scholarly journals Performance of Additives Concerning Synergistic Effect in Lube Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1874-1878 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Effect Of Additives ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Load Carrying

Lubricating oils containing ester, gaining more importance due to their friction reducing ability. Screening the performance of lubricating oils prior to field test is of most significance for the new lubricant formulations. In this endeavor, six lubricating blends were formulated having variable concentration of additives (sulfur and ester) in mineral oil and screened for their performance using four-ball tribo-tester. The formulated blends were evaluated for their extreme pressure and anti-wear characteristics as per ASTM standards. Tests were conducted on DUCOM TR- 30L four-ball tester and wear scar diameter were measured on an optical microscope.Compatibility and synergy of additives have been discussed on the basis of various parameters such as anti-wear scar diameter, mean scar diameter (just below weld load), mean scar diameter (at last non-seizure load), weld load and load wear index. The findings of this study demonstrate that ester along-with sulfur not only boost anti-wear properties but also enhance load carrying capacity of oil. An addition of sulfur beyond 2 % may not yield any significant improvement of tribo-characteristics of these oils.This paper is highlighting the synergistic effect of additives to render it as suitable lubricant for metal working applications. This paper also suggested an optimum concentration of an additive for its suitability for anti-wear and/(or) extreme-pressure properties.

Antiwear and extreme pressure performance of castor oil with nano-additives

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 1055-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Nayan Gupta ◽  
AP Harsha
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Suspension Stability ◽  
Additive Concentration ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Nano Additives ◽  
Analytical Tools

The aim of the present study is to examine the antiwear, antifriction, and extreme pressure performance of castor oil with nano-additives by using a four-ball tester. CeO2 (≈90 nm) and polytetrafluroethylene (≈150 nm) nanoparticles were used as an additive in castor oil with four different concentrations in the range of 0.1–1.0% w/v. The suspension stability of the nanoparticles was improved by using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a dispersant. Different analytical tools were used to characterize the nanoparticles parameter (i.e. shape and size) as well as the worn surfaces. The additive concentration was optimized on the basis of tribological performance. The test results of antiwear and extreme pressure property have been reported on the basis of wear scar diameter and weld load, respectively. For the antiwear test, it was observed that the maximum reduction in the wear scar diameter was 37.4 and 35.3% at an optimum concentration of CeO2 and polytetrafluroethylene additive, respectively. Also, antifriction and load carrying properties of castor oil were significantly improved with the addition of nanoparticles as an additive in a small amount. The mechanism for such improvement in the tribological behavior has also been discussed.

scholarly journals Nanoparticles of Zn and ZnO as extreme pressure (EP) additives for lubricants

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Taha Tijerina ◽  
Flavio Castillo ◽  
Javier Leal ◽  
Laura Peña Parás ◽  
Demófilo Maldonado Cortés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Zno Nanoparticle ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Nanoparticle Additives

The tribological behavior of moving components and tooling in the automotive industry is a critical issue for improving tool life and increasing efficiency. This work discusses the effects of Zn and ZnO nanoparticle additives homogeneously dispersed within a metal-forming synthetic fluid at various filler fractions: 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10wt.%. Nanolubricants were evaluated under scuffing conditions at extreme pressures (EP) conditions using a four-ball tribotester in order to obtain the load-carrying capacity (poz) behavior, and overall tribological characteristics. This method has shown, with great precision, the influence of the nanofillers on the EP behavior of conventional lubricants. Worn surfaces were characterized through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) to determine the tribological mechanisms of nanoparticles. An Alicona 3D surface measuring system was used for measuring the surface roughness of the wear scars. Both nanoparticles exhibited better friction-reducing and anti-wear properties compared to the base synthetic fluid. For Zn-based nanolubricants, an enhancement of ~180% in poz was obtained with 0.10wt.%, showing the effect of the spherical nanostructures that were tribosintered onto the surface due to the EPs of the test. Furthermore, the highest enhancement in poz (up to 250%) was achieved with incorporation of 0.10wt.% of ZnO demonstrating the potential of nanolubricants for improving the efficiency of mechanical components.

scholarly journals Tribochemistry and EP Activity Assessment of Mo-S Complexes in Lithium-Base Greases

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarunendr Singh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Auger Electron ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Flash Temperature ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Temperature Parameter ◽  
Ball Test ◽  
Base Grease

The blends of bis(1,5-diaryl-2,4-dithiomalonamido)dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes in lithium-base grease are evaluated for their extreme pressure activity in a “four-ball test” using 12.7 mm diameter alloy steel ball specimen. The additive, bis(1,5-di-p-methoxyphenyl-2,4-dithiomalonamido)dioxomolybdenum(VI) and bis(1,5-di-p-chloro-phenyl-2,4-dithiomalonamido)dioxomolybdenum(VI) exhibited lower values of wear-scar diameter at higher load and higher values of weld load, flash temperature parameter, and pressure wear index as compared with lithium-base grease without additives. The greases fortified with the developed additives prevent rusting and corrosion of bearings while grease containing no additives did not pass these tests as per the standard tests. These greases have also better oxidation protection as compared to the grease that has no additive. The topography and tribochemistry of the wear-scar surface are carried out by means of scanning electron microscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy techniques, respectively.

Extreme pressure properties of nanolubricants for metal-forming applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Peña-Parás ◽  
Demófilo Maldonado-Cortés ◽  
Jaime Taha-Tijerina ◽  
Patricio García-Pineda ◽  
Gerardo Tadeo Garza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Synthetic Lubricant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Nanoparticle Additives

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the extreme pressure properties of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticle additives with the incorporation of a surfactant within a synthetic fluid for metal-forming applications. Design/methodology/approach – The paper studies the effect of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticle additives at various concentrations (0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 wt. per cent) in a synthetic lubricant fluid under extreme pressure conditions. Oleic acid surfactant is added to the nanolubricant to improve dispersion and stability of nanoparticles. Extreme pressure tribological tests are performed on a four-ball T-02 tribotester according to the ITEePib Polish method for testing lubricants under conditions of scuffing. Findings – The results show that the addition CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles under the presence of OA resulted in an increase of the load-carrying capacity (poz) of the lubricant up to 137 and 60 per cent, respectively. The seizure load was also increased by 50 and 15 per cent, respectively. Practical implications – The results show that CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles can be successfully used as additives improving extreme pressure properties of lubricants. Originality/value – This demonstrates the potential of nanoparticle additives using surfactants for improving the extreme pressure properties of lubricants. These nanolubricants can be used for metal-forming applications like deep-drawing, achieving an increased tool life.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PALM KERNEL OIL-COPPER OXIDE NANOLUBRICANT

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (7-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afifah, A. N. ◽  
Syahrullail, S. ◽  
Amirrul Amin M. ◽  
Faizal, H. M.
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Load Carrying

Since the last decade, vegetable oil has received tremendous attention as an alternative lubricant because of worsening state of environmental health and finite resources of mineral oil. However, the use of vegetable oil is restricted due to the poor low temperature fluidity and thermal-oxidative stability. These drawbacks can be enhanced by adding additive into the solution of vegetable oil. Thus, objective of this research is to investigate the influence of adding nanoparticle additive on tribological performance of palm kernel oil. The type of nanoparticle used throughout this study is copper oxide, which serves as anti-wear additive. Palm kernel oil (PKO), palm kernel oil-copper oxide nanoparticle (PKO-CuO), mineral oil (SAE-40), synthetic oil (SAE15W-50) are used as lubricant. Tribological properties if the used lubricants are evaluated using fourball tribotester under standard load and extreme pressure tests. Experimental results showed that the presence of nanoparticles in natural palm kernel oil improved tribological performances of friction and wear. The friction coefficient and wear scar diameter are reduced by approximately 5.0% and 3.5% respectively. The highest enhancement in friction coefficient value of ~20% was obtained under extreme pressure condition. Addition of nanoparticle also is found to improve load carrying capacity of PKO by 15%. 

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