. A diagnosis of progressive HIV encephalopathy was made and antibacterials, antifungals and HAART regimen was started but child succumbed to illness. Progressive encephalopathy in childhood may be due to HIV infection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v1i4.9576 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2013) Vol.1 No.04: 53-55

scholarly journals Community acquired Stenotrophomonas maltophilia causing empyema in an adult with HIV

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
P. Sharma ◽  
S.D. Duggal ◽  
S. Gupta ◽  
R. Gur ◽  
S. Kaushik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Fluid Culture

Introduction: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) is multidrug resistant (MDR) organism usually associated with hospital acquired infections. Here we report a rare case of community acquired S. maltophilia empyema in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patient. Case Report: A 54 year old male presented with cough, breathlessness and chest pain for one month. On investigation, radiological picture was suggestive of massive right empyema. Pleural fluid culture grew S. maltophilia repeatedly which was treated with cotrimoxazole and levofloxacin based on antibiogram. Following improvement patient was discharged on anti-retro viral and anti-tubercular treatment. Conclusion: Community acquired invasive S. maltophilia infections should be kept as differential diagnosis in immunocompromised patients. Being MDR, appropriate microbiological identification and susceptibility play an important role in treatment and outcome of these patients.

scholarly journals Long-term survivor of human immunodeficiency virus-associated plasmablastic lymphoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Sharma ◽  
T. V. S. V. G. K. Tilak ◽  
Rakesh Lodha ◽  
MC Sharma ◽  
Deepak Dabkara
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Term Survivor

scholarly journals Non-Hodgkin’s Plasmablastic Lymphoma as Initial Presentation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110146
Author(s):  
Roopam Jariwal ◽  
Nadia Raza ◽  
Janpreet Bhandohal ◽  
Everardo Cobos
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Head Neck

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that manifests in patients with the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), more prominently in the head, neck, and oral mucosal region. The diagnosis of this rare lymphoma serves as a concomitant diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The case is of a 33-year-old previously healthy male, with an unknown diagnosis of HIV with a painful right mandibular mass. He was subsequently diagnosed with PBL and HIV. This case of PBL illustrates the importance of linking a rare and potentially life-threatening diagnosis as a possible first manifestation of HIV.

scholarly journals Influence of boarding secondary school environment on HIV positive students in South Western Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Bernard Kihumuro ◽  
David Jolly Muganzi ◽  
Elton George Wandira ◽  
Racheal Alinaiswe ◽  
Jovitah Joselyne Nanyunja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Negative Coping ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Background The number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive adolescents in secondary school has increased over the years. Little is known on how the students cope to the pressures and demands of their academic and health lives in the boarding secondary schools. This study explored the factors surrounding their anti-retroviral therapy adherence as well as their experiences. Methods We did a qualitative study that employed in-depth interviews amongst purposively selected 19 HIV positive adolescent students in boarding secondary school and seven key informants. Key informants were members of boarding secondary school staff directly taking care of the adolescents living with human immune virus and had spent at least two academic terms in that school. The study participants were recruited from four health facilities in Bushenyi district, southwestern Uganda, and key informants from five boarding secondary schools in Bushenyi. These were engaged in in-depth interviews using an interview guide. Data was transcribed, coded and the content analyzed thematically. Results Adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus in boarding secondary school face challenges similar to adolescents outside boarding school settings. However, some challenges are unique to them. Students faced numerous barriers which made it difficult to adhere to their medication. Stigmatization in its different forms was also a major challenge amongst students. Willingness disclosure of serostatus was beneficial to the students since it guaranteed support while at school; facilitating adherence and better living. However, students were uneasy to disclose their status. Some students adopted negative coping mechanisms such as telling lies, escaping from school, and class to access medication. Conclusions Adolescents in boarding secondary schools face similar challenges as compared to their counterparts with some being unique to them. Few school mechanisms help these students to cope while at school. Limited disclosure has proven useful but some adolescents have opted not to disclose their status and hence used negative coping mechanisms. These challenges need to be addressed and a safe environment to encourage limited disclosure should be made.

Pneumocystis carinii infection in bilateral aural polyps in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient

2002 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. Praveen ◽  
R. M. Terry ◽  
M. Elmahallawy ◽  
C. Horsfield
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Positive Patient ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii Infection

Pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic infection found in patients with impaired immunity. Under favourable conditions the parasite can spread via the blood stream or lymphatic vessels and cause extrapulmonary dissemination. We report a case of P carinii infection presenting as bilateral aural polyps, otitis media and mastoiditis in human immunodeficiency (HIV)-positive patient with no history of prior or concomitant P carinii infection.

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