scholarly journals Towards next generation cyber-physical systems and digital twins for construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 505-525
Author(s):  
Abiola A. Akanmu ◽  
Chimay J. Anumba ◽  
Omobolanle O. Ogunseiju
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Virtual Design ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Digital Twins

The construction industry continues to seek innovative ways to safely, timely and cost-effectively deliver construction projects. Several efforts have been made to automate construction processes but marginial success has been achieved in effectively reducing the long standing risks suffered by the industry. While industry 4.0 promises to improve project efficiency, reduce waste and improve productivity, the transition to this will depend on the successful adoption of many emerging technologies such as virtual design modeling technologies, sensing technologies, data analysis, storage and communication technologies, human-computer interaction technologies, and robotics. To accelerate innovation, digital twins and cyber-physical systems will be a necessity to advance automation and real-time control with these technologies. While digital twin represents a digital replica of the asplanned and as-built facility, cyber physical systems involve integration of physical systems with their digital replica through sensors and actuators. Despite evidence of the efficacy of cyber-physical systems and digital twins for reducing non-fatal injuries, enhancing safety management, improving progress monitoring and enhancing performance monitoring and control of facilities, their adoption in the construction industry is still in its infancy. This paper sheds light on the opportunities offered by cyber-physical systems and digital twins in other industry sectors and advocates for their increased deployment in the construction industry. This paper describes cyber-physical integration of emerging technologies with the physical construction or constructed facility as the next generation digital twin and cyber-physical systems. Potential scenarios of next generation cyber physical system and digital twin for improving workforce productivity, health, and safety, lifecycle management of building systems, and workforce competency are presented.

scholarly journals Creation of a chemical-technological system digital twin using the Python language

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (91) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Maksim I. Dli ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina A. Vlasova ◽  
Andrey M. Sokolov ◽  
Elvira V. Morgunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Technological System ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Digital Twins

Currently, when modeling complex technological processes in cyber-physical systems, procedures for creating so-called "digital twins" (DT) have become widespread. DT are virtual copies of real objects which reflect their main properties at various stages of the life cycle. The use of digital twins allows real-time monitoring of the current state of the simulated system, and also provides additional opportunities for engineering and deeper customization of its components to improve the quality of products. The development of the "digital twin" technology is facilitated by the ongoing Fourth Industrial Revolution, which is characterized by the massive introduction of cyber-physical systems into production process. These systems are based on the use of the latest technologies for data processing and presentation and have a complex structure of information chain between its components. When creating digital twins of such systems elements, it is advisable to use programming languages, that allow visualization of simulated processes and provide a convenient and developed apparatus for working with complex mathematical dependencies. The Python programming language has similar characteristics. In the article, as an example of a cyber- physical system, a chemical-technological system based on a horizontal-grate machine is considered. This system is designed to implement the process of producing pellets from the apatite-nepheline ore mining wastes. The article describes various aspects of creating a digital twin of its elements that carry out the chemical-technological drying process in relation to a single pellet. The digital twin is implemented using the Python 3.7.5 programming language and provides the visualization of the process in the form of a three-dimensional interactive model. Visualization is done using the VPython library. The description of the digital twin software operation algorithm is given, as well as the type of the information system interface, the input and output information type, the results of modeling the investigated chemical-technological process. It is shown that the developed digital twin can be used in three versions: independently (Digital Twin Prototype), as an instance of a digital twin (Digital Twin Instance), and also as part of a digital twins set (Digital Twin Aggregate).

Introduction to the Special Issue on Decentralized Blockchain Applications and Infrastructures for Next Generation Cyber-Physical Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Kkwang Raymond Choo ◽  
Uttam Ghosh ◽  
Deepak Tosh ◽  
Reza M. Parizi ◽  
Ali Dehghantanha
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Physical Systems

scholarly journals Using AutomationML and Graph-Based Design Languages for Automatic Generation of Digital Twins of Cyber-Physical Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai Beisheim ◽  
Markus Kiesel ◽  
Markus Linde ◽  
Tobias Ott
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Process Simulations ◽  
Design Languages

The interdisciplinary development of smart factories and cyber-physical systems CPS shows the weaknesses of classical development methods. For example, the communication of the interdisciplinary participants in the development process of CPS is difficult due to a lack of cross-domain language comprehension. At the same time, the functional complexity of the systems to be developed increases and they act operationally as independent CPSs. And it is not only the product that needs to be developed, but also the manufacturing processes are complex. The use of graph-based design languages offers a technical solution to these challenges. The UML-based structures offer a cross-domain language understanding for all those involved in the interdisciplinary development process. Simulations are required for the rapid and successful development of new products. Depending on the functional scope, graphical simulations of the production equipment are used to simulate the manufacturing processes as a digital factory or a virtual commissioning simulation. Due to the high number of functional changes during the development process, it makes sense to automatically generate the simulation modelling as digital twins of the products or means of production from the graph-based design languages. The paper describes how digital twins are automatically generated using AutomationML according to the Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) or the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture (IIRA).

Validity Frame Supported Digital Twin Design of Complex Cyber-Physical Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert Van Acker ◽  
Joost Mertens ◽  
Paul De Meulenaere ◽  
Joachim Denil
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Digital Twin

Cloud-Based Testing for Context-Aware Cyber-Physical Systems

2014 ◽  
pp. 1851-1877
Author(s):  
Christian Berger
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Development Tools ◽  
Testing Approach ◽  
The University

Cloud-based applications like email services or office suites enable real-time collaboration and traceability for shared data from nearly anywhere by using a modern web-browser. Thus, a significant shift has happened to these common applications to focus only on their usage than on their maintenance. However, today’s software development projects spend a noteworthy amount of resources to setup and maintain necessary development tools–over and over again. Thus, a similar shift for these development tools in the future would enable to spend valuable resources more on the actual project’s goals than on the tools’ maintenance. Especially development projects for cyber-physical systems, which interact with the real life’s surroundings by relying on sensors and actuators, have specific needs when using cloud-based solutions. In this contribution, preconditions, design decisions, and limitations of a cloud-based testing approach for CPS are outlined and discussed on the example “Hesperia.” “Hesperia” bases on the experiences from the development of “Caroline”–an autonomously driving vehicle for the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge. “Hesperia” as a cloud-based testing approach was tested 2009 during the development of an autonomously driving vehicle at the University of California, Berkeley.

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