AXILLARY NERVE SUPPLYING MOTOR BRANCH TO LONG HEAD OF TRICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Giridhar Dasegowda ◽  
Seema Shimoga Rangappa
Keyword(s):  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Axillary Nerve ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Motor Branch ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Triceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Long Head

All three heads of the triceps brachii are classically described as being innervated by the radial nerve in the textbooks. Some clinical observations of traumatic injuries of the axillary nerve with associated paralysis of the long head of triceps and cadaveric studies have suggested that the axillary nerve may innervate the long head of triceps. During routine dissection to undergraduate M.B.B.S students, we found axillary nerve giving a motor branch to long head of triceps brachii on right side, in an adult male cadaver aged about 60 years. We conducted extensive literature search to analyse the previous studies reporting such variations and the studies conducted on the radial nerve or triceps brachii innervation pattern. This variation is clinically important for surgeons, orthopedicians and anaesthetist while performing surgeries and pain management therapies on the upper limb.

Does the motor branch of the long head of the triceps brachii arise from the radial nerve?

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-P. de Sèze ◽  
J. Rezzouk ◽  
M. de Sèze ◽  
M. Uzel ◽  
B. Lavignolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Motor Branch ◽  
Long Head

scholarly journals A Unilateral Variation in Triceps Brachii Muscle Demonstrating a Fourth Head

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shveta Swami ◽  
Virendra Budhiraja ◽  
Deepak Sharma ◽  
Rimpi Gupta ◽  
Swati Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Posterior Compartment ◽  
Medial Head ◽  
Compression Syndrome ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Triceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
The Right ◽  
Neurovascular Bundles

Abstract Introduction Triceps brachii muscle is the only muscle of posterior compartment of arm, consisting of three heads—long, lateral, and medial. Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery run in the radial groove that separate lateral and medial head. Evolutionarily, triceps has many subheads which either fused or disappeared. Therefore, the knowledge of muscle is essential anthropologically and clinically, and this study aims to study the anatomical variations of triceps brachii muscle. Case Report In the present case, during routine dissections of undergraduate MBBS students, a fourth head of origin of triceps brachii muscle was seen in a male cadaver in the right arm. The variation was seen only unilaterally in cadaver. The origin was tendinous arising from the posteromedial aspect of upper part of the shaft of the humerus close to the surgical neck above the radial groove. This tendon was arching over the neurovascular bundle containing radial nerve and profunda brachii artery. Discussion and Conclusion The variations of triceps brachii muscles are mentioned in literature but are uncommon and if tendinous fourth head is present over the neurovascular bundles, it may lead to compression syndrome. Hence, these variations are of great importance to the radiologists, surgeons, and orthopaedicians while dealing with posterior compartment of arm.

scholarly journals Ulnar nerve contribution in the innervation of the triceps brachii muscle ulnar nerve to the triceps brachii

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 834-839
Author(s):  
DLR Silva ◽  
MP Barros ◽  
TGS Freire ◽  
L Firmino Júnior ◽  
WRB Almeida Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Terminal Branch ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Medial Head ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
Triceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Lateral Head

The ulnar nerve is considered the thickest terminal branch of the medial cord in the brachial plexus and most authors does not mention the possibility of this nerve emitting branches to the arm. However, some studies reported that the ulnar nerve could supply the medial head of triceps brachii muscle. The main objective in this study was identifying the presence of ulnar nerve branches in triceps brachii muscle. Sixty upper limbs of adult Brazilian corpses of both sexes were used. The estimated age was between 25 and 80 years old. Every studied piece had the nerves and their branches quantified and measured with a manual mechanic caliper. The branches were photographed and had the data registered in individual files. Were found ulnar nerve branches for all the heads of triceps brachii muscle: 1 branch (9,1%) to lateral head, 2 branches (18,1%) to long head and 8 branches (72,7%) to medial head. Thus, we can conclude that the contribution of ulnar nerve to triceps brachii muscle constitutes an important anatomical variation.Key words: Ulnar nerve; Triceps brachii muscle; Innervation.

scholarly journals Triceps motor branch transfer for isolated traumatic pediatric axillary nerve injuries

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey Chim ◽  
Michelle F. Kircher ◽  
Robert J. Spinner ◽  
Allen T. Bishop ◽  
Alexander Y. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Deltoid Muscle ◽  
Axillary Nerve ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Nerve Injuries ◽  
Motor Branch ◽  
Traumatic Injuries

OBJECT Transfer of the triceps motor branch has been used for treatment of isolated axillary nerve palsy in the adult population. However, there are no published data on the effectiveness of this procedure in the pediatric population with traumatic injuries. The authors reviewed demographics and outcomes in their series of pediatric patients who underwent this procedure. METHODS Six patients ranging in age from 10 to 17 years underwent triceps motor branch transfer for the treatment of isolated axillary nerve injuries between 4 and 8 months after the inciting injury. Deltoid muscle strength was evaluated using the modified British Medical Research Council (MRC) grading system. Shoulder abduction at last follow-up was measured. RESULTS The mean duration of follow-up was 38 months. The average postoperative MRC grading of deltoid muscle strength was 3.6 ± 1.3. The median MRC grade was 4. One patient who did not achieve an MRC grade of 3 suffered multiple injuries from high-velocity trauma. Unlike in the adult population, age, body mass index of the patient, and delay from injury to surgery were not significant factors affecting the outcome of the procedure. CONCLUSIONS In the pediatric population with traumatic injuries, isolated axillary nerve injury treated with triceps motor branch transfer can result in good outcomes.

Axillary nerve repair by triceps motor branch transfer through an axillary access: anatomical basis and clinical results

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayme Augusto Bertelli ◽  
Paulo Roberto Kechele ◽  
Marcos Antonio Santos ◽  
Hamilton Duarte ◽  
Marcos Flávio Ghizoni
Keyword(s):  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Axillary Nerve ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Motor Branch ◽  
Nerve Transfers ◽  
Anatomical Basis ◽  
Long Head

Object Grafting or nerve transfers to the axillary nerve have been performed using a deltopectoral approach and/or a posterior arm approach. In this report, the surgical anatomy of the axillary nerve was studied with the goal of repairing the nerve through an axillary access. Methods The axillary nerve was bilaterally dissected in 10 embalmed cadavers to study its variations. Three patients with axillary nerve injuries then underwent surgical repair through an axillary access; the axillary nerve was repaired by transfer of the triceps long head motor branch. Results At the lateral margin of the subscapularis muscle, the axillary nerve was found in the center of a triangle bounded medially by the subscapular artery, laterally by the latissimus dorsi tendon, and cephalad by the posterior circumflex humeral artery. At the entrance of the quadrangular space, the axillary nerve divisions were loosely connected to each other, and could be clearly separated and correctly identified. Surgery for the axillary nerve repair through the axillary access was straightforward. Eighteen months after surgery, all three patients had recovered deltoid strength to a score of M4 on the Medical Research Council scale and had improved abduction strength by 50%. No deficit was evident in elbow extension. Conclusions The axillary nerve and its branches can be safely dissected and repaired by triceps motor nerve transfer through an axillary access.

Feasibility of an endoscopic approach to the axillary nerve and the nerve to the long head of the triceps brachii with the help of the Da Vinci Robot

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Porto de Melo ◽  
J.C. Garcia ◽  
E.F. de Souza Montero ◽  
T. Atik ◽  
E.-G. Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Da Vinci ◽  
Axillary Nerve ◽  
Endoscopic Approach ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Da Vinci Robot ◽  
Long Head

scholarly journals Proximal avulsion fracture of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
M. Vansevenant ◽  
F.M. Vanhoenacker ◽  
T. Wauters
Keyword(s):  
Avulsion Fracture ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Triceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Long Head
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