Droop Control Based Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic Inverters for Distributed Generation

In day to day the demand of electrical energy has been increasing in worldwide, as well the share of solar photovoltaic power generation has increased extremely because of population growth, urbanization, etc. Although the power generated from solar photovoltaic is erratically, and it makes the stability and reliability problems in a utility grid. This paper projects a P/Q droop control strategy for a grid-tied PWM inverter. This paper introduces an entire model of grid-connected solar photovoltaic array; inverter with droop control, and loads are developed for this operation. The locus points of the both power sharing of the DG system is developed by the proposed control operation. PI controllers were used in this droop control was espoused to adjust the constraints of PI controller. The results of the proposed droop control inject positive and reactive power into a variation of loads and improving the quality of power as compared to the conventional PID controllers.

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Solar photovoltaic-based microgrid hosting capacity evaluation in electrical energy distribution network with voltage quality analysis

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-021-04543-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Arvind Sharma ◽

Mohan Kolhe ◽

Alkistis Kontou ◽

Dimitrios Lagos ◽

Panos Kotsampopoulos

Keyword(s):

Reactive Power ◽

Distribution Network ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Droop Control ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Voltage Profile ◽

Power Conditioning ◽

Network Operation ◽

Hardware In Loop ◽

Pv Penetration

Abstract In this paper, solar photovoltaic hosting capacity within the electrical distribution network is estimated for different buses, and the impacts of high PV penetration are evaluated using power hardware-in-loop testing methods. It is observed that the considered operational constraints (i.e. voltage and loadings) and their operational limits have a significant impact on the hosting capacity results. However, with increasing photovoltaic penetration, some of the network buses reach maximum hosting capacity, which affects the network operation (e.g. bus voltages, line loading). The results show that even distributing the maximum hosting capacity among different buses can increase the bus voltage rise to 9%. To maintain the network bus voltages within acceptable limits, reactive power voltage-based droop control is implemented in the photovoltaic conditioning devices to test the dynamics of the network operation. The results show that implementation of the droop control technique can reduce the maximum voltage rise from 9% to 4% in the considered case. This paper also presents the impact of forming a mesh type network (i.e. from radial network) on the voltage profile during PV penetration, and a comparative analysis of the operational performance of a mesh type and radial type electrical network is performed. It is observed that the cumulative effect of forming a mesh type network along with a droop control strategy can further improve the voltage profile and contribute to increase photovoltaic penetration. The results are verified using an experimental setup of digital real-time simulator and power hardware-in-loop test methods. The results from this work will be useful for estimating the appropriate photovoltaic hosting capacity within a distribution network and implementation of a droop control strategy in power conditioning devices to maintain the network operational parameters within the specified limits. Highlights Voltage and line loading constraints’ combination can reduce PV hosting capacity by 50% as compared to only voltage as a constraint. Implementation of reactive power versus voltage droop control in PV power conditioning device can reduce voltage variation from 9% to 4%. In a PV integrated electrical energy network, line loading can be reduced by 20% if the network is configured from radial to mesh type.

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Decentralize power sharing control strategy in islanded microgridsDecentralize power sharing control strategy in islanded microgrids

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ◽

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp752-760 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 752

Author(s):

Mubashir Hayat Khan ◽

Shamsul Aizam Zulkifli ◽

Erum Pathan ◽

Elhassan Garba ◽

Ronald Jackson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control Strategy ◽

Reactive Power ◽

Pi Controller ◽

Power Sharing ◽

Control Technique ◽

Droop Control ◽

Low Load ◽

Islanded Mode ◽

The Stability ◽

The Cost

<a name="_Hlk16093850"></a><span>Droop control technique is one of the renowned techniques which does not need any communication connection between Distibuted Generations (DG), hence the cost, as well as the reliability of the microgrid (MG) system can be reduced. MG is operated in two modes as their functionality and structure is concern. These are the grid connected or islanded (stand-alone) mode. DGs operating values may have different ratings of voltage, power and line impedance. The power sharing in these operatng conditions is not shared equally by all DGs connected in the system and also during load changes conditions power sharing accuracy is difficult to achieve. In this paper, a droop power control is used to balance the power sharing in islanded mode. As from the results, the active power sharing is equally shared from all DGs connected in the microgrid system. However, reactive power sharing accuracy always disturbed when there is impedance mismatch among the different DG feeders. The accuracy is done by monitoring the effects when load changes for low load to high load or vice versa. The Proportional Integral (PI) controller has been used to minimize the reactive power errors. At the end, the power droop is capable to share power accurately and results prove the stability and reliability of the proposed technique.</span>

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Power quality management using statcom for grid interfaced wind turbine controlled by microcontroller

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i4.5.21160 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4.5) ◽

pp. 576

Author(s):

Mohan Singh Panwar ◽

Dr. Ajay Kumar Bansal

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Wind Turbine ◽

Wind Power ◽

Power Quality ◽

Reactive Power ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

International Standards ◽

Pwm Inverter ◽

Dc Bus

Input source for wind power generation in wind turbine is wind. Variation of wind is uncontrolled. Quality of power gener- ated in a windmill is very poor due to uncontrolled and fluctuated nature wind. As per International Electro-technical Commission standard, IEC-61400 norms the power quality and measurements of wind turbine is to be calculate. Electrical energy generated from wind power is based on minimum pollution of environment as comparative to conventional sources of generation. In a grid connected wind power system there are some power quality issues. In grid integrated wind power systems, quality of power is measured by active power, reactive power & variation of voltages measured under guidelines of national & international standards. In this proposed system, the energy generated by wind turbine is converted to DC & DC bus is charged. A microcontroller regulated PWM inverter convert this DC voltage to AC to feed it to grid. The pro- posed DC Bus is augmented by PV (photovoltaic) charged Battery Based PWM controlled STATCOM.

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