Natural and anthropogenic threats to the existence of populations of species of the orchid family (Orchidaceae Juss.) in the Poltva basin (L’viv region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-97
Author(s):  
Y. Pylypiv ◽  
◽  
V. Kyyak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Threats

Prominence of environmental and anthropogenic agents on the occurrence of coral reef bleaching syndrome and coral diseases

2024 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 6139-2024
Author(s):  
MICHAŁ SCHULZ ◽  
ALEKSANDRA ŁOŚ ◽  
PATRYCJA SKOWRONEK ◽  
ANETA STRACHECKA
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Main Relationship

Coral reefs are the most productive ecosystems on Earth. They ensure the conservation of biodiversity and are a live habitat for 25% of all marine organisms. The main relationship on the coral reef is the symbiosis between corals and algae from the genus Symbiodinium (commonly called zooxanthellae). The authors of this publication have characterized and described the factors limiting the occurrence of coral reefs, including: water temperature, salinity, access to sunlight, contamination, physicochemical and hydromechanical parameters of water. Moreover anthropogenic threats to coral reefs have been specified, including diving tourism, ecological disasters (e.g. oil spills) and the development of marine aquaristics. Rapid changes in the basic living conditions are dangerous for corals and their symbionts and may cause the unsuitability of the new environment resulting in diseases such as coral bleaching. Corals bleaching is a disease associated with the break of the coral and algae relationship which results in a coral reef death on a global scale. Awareness of these negative factors, often related to human activity, may allow us to better understand the ecological processes that are the basis of reef functioning and might enable us to prevent and oppose to the changes and ecological recessions of coral reefs.

scholarly journals Quantifying anthropogenic threats to orchids using the IUCN Red List

AMBIO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Wraith ◽  
Catherine Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

scholarly journals Spatial Assessment of the Potential Impact of Infrastructure Development on Biodiversity Conservation in Lowland Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Sharma ◽  
Bhagawat Rimal ◽  
Nigel Stork ◽  
Himlal Baral ◽  
Maheshwar Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Ecological Sites ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats ◽  
The Impact

Biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate with infrastructure development being one of the leading causes. New infrastructure, such as roads, provides new access and results in increased land clearing and wildlife hunting. A number of large infrastructure projects, including new roads and rail, are being planned in Nepal. We show the application of readily available remotely sensed data and geospatial tools to assess the potential impact of these future developments on habitat quality under three protection-level scenarios. Our findings reveal that there is currently large spatial heterogeneity in habitat quality across the landscape as a result of current anthropogenic threats, and that three areas in particular could have up to 40% reduction in habitat quality as a result of the planned infrastructure. Further research is required to determine more precisely the impact on key species. Strengthening protected areas and buffer zones will contribute to mitigating degradation to some degree, however, large areas of biologically significant areas outside protected areas will be affected without new controls. Our geographic information systems (GIS) based methodology could be used to conduct studies in data poor developing countries, where rapid infrastructure development across ecological sites are ongoing, in order to make society, policy makers, and development planners aware.

scholarly journals Hard times for catadromous fish: the case of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla, L. 1758)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Podda ◽  
Andrea Sabatini ◽  
Francesco Palmas ◽  
Antonio Pusceddu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
European Eel ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

Catadromous fish species are very important organisms for their ecological, economical, and cultural value. For its complex life species catadromous fish result in worldwide decline since the beginning of the 20th century. Among the most iconic catadromous species, the European eel Anguilla anguilla L. 1758 has aroused considerable interest since very ancient times. Because, to date, many aspects of their life cycle remain relatively unknown, to implement our knowledge about the main natural and anthropogenic threats to its survivorship and identify possible solutions to preserve it, in this narrative review, we present the state of the knowledge about the life cycle, habitat occupancy, recruitment, and migration patterns of the European eel and about the major threats most likely have contributed to the decline of eels’ populations.

scholarly journals Decline of unique Pontocaspian biodiversity in the Black Sea Basin: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandre Gogaladze ◽  
Mikhail Son ◽  
Matteo Lattuada ◽  
Vitaliy Anistratenko ◽  
Vitaly Syomin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mollusc Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats ◽  
Effective Conservation

Aim The unique aquatic Pontocaspian (PC) biota of the Black Sea Basin (BSB) is in decline. Lack of detailed knowledge on the status and trends of species, populations and communities hampers a thorough risk assessment and precludes effective conservation. This paper aims to review PC biodiversity trends using endemic molluscs as a model group. We aim to assess changes in PC habitats, community structure and species distribution over the past century and to identify direct anthropogenic threats. Location Black Sea Basin (Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine and Russia). Methods Presence/absence data of target mollusc species was assembled from literature, reports and personal observations. PC biodiversity trends in the NW BSB coastal regions were established by comparing 20th and 21st century occurrences. Direct drivers of habitat and biodiversity change were identified and documented. Results A very strong decline of PC species and communities during the past century is driven by a) damming of rivers, b) habitat modifications negatively affecting salinity gradients, c) pollution and eutrophication, d) invasive alien species and e) climate change. Four out of 10 studied regions, namely, the Danube Delta – Razim Lake system, Dniester Liman, Dnieper-South Bug Estuary and Taganrog Bay-Don Delta contain the entire spectrum of ecological conditions to support PC communities and still host threatened endemic PC mollusc species. Distribution data is incomplete, but the scale of deterioration of PC species and communities is evident from the assembled data, as are major direct threats. Main conclusions PC biodiversity in the BSB is profoundly affected by human activities. Standardised observation and collection data as well as precise definition of PC biota and habitats are necessary for targeted conservation actions. This study will help to set the research and policy agenda required to improve data collection to accommodate effective conservation of the unique PC biota.

Integration of anthropogenic threats and biodiversity value to identify critical sites for biodiversity conservation

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1202-1217
Author(s):  
Azade Mehri ◽  
Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny ◽  
Ali Reza Mikaeili Tabrizi ◽  
Seyed Hamed Mirkarimi ◽  
Amir Sadoddin
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

Conservation biology of the critically endangered salamander, Paradactylodon persicus gorganensis (Clergue-Gazeau & Thorn, 1979) (Amphibia: Hynobiidae) in northeastern Iran

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian Yousefkhani
Keyword(s):  
High Elevation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Future Viability ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

Abstract Paradactylodon persicus gorganensis is a critically endangered salamander found in northeastern Iran which faces increasing major anthropogenic threats such as agriculture, industry and mining. The aim of the current study is to identify key environmental variables associated with the species’ presence. Also, measuring and comparing the water quality parameters in habitats where P. p. gorganensis is present and absent are the other aims of the study. The results indicate that high pH and dissolved oxygen values have a negative effect on the species’ presence, while its presence was strongly correlated with low mean water temperatures. The species’ range in response to the climate change will shift to the south and east, where areas of high elevation occur, because the species favors cold habitats. This study indicates that it will be particularly important to evaluate the whole range where P. p. gorganensis exists when preparing conservation action plans. It is recommended that ex-situ conservation programs are incorporated into conservation planning for the species, because the number of individuals in the wild is so low and their future viability is fragile.

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