scholarly journals Chronic bronchopulmonary diseases in children with bronchial obstruction syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
V. K. Kozlov ◽  
O. A. Lebed’ko ◽  
N. V. Morozova ◽  
S. V. Pichugina ◽  
E. I. Yakovlev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Diseases ◽  
Bronchial Dysplasia

Introduction. The results of long-term observations of children with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases occurring with bronchoobstructive syndrome and poorly responding to standard therapy are presented. To optimize treatment, it is necessary to accurately determine the nosological variant of the pathology, to identify the main causes of the formation of dysontogenetic disorders.Aim. To study the main nosological options and clinical and diagnostic criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in children to justify an individual approach to treatment and follow-up.Materials and methods. 148 children with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases occurring with bronchial obstruction syndrome (excluding bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis) were exаmined according to the differential diagnostic algorithm developed by us, including anamnestic, clinical, X-ray, functional and morphological methods.Results. The main group of 148 cases consisted of 73 children (49,3%) with lung malformations with insufficiency of the muscular-elastic and cartilaginous framework of the trachea and bronchi, local malformations, with impaired lung growth and development, causing bronchial obstruction. Acquired variants of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in children were noted by us in the form of chronic obstructive bronchitis (25.2%) and in the outcome of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (11.5%), chronic obliterating bronchiolitis (6.1%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (0.7%). Acquired local forms of obstruction (foreign object, scar stenosis, tumors) were noted in 4.5% of cases. Hereditary lung diseases, including primary ciliary dyskinesia, were detected in 2.7% of cases.Conclusion. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases are diseases of various etiology and pathogenesis that occur at an early age in children with perinatal disorders against the background of various lung malformations, bronchial dysplasia, lung tissue malformations and are the pathomorphological basis for the further formation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adult patients.

scholarly journals Magnesium serum and urine concentration in patients with acute and chronic pulmonary disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljudmila Nagorni-Obradovic ◽  
Svetlana Ignjatovic ◽  
Vesna Petrovic ◽  
Marija Mitic-Milikic
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Serum And Urine

In this study we determined magnesium concentration in serum and in 24-hour urine, at the start (To) and at the end of treatment (T1), in 56 patients with acute pulmonary disease (B1) and in 58 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD (B2). In group B1 there was disbalance of Mg in serum in 14-25% patients at the start of treatment (To) which decreased significantly at the end of treatment (T1) and persisted in 4-7.1% patients (p < 0.05). In group B2 distribution of normal, decreased and increased values of Mg in serum was similar in patients in period To and T1 (p > 0.05). In group B1, 9 (16.1%) patients had hypomagnesemia at the start of treatment (To), which was accompanied by increased concentration of Mg in 24-hour urine of only 4 (7.2%) patients. There is a possibility that there was extrarenal elimination of Mg in patients with acute pulmonary disease or there was some kind of transcellular distribution. In group B2 in period To, there was proportional ratio between hypomagnesemia (12-20.7% patients) and increased concentration of Mg in 24-hour urine (20 -34.5% patients). This could be because of renal loss. Simultaneous determination and follow up of magnesium in serum and in 24-hour urine can give us reliable information about homeostasis of this electrolyte in acute and chronic pulmonary diseases.

Abstract 13621: Predictors of Short-term and Long-term Clinical Outcomes After an Acute Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter Admission

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Yi Anna Ne ◽  
Tu Nguyen ◽  
Stuart Thomas ◽  
Joanne Han ◽  
Emma Charlston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Westmead Hospital

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity globally. This study aims to identify predictors of AF-related rehospitalization following an acute AF/flutter admission. Methods: Patients admitted to Westmead Hospital with a primary diagnosis of AF/flutter from 1 May 2014 to 31 May 2018 were included and followed up until 31 May 2019. We defined AF-related rehospitalization as an admission due to recurrent AF/flutter, congestive heart failure, stroke and/or myocardial infarction. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of 30-day outcomes. Cox regression was used to identify independent predictors of long-term outcomes: first AF-related rehospitalization or all-cause mortality. Results: Of 1664 consecutive patients admitted with AF/flutter, 55.8% were male and the median age was 68.0. At 30 days, 123 (7.4%) had an AF-related readmission (110 for AF/flutter and 13 for other cardiovascular outcomes). During a mean follow-up period of 2.1 ± 1.5 years, 683 (41.0%) of patients had at least one AF-related rehospitalization (38.1%, n=634) or died (2.9%, n=49). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.07 - 3.50) was an independent predictor of 30-day AF-related rehospitalization. Age (HR 1.01, 95% CI 1.01 - 1.02 for each additional year), initial admission via emergency (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.08 - 1.54), CKD (HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.24 - 2.18), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.09 - 1.83) and the presence of additional comorbidities (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.04 - 1.83) were independent predictors of first AF-related rehospitalization or death (all p <0.05). Conclusion: AF-related rehospitalization is common following an acute AF/flutter admission. AF/flutter patients with comorbidities, particularly renal and pulmonary diseases, are at high risk of readmission. Such patients could be targeted for increased surveillance and additional post-discharge support to prevent readmission.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the nocturnal desaturation waveform pattern of SpO2 in COPD patients: an observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asuka Yoshizaki ◽  
Tatsuya Nagano ◽  
Shintaro Izumi ◽  
Teruaki Nishiuma ◽  
Kyosuke Nakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Periodic Pattern ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Disease Exacerbation ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Portable Monitor ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Waveform Pattern

Abstract Background Nocturnal desaturation is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and impacts disease exacerbation and prognosis. In our previous study, we developed a diagnostic algorithm to classify nocturnal desaturation from SpO2 waveform patterns based on data from patients receiving home oxygen therapy. In this study, we aimed to investigate nocturnal desaturation in patients with COPD based on SpO2 waveform patterns and the associations between the waveforms and clinical data. Methods We investigated patients diagnosed with COPD and measured SpO2 and nasal airflow with a type 4 portable long-term recordable pulse oximeter. Then, we classified the SpO2 waveforms with the algorithm and compared the clinical data. Results One hundred fifty-three patients (136 male and 17 female) were analysed. One hundred twenty-eight of the 153 (83.7%) patients had nocturnal desaturation, with an intermittent pattern (70.6%), sustained pattern (13.1%) and periodic pattern (68.0%). Intriguingly, desaturation with an intermittent pattern was associated with the apnoea-hypopnea index obtained with the portable monitor, and desaturation with a sustained pattern was associated with the cumulative percentage of time at a SpO2 below 90%. Conclusions We found that nocturnal desaturation was frequently observed in patients with COPD and could be classified into 3 types of waveform patterns.

scholarly journals HEALTH OUTCOMES IN COPD SMOKERS USING HEATED TOBACCO PRODUCTS: A 3-YEAR FOLLOW-UP

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Polosa ◽  
JB Morjaria ◽  
U Prosperini ◽  
B Busà ◽  
A Pennisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Impact ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Exacerbations ◽  
Copd Patients

ABSTRACTBackgroundGiven that many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) smoke despite their symptoms, it is important to understand the long term health impact of cigarette substitution with heated tobacco products (HTPs). We monitored health parameters for 3-years in COPD patients who substantially attenuated or ceased cigarette consumption after switching to HTPs.MethodsChanges in daily cigarette smoking, annualized disease exacerbations, lung function indices, patients reported outcomes (CAT scores) and 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) from baseline were measured in COPD patients using HTPs at 12, 24 and 36 months. These were compared to a group of age- and sex-matched COPD patients who continued smoking.ResultsComplete data sets were available for 38 patients (19 in each group). Subjects using HTPs had a substantial decrease in annualized COPD exacerbations within the group mean (±SD) from 2.1 (±0.9) at baseline to 1.4 (±0.8), 1.2 (±0.8) and 1.3 (±0.8) at 12-, 24- and 36-month follow-up (p<0.05 for all visits). In addition, substantial and clinically significant improvements in CAT scores and 6MWD were identified at all 3 time points in the HTP cohort. No significant changes were observed in COPD patients who continued smoking.ConclusionsThis study is the first to describe the long-term health effects of HTP use in COPD patients. Consistent improvements in respiratory symptoms, exercise tolerance, quality of life, and rate of disease exacerbations were observed in patients with COPD who abstained from smoking or substantially reduced their cigarette consumption by switching to HTP use.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases: pathophysiological processes and treatment tactics

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
L. G. Ambatiello ◽  
I. E. Chazova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Global Aging

Due to the global aging of the population, the deteriorating ecology and lifestyle changes, patients with isolated cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are becoming less common, and the portrait of a comorbid patient comes first in the structure of patients with CVD. Among a number of diseases complicating and concomitant with cardiovascular, a special place is occupied by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The prevalence of COPD among CVD patients can reach 60%. Many of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying COPD can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and vice versa. The most common cases of COPD are arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Given the close relationship between COPD and CVD, it is clear that treatment for one condition can affect another. This review discusses current positions about the influence of both groups of diseases on each other, and also observes the effects of drug therapy of both diseases.

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