scholarly journals Comparative study of accuracy of differential global positioning system (DGPS) and total station instruments

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Didigwu Augustus Ugonna Sunday ◽  
Ogbe David .O
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Total Station ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Optical Distance ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Similar Survey ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Land Using

Total Station and Global Positioning System (GPS) are two instruments used to fix position on the earth. The total station employs electro-optical distance meter method, emitting laser beams to a target and detecting light reflected off it by measuring the deviation of the wavelength of the reflected light. Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite for rapid position determination, its’ receiver calculates its position by precisely turning the signal sent by GPS satellite high above the earth. The study aims at the assessment of the two instruments: GPS and Total Station. To achieve this aim, two surveys were performed on the same parcel of land using the two instruments. In the first part of the survey, a closed-loop traverse was performed around a chosen parcel of land using a calibrated total station. The station determined only coordinates of points from where bearings and distances were extracted. Thereafter, DGPS equipment was then used to perform a similar survey as the total station. In this case, visible satellites were used to determine the coordinates of all the stations. The results of the two methods present the distances, bearings, and coordinates. The difference between each of the results was also analyzed. Thus the maximum average difference in distance of 5mm occurred throughout the chainage and maximum differences in the coordinate of 12mm Easting and 9mm Northing were found where there are tree covers. However, the study shows that even though the two instruments are good tools for positioning, each exhibited it’s own accuracy, efficiency, advantages and disadvantage.

Predictions of bird swing from GPS coordinates

Geophysics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. F119-F126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Davis ◽  
James Macnae ◽  
Greg Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Electromagnetic Response ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Airborne Electromagnetic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Vibration Noise

Bird attitudes, with roll, pitch, and yaw angles, are required for modeling the measured electromagnetic response of the earth. Global Positioning System (GPS) antennas can be used in airborne electromagnetic (AEM) systems to monitor airborne platform attitude and bird maneuver. We have found evidence from photographic sequences that four GPS antennas, three on the bird and one on the aircraft, generally are adequate for angular and altitude geometry control. The mounting system for the bird frame introduces vibration noise. We have developed a model that predicts bird maneuver from the use of GPS antennas already present during routine airborne surveys. The bird motion, whether inline or crossline, is modeled from the difference between the aircraft location and the mean location of the bird. This also accurately predicts the roll of the bird when an inline yoke mounting is used. The minimum number of GPS antennas required to monitor the motion of a cylindrical electromagnetic (EM) bird typical of frequency-domain systems is two, one on the aircraft and one on the bird. We have defined optimum locations of GPS antennas to enable geometric monitoring of towed-bird systems. The findings suggest that the bird be mounted with two aerodynamically efficient GPS antennas, one on the nose and one on the tail. This enables the measurement of the pitch and yaw of the bird, with roll deduced using the third GPS on the helicopter.

Activities: The Mathematics of the Global Positioning System

1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-460
Author(s):  
Gail D. Nord ◽  
David Jabon ◽  
John Nord
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Teacher's Guide

Teacher's Guide: The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a constellation of twenty-four satellites, orbiting approximately 20 200 km above sea level, that enable receivers to compute their position anywhere on the earth with remarkable accuracy. The mathematical theory and computation involved in the GPS are within the scope of the second-year-algebra curriculum. This activity illustrates an application of mathematics to modern navigation.

The Operational Status of NAVSTAR/GPS

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Lassiter ◽  
Bradford Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Timing Information ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Positioning

The NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system that will provide extremely accurate three-dimensional position fixes and timing information to properly equipped users anywhere on or near the Earth. The system will be available continuously regardless of weather conditions and will find extensive utilization in improved weapons delivery accuracies, range instrumentation, &c. Furthermore it will provide an ultimate saving in the number and cost of navigation and position-fixing systems currently employed or projected. It is a Joint Service programme managed by the U.S.A.F. with deputies from the Navy, Army and Marines and the Defense Mapping Agency. The system concept evolved from U.S.A.F. and Navy studies initiated in the mid-1960s. Current programme plans call for the deployment of six satellites in 1977 to permit demonstration and evaluation tests over the continental United States. The system will then be expanded through the deployment of additional satellites into an operational 24-satellite system.

scholarly journals The Application of Global Positioning System (GPS) in Mapping Survey of Historical and Archeological Site

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Khakhim
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Determination System ◽  
Archeological Site

Technical development of Global Positioning System (GPS) is the positional determination system of ground control point in the earth surface, which based on satellite. It leads to the significant influence on the methodological aspect of positional determination survey in the earth surface. Global Positioning System gives the three dimension position (X, K Z) or longitudinal, latitude and altitude which are formulated in the reference of World Geodetic System (WGS) in 1984. The data characteristic is the first data, which is required in the survey of limit mapping of historical and archeological site. This article tries to explain the possibility of using the technology of Global Positioning System (GPS) to map the archeological site which contains of potential, ohstacle, methodology and case study in Boko Prambanan temple area. It is also utilized to the possibility of using the Geographical Information System (GIS) to analyze the spatial existence site of environmental condition.

scholarly journals Comparison of elevation heights ussing a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) and a Total Station

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Marín ◽  
M. Balcazar ◽  
M. Ortiz ◽  
B. Steinich ◽  
J. A. Hernández-Espriu
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Differential Global Positioning System

Diferencias en elevación en un juego de 12 puntos diferentes fue determinado utilizando dos técnicas diferentes: estacional total y un sistema de GPS diferencial (utilizando tres receptores con tiempos de ocupación de 90 minutos por estación). Una comparativa entre los dos juegos de valores de la elevación dan una diferencia que varía de dos a 36 mm para una línea base de máximo 2,420 metros de distancia. Estos resultados demuestran que los levantamientos utilizando el sistema GPS diferencial pueden ser utilizados para realizar nivelaciones utilizando dicha técnica.

Improvement of Cadastral System: Scope in Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Susheel Dangol ◽  
Buong Yong Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Data Handling ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Participatory Gis ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Cadastral System

The cadastral system in Nepal is developing continuously with gradual speed. Cadastralsurvey started with chain survey and in due course of time, plane table survey was adopted for the survey in spite of its limitations in accuracy and time. Currently, total station has been practiced in few municipalities for this purpose. The paper focuses on the probability of modern data handling technology; Total station, Global Positioning System (GPS), Participatory GIS and Remote Sensing as the appropriate technology for the improvement of existing cadastral system of the country. Current situation of the cadastral system and the technology used, its shortcomings and the suitability of the proposed data handling technology are discussed in the paper. Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics -12, 2070 (2013AD): 19-24

Smart Wastage Monitoring System with Internet of Things Capability and Location Tracking

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 4318-4324
Author(s):  
H. K. Yogish ◽  
M. Niranjanamurthy ◽  
K. L. Abhishek
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Location Tracking ◽  
Global System ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Current Reality

Major significant challenge looked by the current reality is the developing measure of wastage (garbage) produced each day. Because of urbanization, population explosion and ill-advised methods for waste gathering, waste is being created on an enormous size. Hazardous infections, decrease in the nature of style in the earth, air and water contamination are for the most part resultant issues of unattended wastage primarily because of carelessness in wastage assortment. Hence, there are various accessible advances which go for successful accumulation of waste. In this paper, IoT have been utilized to handle smart wastage bins which are used to gather wastage and avoid it from spilling over. Global Positioning System (GPS), Arduino UNO microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module chip and Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) has incorporated into a framework to employ these wastage bins.

scholarly journals Kajian Perbandingan Luas Hasil Pengukuran Bidang Tanah Menggunakan GPS RTK-Radio dan RTK-NTRIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Rizki Irianto ◽  
Farouki Dinda Rassarandi
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Gps Rtk

Dengan berkembangnya teknologi dalam survei pemetaan seperti halnya penggunaan GPS Geodetik, maka penerapan dari teknologi untuk kebutuhan survei perlu memperhatikan faktor-faktor tertentu seperti ketersediaan alat, sumber daya manusia hingga kondisi lapangan. GPS atau biasa dikenal dengan Global Positioning System merupakan teknologi/alat atau sistem yang memberikan informasi berupa posisi kepada pengguna secara global dan real-time di permukaan bumi yang berbasis data satelit. Dengan teknologi tersebut diperoleh ketelitian yang tinggi dengan waktu yang singkat dalam penentuan sebuah posisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketelitian hasil pengukuran luas bidang tanah menggunakan teknologi GPS RTK-Radio dan GPS RTK NTRIP sebagai sikap pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap daerah dengan obstruksi dan tanpa obstruksi fisik. Nantinya, dari penelitian ini diperoleh nilai-nilai koordinat (X,Y) dari GPS RTK-NTRIP maupun RTK-Radio, yang kemudian dihitung luasnya dan dibandingkan dari hasil pengukuran menggunakan ETS (Electronic Total Station) terhadap standar ketelitian luas dari BPN. Hasil perhitungan selisih luas lahan baik dengan obstruksi secara fisik maupun tidak, masih masuk dalam toleransi ketelitian BPN, walaupun untuk lahan yang terdapat obstruksi fisik memiliki selisih antara pengukuran menggunakan GPS dan ETS yang cukup besar yaitu hampir mencapai 5 m2.

scholarly journals TONGKAT ISTIWA‘, GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) DAN GOOGLE EARTH UNTUK MENENTUKAN TITIK KOORDINAT BUMI DAN APLIKASINYA DALAM PENENTUAN ARAH KIBLAT

Al-Ahkam ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Anisah Budiwati
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Spherical Trigonometry ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Positioning

<p>There are at least three ways to determine the position or the coordinates of a spot on the Earth's surface. They are: istiwa' sticks, Global Positioning System (GPS), and Google Earth. Istiwa' stick is used without technology operations, while GPS and Google Earth are used with technology. Until now, the use of GPS and Google Earth is still a passively consumptive, without their critical analytical effort. This qualitative research using descriptive analytic mathematical methods. The objective of this study is the to know the theory, applications, and accuracy of the istiwa' stick, GPS, and Google Earth comparatively. The study found that the istiwa' stick is one of the alternatives way to determine the coordinates of the Earth which uses the theory of spherical trigonometry calculations simply without assistance. Whereas GPS and Google Earth use principles of geodetic scientifically. In terms of applications, the most practical and accurate is GPS,<br />and then followed by Google Earth, and the last is istiwa' stick.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong></strong>Setidaknya ada tiga cara untuk menentukan posisi atau titik koordinat suatu tempat di permukaan Bumi, yaitu tongkat istiwa’, Global Positioning System (GPS), dan Google Earth. Tongkat istiwa’ digunakan tanpa bantuan teknologi, sedangkan GPS dan Google Earth digunakan dengan teknologi. Sampai saat ini, penggunaan GPS maupun Google Earth masih bersifat konsumtif pasif, tanpa adanya upaya analitis kritis. Penelitian<br />kualitatif ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik matematis. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui teori, aplikasi, maupun akurasi tongkat istiwa’, GPS, dan Google<br />Earth secara komparatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tongkat istiwa’ adalah salah satu alternatif penentuan titik koordinat Bumi yang menggunakan teori perhitungan<br />spherical trigonometry secara sederhana tanpa bantuan, sedangkan GPS dan Google Earth menggunakan prinsip keilmuan geodesi yang lebih teliti. Dari segi aplikasi, yang<br />paling praktis dan akurat adalah GPS. Kemudian disusul Google Earth, dan tongkat istiwa’.</p>

scholarly journals Algoritma Adaptif Sistem Downlink Menggunakan Recursive Least Square (RLS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Agus Basukesti ◽  
Bangga Dirgantara
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Recursive Least Square ◽  
Rls Algorithm ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Downlink System ◽  
Simulation Results

GPS (Global Positioning System) is the popular system for navigation which assistance 32 satellites orbiting the earth. Currently, tracking positions using the Global Positioning System (GPS) is one of the best positioning tracking methods. However, GPS has a lot o f noise, so filters are needed to handle with noise on GPS. In this research, the simulation is done to extract data from GPS sensors using RLS algorithm. From the results o f identification and simulation, it can be concluded that the algorithm works well and need to analyze the advantages and disadvantages to be implemented on the downlink system designed. From the simulation results obtained that error estimation is convergent that is the longer the smaller.

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