scholarly journals Analysis of vibration of beams with regularly located openings

Author(s):  
А.И. Притыкин

В справочной литературе содержатся расчетные зависимости для частот свободных колебаний балок со сплошной стенкой, но отсутствуют данные по собственным колебаниям перфорированных балок. В то же время в судостроении и строительной практике широко распространены балки с перфорированной стенкой, содержащей вырезы круглой, овальной и прямоугольной формы. В статье проведен анализ влияния вырезов на частоту свободных колебаний перфорированных свободно опертых балок. При этом первоначально рассматривались балки со сплошной стенкой, а затем балки таких же размеров с вырезами. Для удобства практических вычислений известная зависимость была трансформирована к виду, позволяющему оценить частоту колебаний только по соотношению площадей полки и стенки и габаритным размерам балки без необходимости определения ее момента инерции и погонной массы. Аналогичные зависимости были получены и для перфорированных балок с круглыми и прямоугольными вырезами, в которых дополнительными факторами являлись параметры перфорации: относительная высота вырезов и относительная ширина перемычек. При отсутствии вырезов формулы для перфорированных балоксводятся к формуле для балки со сплошной стенкой.Сравнительный анализ частот проводился путем расчета по аналитическим зависимостям и методом конечных элементов с использованием программного комплекса ANSYS. На основе проведенного анализа сделан вывод, что наличие регулярно расположенных вырезов с высотой, не превышающей рекомендации Морского Регистра РФ, в зависимости от параметров перфорации приводит к разному повышению частот собственных колебаний однопролетных балок, хотя степень их повышения невелика. Предложенные аналитические зависимости для балок разного конструктивного оформления удовлетворительно согласуются с результатами расчетов МКЭ. In manual on the ship structural mechanics the analytical relations for determination of the natural frequencies of the beams with solid web are given, but there are no data about proper vibration of perforated beams. At the same time in shipbuilding and in structural industry the perforated beams with circular, rectangular and oval openings are widely used. In this article the analysis of influence of openings on the natural frequencies of the simply supported perforated beams is performed. Initially it was considered beams with solid web and then beams of the same dimensions with openings. For commodity of practical calculations, the well-known relation was transformed to the form allowing to appreciate frequency of vibration only with knowledge of ratio of areas of shelves and web without necessity of finding their moment of inertia and running mass of beam. Similar relations were obtained for perforated beams with circular and rectangular openings, in which additional arguments were such parameters of perforation as related depth of openings and related width of web-posts. In case of absence of openings, the formulas for perforated beams are reduced to formula for beam with solid web. Comparative analysis was performed by calculations according to analytical relations and with the finite element method using the program complex ANSYS. On base of performed analysis it was made conclusion that existence of regularly located openings with depth not extending recommendations of Russian Maritime Register, in dependence on parameters of perforation brings to different increasing of natural frequencies of vibration of one span beams, although degree of this increasing is not high. Suggested analytical relations for beams of different constructive design are in a good correlation with results obtained by the finite element method.

Author(s):  
Kenneth Carroll ◽  
Ernesto Gutierrez-Miravete

When a simply supported composite plate is subjected to a lateral load, the presence of the twist coupling stiffnesses in the governing differential equations of equilibrium does not allow the determination of an exact solution for the deflection and numerical methods must be used. This paper describes a comparison of computed approximations to the deflection of composite laminates subjected to transverse loading obtained using the Ritz method and the finite element method. The Ritz method is implemented with the symbolic manipulation program Maple and ANSYS is used to perform the finite element calculations. Reliable results are obtained using both methods.


Author(s):  
J. Poirier ◽  
P. Radziszewski

The natural frequencies of circular saws limit the operating speeds of the saws. Current industry methods of increasing natural frequency include pretensioning, where plastic deformation is induced into the saw. To better model the saw, the finite element model is compared to current software for steel saws; C-SAW, a software program that calculates frequencies for stiffened circular saws. Using C-SAW and the finite element method the results are compared and the finite element method is validated for steel saws.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
T. Makovkina ◽  
◽  
M. Surianinov ◽  
O. Chuchmai ◽  
◽  
...  

Analytical, experimental and numerical results of determination of natural frequencies and forms of oscillations of reinforced concrete and fiber concrete beams are given. Modern analytical, numerical and experimental methods of studying the dynamics of reinforced concrete and fiber concrete beams are analyzed. The problem of determining the natural frequencies and forms of oscillations of reinforced concrete and fiber concrete beams at the initial modulus of elasticity and taking into account the nonlinear diagram of deformation of materials is solved analytically. Computer modeling of the considered constructions in four software complexes is done and the technique of their modal analysis on the basis of the finite element method is developed. Experimental researches of free oscillations of the considered designs and the comparative analysis of all received results are carried out. It is established that all involved complexes determine the imaginary frequency and imaginary form of oscillations. The frequency spectrum calculated by the finite element method is approximately 4% lower than that calculated analytically; the results of the calculation in SOFiSTiK differ by 2% from the results obtained in the PC LIRA; the discrepancy with the experimental data reaches 20%, and all frequencies calculated experimentally, greater than the frequencies calculated analytically or by the finite element method. This rather significant discrepancy is explained, according to the authors, by the incorrectness of the used dynamic model of the reinforced beam. The classical dynamics of structures is known to be based on the theory of linear differential equations, and the oscillations of structures are considered in relation to the unstressed initial state. It is obvious that in the study of free and forced oscillations of reinforced concrete building structures such an approach is unsuitable because they are physically nonlinear systems. The concept of determining the nonlinear terms of these equations is practically not studied. Numerous experimental researches and computer modeling for the purpose of qualitative and quantitative detection of all factors influencing a spectrum of natural frequencies of fluctuations are necessary here.


2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Rivis ◽  
V.S. Melnyk ◽  
M.V. Rivis ◽  
K.V. Zombor

The aim of the study. Carry out a comparative analysis of the support ability of human jaw bone tissue in monocortical and bicortical installation of a mini-implant of own design OMG. Research methods. In order to study biomechanical characteristics of developed OMG mini-implant and bone tissue capacity during monocortical and bicortical installation, the finite element method (MSE) was used. The scheme and finite element 2-D model of bicortical installation of OMG mini-implant (length 8 mm, diameter 1.8 mm) provided full penetration through one layer of cortical bone equal to 1 mm, the entire cancellous bone and immersion in the second layer of cortical bone by 0, 5 mm. No implantation was immersed in the second cortical layer of bone during monocortical installation. A single force load of 1 N was applied in the horizontal direction parallel to the cortical plate of the bone. Results of the study. One of the most important factors leading to the success of the use of a mini-implant is its stability in the process of orthodontic treatment. Quite a high level of failure in the monocortical installation of mini-screws has led to the search for better methods to ensure the stability of their use. This was a bicortical method of fixation, based on the placement of the minig screw in the thickness of the two cortical plates of the jaws. Area for such installation of mini-screws can be a site of a palate and alveolar sprouts at installation of miniimplants through all its thickness. As shown by our data on the use of the finite element method under the force load of the biomechanical system "bone - mini-implant", the stress concentration zone is located in the area of the cortical bone of the jaw. The results of the calculation of the maximum stresses (σmax, MPa) and the maximum possible displacements (umax, mm) of the mini-implant in the biomechanical system "bone - mini-implant" in monocortical installation were, respectively, 8.27 MPa and 0.300 * 10-8 mm and in bicortical installation 6.00 MPa and 0.201 * 10-8 mm. The bicortical method of fixing the mini-implant in the jaw bones significantly increases the ability to resist deformation of this type of biomechanical system under force loads of the mini-implant. In the bicortical method of mini-implant placement, the extreme values of equivalent according to Mises stresses in the upper part of the cortical bone of the jaw are reduced by 27%. This can be explained by a significant increase in the area of contact due to the two layers of the cortical bone of the jaw with the surface of the mini-implant. Conclusion. The bicortical method of installing mini-implants is a more effective and reliable way to provide skeletal support during orthodontic treatment.


1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal A. Masad

A perturbation approach, coupled with the adjoint concept, is used to derive an analytic expression for the natural frequencies of a nearly rectangular membrane. The method is applied for a rectangular membrane with a semicircle at one of the boundaries. The fundamental natural frequency results for this configuration are presented and compared with results from a finite-element method and results from an approximate Galerkin method. The agreement between the fundamental natural frequencies calculated with the perturbation approach and those calculated with the finite-element method improves as the radius of the semicircle decreases and as the semicircle location becomes more eccentric.


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