scholarly journals Pneumatic Hybrid Power Plants Efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5186-5191
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Pneumatic Motor ◽  
Hybrid Power

Tightening environmental requirements and rising fuel prices are forcing developers to look for ways to improve the efficiency of vehicle engines. The use of a combined power plant with more than one energy source is the most efficient. Therefore, there is a need to improve the efficiency of pneumatic hybrid power plants by utilizing thermal energy emitted into the atmosphere with exhaust gases and energy removed from the cooling system of an internal combustion engine. One of the possible systems for using the heat of an internal combustion engine exhaust gases is the combined power pneumatic with separate gas flows which is a piston pneumatic motor with internal heat supply. The pneumatic motor with internal heat supply is based on the PD-10U (ПД-10У) two-stroke starting engine, from which the standard fuel and ignition systems were dismantled. A crankshaft driven pneumatic valve is mounted on the cylinder head. During the research work the polynomial equation was obtained. It allows to assess qualitatively and quantitatively the influence on the effective power, generated by the pneumatic engine, of the compressed air supply system adjusting parameters, cylinder walls temperatures, as well as the temperatures of exhaust gases, entering the cylinder from internal combustion engine

АКУСТИЧНА ПОМІТНІСТЬ БЕЗПІЛОТНИХ ЛІТАЛЬНИХ АПАРАТІВ З СИЛОВИМИ УСТАНОВКАМИ НА БАЗІ ПОРШНЕВИХ ДВИГУНІВ

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-80
Author(s):  
В. В. Руденко ◽  
И. В. Калужинов ◽  
Н. А. Андрущенко
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Acoustic Signature ◽  
Static Conditions

The presence in operation of many prototypes of UAVs with propeller propellers, the use of such devices at relatively low altitudes and flight speeds makes the problem of noise reduction from UAVs urgent both from the point of view of acoustic imperceptibility and ecology.The aim of the work is to determine a set of methods that help to reduce the visibility of UAVs in the acoustic range. It is shown that the main source of noise from the UAV on the ground is the power plant, which includes the engine and the propeller. The parameters of the power plants influencing the processes that determine the acoustic signature of the UAV were investigated. A comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting visibility was carried out. The power plants include two-stroke and four-stroke engines, internal combustion and two-blade propellers. The use of silencers on the exhaust of the internal combustion engine was considered. The spectral characteristics of the acoustic fields of the propeller-driven power plants for the operating sample of the UAV "Eco" were obtained. The measurements were carried out in one-third octave and 1/48 octave frequency bands under static conditions. The venue is the KhAI airfield. Note that the propellers that were part of the power plants operated at Reynolds numbers (Re0,75<2*105), which can significantly affect its aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics. It is shown that when choosing a UAV control system, one should take into account the fact that two-stroke piston engines are the dominant source in the noise of propeller-driven control systems in the absence of a hood and mufflers in the intake and exhaust tracts. The use of a four-stroke internal combustion engine significantly reduces the noise of the control system. In the general case, the position of the boundaries of the zone of acoustic visibility of a UAV at the location of the observer is determined by the ratio between the intensity of acoustic radiation perceived by the observer from the UAV and the intensity of sound corresponding to the natural acoustic background and depends on the degree of manifestation of acoustic effects accompanying the propagation of sound in a turbulent atmosphere - the refraction of sound waves. Absorption and dissipation of acoustic energy. The calculation and comparison of the UAV detection range was carried out taking into account the existing natural maskers.The results of experimental studies are presented that allow assessing the degree of acoustic signature of the UAV. A set of measures aimed at reducing the intensity of the acoustic signature of the UAV in various regions of the radiation spectrum has been determined.

Possibility of using gas lubricant in the cylinders of internal combustion engines of transport vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Piston ◽  
Suspension Stiffness ◽  
Gas Layer

The prospects of using the gas-static suspension of the internal combustion engine piston in transport vehicles and power plants are considered. The diagram of the piston and the method for calculating the stiffness and bearing capacity of the gas layer surrounding the piston are presented, as well as the results of experiments that showed the relevance of this method. The possibility of gas and static centering of the engine piston is confirmed. Keywords: internal combustion engine, piston, gasstatic suspension, stiffness, bearing capacity, gas medium. [email protected]

Integrated Anaerobic Digester and Fuel Cell Power Generation System for Community Use

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Falkenstein-Smith ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
Ryan Milcarek ◽  
Jeongmin Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Power System ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
New York State ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Optimal Performance

New York State is expected to experience future population growth that is increasingly concentrated in urban areas, where there is already a heavy burden on the existing energy, water and waste management infrastructure. To meet aggressive environmental standards (such as that established by the State’s “80x50” goal), future electrical power capacity must produce substantially fewer greenhouse gas emissions than currently generated by coal- or natural gas-fired power plants. Currently, biogas is combusted to produce heat and electricity via an internal combustion engine generator set. A conventional internal combustion engine generator set is 22–45 % efficient in converting methane to electricity, thus wasting 65–78 % of the biogas energy content unless the lower temperature heat can be recovered. Fuel cells, on the other hand, are 40–60 % efficient in converting methane to electrical energy, and 80–90 % efficient for cogeneration if heat (> 400 °C) is recovered and utilized for heating and cooling in the community power system. This current research studies the feasibility of a community biomass-to-electricity power system which offers significant environmental, economic and resilience improvements over centrally-generated energy, with the additional benefit of reducing or eliminating disposal costs associated with landfills and publicly-owned treatment works (POTWs). Flame Fuel Cell (FFC) performance was investigated while modifying biogas content and fuel flow rate. A maximum power density peak at 748 mWcm-2 and an OCV of 0.856 V was achieved. It should be noted that the performance obtained with the model biofuel is comparable to the performances of direct methane fueled DC-SOFC and SC-SOFC. The common trends also concluded an acceptable range for optimal performance. Although the methane to CO2 ratios of 3:7 and 2:8 produced power, they are not the strongest ratios to have optimal performance, meaning that operation should stay between the 6:4/4:6 ratio range. Lastly, the amount of air added to the biogas mixture is crucial to achieving the optimal performance of the cell. The data obtained confirmed the feasibility of a biofuel driven fuel cell CHP device capable of achieving higher efficiency than existing technologies. The significant power output produced from the sustainable biogas composition is competitive with current hydrocarbon fuel sources. This idea can be expanded for a community waste management infrastructure.

scholarly journals The issue of improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide neutralization systems in diesel internal combustion engines

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
A.V. Shabanov ◽  
◽  
D.V. Kondratiev ◽  
V.K. Vanin ◽  
A.Yu. Dunin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Exhaust Gas

The most effective method of reducing nitrogen oxides in diesel exhaust gas is selective purifica-tion by the SCR-NH3 method. The method uses ammonia released during thermolysis and hydroly-sis of a urea solution when it is injected through a nozzle into a neutralizer. This method has a rela-tively low efficiency of cleaning the exhaust gas from nitrogen oxides. The main factor hindering the achievement of high efficiency of the NOx neutralization system is the insufficiently high tem-perature during the implementation of this process. The article analyzes various ways to increase the efficiency of the neutralization process and proposes a new method for neutralizing NOx by using urea injection into the cylinders of the inter-nal combustion engine at the expansion stroke in a diesel internal combustion engine. Efficiency can be achieved due to a higher exhaust gas temperature in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine and an increase in the time of the process of thermolysis and hydrolysis of urea. The kinetics of the decomposition of nitrogen oxides, the process of NH3 oxidation, and the cal-culation of temperature conditions in the cylinder of a diesel internal combustion engine at the ex-haust cycle are considered. The experience of neutralization of NOx contained in the flue gases of thermal power plants, where NOx purification takes place at high temperatures without the use of a catalyst, is analyzed. It is shown that the modernization of the SCR-NH3 process, due to the injection of urea at the exhaust stroke in a diesel internal combustion engine, will simplify the existing method of NOx neutralization and at the same time obtain additional advantages for a modern high-speed engine

scholarly journals Comparative Parameters Evaluation of Internal Combustion Engines Naturally Aspired and Supercharged With Hybrid Turbocharger

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiriac Rares ◽  
Anghel Chiru
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Technical Solutions

Abstract Internal combustion engines have an operating efficiency that can be exploited to increase their performance. Some of the waste gases can be recovered through technical solutions such as turbocharging. The turbocharging solution is one of the most popular technical solutions for increasing the energy performance of internal combustion engines. This requires an analysis of the energy balance of the internal combustion engine. This shows that there is a significant reserve of energy in the exhaust gases, which can be used to increase the engine efficiency. One solution is to use this energy to drive a turbine coupled with an electric generator. This article aims to present the result of the experimental research of the hybrid turbocharger, simulating and validating the new solutions for increasing the energy performance of internal combustion engines through hybrid turbochargers using a coupled electric generator. The simulations will be performed using AMESim software developed by Siemens to demonstrate through calculations the efficiency of new solutions, such as a hybrid turbocharger. The tests will be performed using an diesel internal combustion engine with a cylinder capacity of 1.9 liters which is also simulated with AMESim software. The residual exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine will drive the hybrid turbocharger turbine and generate electricity. Electricity can then be used for storage in the car battery or for consumption by the car's electrical system. The article also includes a comparative study between the power and torque of the naturally aspirated internal combustion engine equipped with a hybrid turbocharger.

scholarly journals INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNICAL MEANS OF QUALITY CONTROL RESTORATION OF SMALL-SIZED ENGINES

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-151
Author(s):  
Yuriy Paladiychuk ◽  
Inna Telyatnuk
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Functional Scheme

Mechanization of labor on small farms and individual farms is a very important issue of modern agriculture. The use of small agricultural machinery with a capacity of up to 16 kW is quite relevant today. Small-sized machinery is divided into: small 4-wheeled tractors, 2-wheeled motoblocks, cultivators, machines and equipment. With the help of this technique perform various agricultural and other types of work in crop production, horticulture, gardening on small plots, livestock and more. Despite its rather small size, small equipment also has various mechanisms that fail over time. Most often, the parts of the internal combustion engine fail. In general, the cost of repairing the internal combustion engine during operation may exceed the total cost of the engine by 5-6 times. Thus, there is a question of improving the system of technical service of engines of small tractors. This article considers the issue of increasing the efficiency of operation of internal combustion engines for small tractors, due to the effective conduct of after-sales or post-repair running-in and improving the maintenance system. Types of small-sized equipment are presented. The analysis of possible loading and speed modes of cold and hot running-in of internal combustion engines and means for their realization is carried out. Technical means for running-in and testing of internal combustion engines are analyzed. The following formulas are given for determination: smoke of exhaust gases at running-in of engines; light transmission of exhaust gases; speed control range; load torque; the content of harmful substances (Q) in the exhaust gases on the j-th components. The necessity of bench running-in of engines of small-sized agricultural machinery is substantiated. The functional scheme of the stand for running-in and testing of internal combustion engines is considered. The stages of cold and hot running-in of small-sized engines are described. With the help of the received information, the results are made and the analysis of methods of running-in of internal combustion engines of small-sized agricultural machinery is carried out.

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