L’argumentation dans les recours en révision au Grand Conseil de Malines : une distinction estompée entre « fait » et « droit » ?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Wijffels
Keyword(s):  
Ius Commune

Au xvie siècle, le recours en révision au Grand Conseil de Malines était en principe réservé aux cas où une partie alléguait une erreur de fait dans le jugement du Grand Conseil. Les archives de la pratique révèlent toutefois que dans les procédures en révision, les conseils justifiaient souvent le recours à partir d’arguments juridiques. Une analyse plus détaillée de ces argumentations semble démontrer que les arguments juridiques se référaient dans ces procédures en révision avant tout aux sources du droit que les doctrines des droits savants qualifiaient de iura propria, c’est-à-dire principalement la coutume et la législation. Dans un contexte procédural, il apparaît que les sources des droits particuliers se situaient entre le champ des faits au sens strict et les sources du ius commune.

Scots Law: Mixed from the Very Beginning? A Tale of Two Receptions

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
WDH Sellar
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Common Law ◽  
General Meeting ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
Annual General Meeting ◽  
Ius Commune ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Anglo Norman ◽  
Considerable Period

This article is the revised text of the lecture delivered to the Stair Society at its Annual General Meeting in November 1997. It defends the proposition that Scots law, from the time of its emergence in the Middle Ages, has been a “mixed” system, open to the influence of both the English Common Law and the Civilian tradition. It also compares and contrasts the Reception of the Anglo-Norman law with that of Roman law. The former was quite specific as regards both time and substantive legal content. The Reception of Roman law, on the other hand, took place over a considerable period of time, and its effects were complex and diffuse. Above all, the Civilian tradition and the wider ius commune provided an intellectual framework against which to measure Scots law. Both Receptions exercised a profound influence on the continuing development of Scots law.

University Education and English Ecclesiastical Lawyers 1400–1650

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Helmholz
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
University Education ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Negative Opinion ◽  
Ius Commune ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Church ◽  
Academic Study

Most recent historians have expressed a negative opinion of the quality of legal education at the English universities between 1400 and 1650. The academic study of law at Oxford and Cambridge, they have stated, was easy, antiquated and impractical. The curriculum had not changed from the form it assumed in the thirteenth century, and it did little to prepare students for their careers. This article challenges that opinion by examining the inner nature of the ius commune, the law that was applied in the courts of the church, and also by examining some of the works of practice compiled by English civilians during the period. Those works show that the negative opinion rests in part upon a misunderstanding of the nature of legal practice during earlier centuries. In fact, concentration on the texts of the Roman and canon laws, as old-fashioned as it seems to us, was well suited for the tasks advocates and judges would face once they left the academy. It also provided the stimulus needed for advance in the law of the church itself; their legal education made available to potential advocates and judges skills that would permit a sophisticated application of the ius commune, one better suited to their times. The article provides evidence of how this happened.1

VI. Der römische Eigentumsvorbehalt als Vorbehalt des Besitzes

2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Fortunat Stagl
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Ius Commune ◽  
Functional Equivalent

AbstractRoman retention of title clauses as retention of possession. It is the dominant view that Roman law did not know retention of title clauses (pactum reservati dominii) which is, accordingly, considered to be an invention of the medieval ius commune. This opinion is true to the extent that retention of title was inefficient from the Roman point of view because the buyer as possessor was always in the position of acquiring ownership by acquisitive prescription (usucapio), the requirement of good faith being met in these instances. The Roman lawyers, therefore, devised different means to make sure that the buyer would get the use of the sold good (detentio) without becoming possessor thus preventing the dreaded usucapio. This ‘retention of possession’ (Besitzvorbehalt) is the Roman functional equivalent to modern retention of title.

Dall' alba al crepusculo del commento

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Padovani
Keyword(s):  
Ius Commune

Lange Zeit als einer der wichtigsten Juristen des europäischen ius commune gepriesen, wurde Giovanni Nicoletti da Imola (ca. 1375 – 1436) selbst zum Ziel der scharfen Kritik an der gesamten Schule der Kommentatoren, zunächst durch die Humanisten und dann durch die Rechtshistoriker, die sich dem negativen Urteil Savignys anschlossen. Das Buch rekonstruiert die verflochtene und nahezu unbekannte Biographie dieses iuris utriusque doctor, seine wissenschaftliche Produktion, sowohl in gedruckter Form (die durch eine eklatante, verlegerische Fälschung belastet war) als auch seine Handschriften sowie die Beziehungen zu seinen Lehrern, Schülern und Kollegen während des Großen Schismas. Als anerkannter und an den wichtigsten Universitäten gefragter Dozent ist Giovanni vor allem Zeuge des dramatischen Übergangs vom Mittelalter zur Neuzeit.

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