Physiological and biochemical parameters of Ficus species and cultivars under dehydration conditions on the Southern coast of the Crimea

The results of the studies of proline content, peroxidase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase activity and chlorophyll fluorescence induction (ChFI) parameters in leaves of Ficus species and cultivars under controlled dehydration conditions are presented. It was shown that the ChFI parameters, the most sensitive to the lack of water availability, are the characteristics of the chlorophyll fluorescence fast phase. Proline content, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity can be used to addition diagnose of drought resistance of the plants of the genus Ficus. The cultivars Sabrutsiya Rozovaya, Sary Stambulskij and the species F. palmata are relatively drought tolerant.

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Physiological and biochemical parameters of apricot varieties characterized by various drought resistance

Horticulture and viticulture ◽

10.31676/0235-2591-2020-1-23-28 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

I. N. Paliy ◽

T. B. Gubanova ◽

A. E. Paliy

Keyword(s):

Polyphenol Oxidase ◽

Oxidase Activity ◽

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Fluorescence Induction ◽

Proline Content ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽

Polyphenol Oxidase Activity ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Age Related

The aim of the presented work was to identify the peculiarities of the photosynthetic apparatus, the activity of redox enzymes and proline content in apricot varieties with different drought tolerance. Four apricot varieties such as Kazachok, Nagycorosi Orias, Khurmai and Krymsky Amur were used as objects of the studies. To determine the effect of drought on the state of the photosynthetic apparatus, a series of experiments was carried out to analyze chlorophyll fluorescence induction (ChFI) parameters, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity and proline content in apricot leaves. It was found out that in summer 2018, when the amount of precipitation exceeded the climatic norm, during the period of the maximum drought probability, catalase activity decreased, polyphenol oxidase activity increased or was unchanged and the proline content did not change significantly. Extremely arid conditions in summer 2019 resulted in peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activation and a decrease in the proline concentration in all the studied apricot varieties. However, the drought tolerant variety Nagycorosi Orias was characterized by the most stable indexes of peroxidase activity during the entire experiment. A decrease in the leaf tissue hydration was the reason for the increase in the base fluorescence and the decrease in the correlation index of the rate constants of photochemical and nonphotochemical deactivation of excitation in PS 2. In the drought tolerant varieties Nagycorosi Orias and Kazachok changes in the ChFI parameters were reversible. It has been demonstrated that disturbances during primary photosynthetic processes were most pronounced during the restoration of turgidity. It was revealed that the most sensitive parameters of ChFI in apricot are the characteristics of the fast phase. A decrease in reparative abilities in the midsummer was probably associated with age-related changes in leaves and fruit load.

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Drought resistance of hard wheat cultivars measured by a rapid chlorophyll fluorescence test

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600044257 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 104 (3) ◽

pp. 501-504 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

M. Havaux ◽

R. Lannoye

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Fluorescence Induction ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽

Quenching Rate ◽

Simple Method ◽

Hard Wheat ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Resistant Varieties ◽

Slow Fluorescence Induction

SummaryDisks of hard wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) leaves subjected to rapid desiccation over 4 h showed noticeable changes in the shape of the in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves. In drought-sensitive varieties (such as Claridoc), water stress resulted in a strong inhibition of the slow fluorescence induction transients. In particular, the fluorescence quenching rate was markedly decreased in water-stressed leaf disks. In contrast, leaves of drought-resistant varieties (such as Aouedj) showed only minor changes in chlorophyll fluorescence. The results of this investigation suggest that the slow transient of the in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence induction phenomenon may provide a simple method for selecting drought-tolerant wheats.

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Effect of multilayer nylon packages on the oxidative damage of minimally processed yam

BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY ◽

10.1590/1981-6723.09017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Adriano do Nascimento Simões ◽

Daniel Gomes Coelho ◽

Kelem Silva Fonseca ◽

Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior ◽

Sergio Luiz Ferreira-Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Damage ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Polyphenol Oxidase ◽

Oxidase Activity ◽

Quality Loss ◽

Minimally Processed ◽

Polyphenol Oxidase Activity ◽

Processed Products ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

Abstract Appropriate storage packaging is an important aspect to minimize physiological deterioration and enhance the shelf-life of minimally processed products. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate the physiological and biochemical changes associated with the quality loss of minimally processed yam, maintained in two different packages at 5 ± 2 °C. The yam roots were selected, washed and conserved at 8 ± 2 °C for 24 hours. They were then peeled and cut into slices about 3 cm thick and minimally processed. Approximately 300 g of minimally processed yam roots were packed in polypropylene (PP, 4 μm thick) and multilayer nylon (NY, 15 μm thick) 15 cm wide x 20 cm long bags, which were stored at 5 ± 2 °C for 14 days. The minimally processed yam conserved in PP packaging presented fluorescence on the surface of the segments, characteristic symptoms of Pseudomonas spp., and showed higher peroxidase and catalase activities. The nylon packaging was more efficient in reducing oxidative damage and also inhibited polyphenol oxidase activity and decreased the accumulation of soluble proteins, resulting in decreased deterioration during storage. Thus, the quality of the minimally processed yam maintained in NY packaging was conserved for 14 days at 5 ± 2 °C.

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Physiological and biochemical parameters of apricot cultivars under drought conditions on the Southern Coast of the Crimea

Plant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation ◽

10.36305/2712-7788-2020-2-155-102-111 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 102-111

Author(s):

I. N. Paliy ◽

T. B. Gubanova ◽

A. E. Paliy ◽

E. A. Melkozerova ◽

N. V. Mesyats ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Prunus Armeniaca ◽

Fluorescence Induction ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽

Southern Coast ◽

Resistant Cultivars ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Water Restoration ◽

The Crimea ◽

Drought Resistant

In order to determine special features of the photosynthetic apparatus activity and the content of thread compounds in various apricot cultivars during the period of maximum drought probability on the Southern Coast of the Crimea, we studied the concentration of proline, phenolic compounds and chlorophylls, as well as the parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence induction (CFI) in some apricot cultivars ( Prunus armeniaca Lam.), characterized by various degree of drought tolerance (‘Alupkinsky’, ‘Krymskiy Amur’) are weakly resistant; Khurmai cultivar is characterized by labile resistance, and the cultivars Kazachok, Professor Smykov, Nagycorosi Orias are drought tolerant cultivars). It has been found out that drought-resistant cultivars are characterized by a relatively low content of proline in their leaves. It is supposed that this amino acid is involved in the protective reactions of apricot plants under water stress. The results of the photosynthetic apparatus studies in the presented cultivars demonstrated that in leaves, water loss less than 20% caused reversible changes in the parameters of CFI. An increase in the water deficit up to 25-30% caused the destruction of PS2 in weakly drought-resistant cultivars. The most stable photosynthetic apparatus activity was noticed in the cultivar Nagycorosi Orias. Deviations in photosynthesis processes were most pronounced during the period of water restoration in leaves.

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