An Analysis of North Korea’s Cyber Attacks on International Financial System: Characteristics and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-111
Author(s):  
Sangho Lee ◽  
Kwangki Park
Keyword(s):  
Financial System ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
International Financial System ◽  
System Characteristics

Deepening Integration

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Akyüz
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
Resident Participation ◽  
International Financial System ◽  
Private And Public

After recurrent crises with severe consequences in the 1990s and early 2000s EDEs have become even more closely integrated into what is now widely recognized as an inherently unstable international financial system. This chapter discusses the factors accelerating global financial integration of EDEs, including monetary policies in major advanced economies, notably the United States. It examines capital inflows and outflows, external balance sheets, the size and composition of gross external assets and liabilities, distinguishing between equity and debt, private and public sectors, local currency and foreign currency debt, bond issues and bank loans, and cross-border and local lending by international banks. It provides data and information on the currency composition of external debt, and non-resident participation in domestic financial markets of emerging economies. These are used to identify the changes in the depth and pattern of integration of emerging economies into the international financial system since the early 1990s.

From IMF Poster Child to Wayward Student

2019 ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
Jerome Roos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fiscal Discipline ◽  
Enforcement Mechanism ◽  
International Financial System ◽  
The International Monetary Fund ◽  
The Imf

This chapter considers why the International Monetary Fund (IMF) did it not prevent Argentina's record default of 2001. It suggests that the IMF was both unable and unwilling to stop it. While the second enforcement mechanism of conditional IMF lending was initially fully operative, helping to enforce Argentina's compliance in the first years of the crisis, the outcome of the megaswap greatly reduced the risk of an Argentine default to the international financial system. Combined with mounting domestic opposition in the United States to further international bailout loans, this greatly weakened the IMF's capacity to impose fiscal discipline on Argentina, eventually leading the Fund to pull the plug on its own bailout program, causing the second enforcement mechanism to break down altogether. The chapter recounts the process through which this breakdown occurred.

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