Correlation analysis between microsatellite loci and traits at first laying in egg-laying lines of silkies

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Li KANG
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Egg Laying

Multiple paternity in field- and captive-laid egg strands of Sepioteuthis australis (Cephalopoda:Loliginidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. van Camp ◽  
S. C. Donnellan ◽  
A. R. Dyer ◽  
P. G. Fairweather
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Mating Strategy ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
In Captivity

Previous observations on the mating behaviour of the southern calamary, Sepioteuthis australis Quoy & Gaimard 1833, revealed the potential for multiple paternities within egg strands, which contained up to eight eggs each. Six egg masses were laid in captivity from a possible 14 female and 20 male parents. By using five microsatellite loci, 112 eggs from 35 randomly selected egg strands were assigned sires using the potential fathers’ genotypes. Seven egg strands containing 22 eggs were also collected from the field to test that squid in captivity were apportioning eggs in natural ways, and that multiple paternity within egg strands was not an artefact of captivity. Ninety-seven per cent of strands laid in captivity showed multiple paternities. Similarly, multiple fathers were also evident in the field-laid egg strands. The maximum number of sires found within a single egg strand was four; however, three sires were more common. This is the first account of multiple paternities within egg strands laid by Sepioteuthis. It is likely that females are ‘spermatophore-limited’ when egg laying, and are promiscuous to ensure a ready supply of these sperm packets. Moreover, genetic diversity in a brood is increased by this mating strategy.

scholarly journals Shaoxing breed duck polymorphism by microsatellite loci

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Chepiha ◽  
S. O. Kostenko ◽  
M. S. Doroshenko ◽  
P. V. Korol ◽  
O. M. Konoval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polymorphic Locus ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity

Microsatellite markers are now been widely used for the detection and description of micropopulation processes occurring in the populations of domestic animals for the effects of various factors of breeding pressure. Microsatellite loci distributed throughout eukaryotic genomes, making them the preferred genetic marker for high resolution genetic mapping. In recent years, rapid advances have been made in the development of molecular genetic maps. High-density linkage maps are now available for many farm animals, such as cattle, pigs, and goats. In contrast, mapping studies in avian species are much less advanced except in the chicken. According to FAO about 70% of ducks are bred in China. This country is a leader in growing ducks. The Shaoxing breed is one of the three major duck breeds in China. Ducks of this breed are characterized by high performance. According to the Bureau of Product Quality, the age of maturity (the beginning of egg laying) in these birds occurs at 130–140 days. The characteristics of the Shaoxing breed include the fact that the peak period of laying eggs lasts from eight to ten months. On average, one duck in 500 days gives from 290 to 310 eggs, which is one of the highest rates for egg breeds. That is why the purpose of our study was the microsatellite analysis of two populations of Shaoxing breed with 9 locuses was conducted. The selection of birds for the study were carried out on a duck farms in Zhejiang Generation Biological Science and Technology Co., Ltd. and Zhuji Guowei Poultry Development Co, Ltd., and at the laboratory of the Jjejiang Academy of Sciences Institute. Samples collection and  DNA  preparation: Venous blood  samples  were  collected  from 480 ducks (240 ducks of population I and 240 ducks of population II of the Shaoxing breeds)  of  both populations  into  3  ml  tubes  containing  EDTA  as anticoagulant agent. In total of 9 investigated loci in the Shaoxing breed population, only one locus was monomorphic (SMO10). The number of different alleles (Na) for each polymorphic locus ranged from 2 (SMO12) to 13 (APL79, CMO11) in population I and from 2 (APL78, SMO12) to 7 (APL79) in population II. On average, one locus had 5.889 alleles in population I and 3.889 of alleles in the population II. The effective number of alleles (Nе) was 1.735 in population I and 1.599 in population II. The number of alleles and the expected heterozygosity (Hexp) values can provide important information for the discrimination of individuals and breeds. The index of expected heterozygosity in population I was 0.336 and 0.307 in population II. The information index (I) was 0,702 in population I and 0,576 in population II. For each population was found private alleles, in population I 6 alleles and in population II just 4 alleles. The results show high level of polymorphism of the studied populations of ducks. The obtained results can be used in the creation of new lines of ducks.

scholarly journals Breeding Biology of Brood Parasitic Brown-Headed Cowbirds (Molothrus Ater) Characterized by Parent-Offspring and Sibling-Group Reconstruction

The Auk ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-445
Author(s):  
Bill M. Strausberger ◽  
Mary V. Ashley
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Molothrus Ater ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Parentage Assignment ◽  
Host Nest ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Primary Partner ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Sibling Group

Abstract We characterized several equivocal aspects of the breeding biology of the brood parasitic Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) at a study site in northeastern Illinois. A total of 175 offspring and a partial sample of parents were sampled and genotyped at six microsatellite loci. A combination of sibling-group and parentage assignment enabled us to characterize mating behavior and area used for reproduction by breeding adults, even for those not sampled. We assigned a mean of 4.7 (range 1–13) and 4.4 (range 1–16) offspring to 33 female and 32 male parents, respectively. Adults typically reproduced with a “primary partner” but up to three partners were common. Offspring females and males were spread over 9 and 12 ha, respectively. Half of the polygynous males produced offspring with an additional mate that parasitized nests near to or within areas overlapping those of their primary partner. That suggests that mate choice takes place at females' egg-laying areas as opposed to more remote social areas. Multiple females frequently parasitized a single host nest and areas used for reproduction overlapped extensively for individuals of either sex. High frequencies of parasitism and superparasitism indicate a high cowbird density relative to that of hosts. Frequent promiscuity by cowbirds at our site contrasts with other studies reporting monogamy and may be due to higher densities of breeding cowbirds at our site.

Microdensitometer—computer correlation analysis of ultrastructural periodicity

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
D.R. Ensor ◽  
C.G. Jensen ◽  
J.A. Fillery ◽  
R.J.K. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Screw Thread ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Computer Storage ◽  
Correlation Process ◽  
Electron Microscope Image ◽  
Fixed Beam

Because periodicity is a major indicator of structural organisation numerous methods have been devised to demonstrate periodicity masked by background “noise” in the electron microscope image (e.g. photographic image reinforcement, Markham et al, 1964; optical diffraction techniques, Horne, 1977; McIntosh,1974). Computer correlation analysis of a densitometer tracing provides another means of minimising "noise". The correlation process uncovers periodic information by cancelling random elements. The technique is easily executed, the results are readily interpreted and the computer removes tedium, lends accuracy and assists in impartiality.A scanning densitometer was adapted to allow computer control of the scan and to give direct computer storage of the data. A photographic transparency of the image to be scanned is mounted on a stage coupled directly to an accurate screw thread driven by a stepping motor. The stage is moved so that the fixed beam of the densitometer (which is directed normal to the transparency) traces a straight line along the structure of interest in the image.

The isolation and characterization of 18 equine microsatellite loci, TKY272–TKY289

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Tozaki ◽  
H Kakoi ◽  
S Mashima ◽  
K Hirota ◽  
T Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Twelve equine dinucleotide repeats at microsatellite loci UCDEQ304, UCDEQ380, UCDEQ387, UCDEQ411, UCDEQ439, UCDEQ440, UCDEQ455, UCDEQ457, UCDEQ464, UCDEQ465, UCDEQ482 and UCDEQ497

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Eggleston-Stott ◽  
A. DelValle ◽  
M. Bautista ◽  
S. Dileanis ◽  
E. Wictum
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Dinucleotide Repeats

Erysipelas in egg-laying chickens: Clinical, pathological and bacteriological investigations

1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bisgaard ◽  
P. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Egg Laying

The German Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Petermann ◽  
Franz Petermann ◽  
Ina Schreyer
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Teacher Ratings ◽  
Screening Instrument ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties Questionnaire ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
Behavioral Attributes ◽  
And Behavior

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a screening instrument that addresses positive and negative behavioral attributes of children and adolescents. Although this questionnaire has been used in Germany to gather information from parents and teachers of preschoolers, few studies exist that verify the validity of the German SDQ for this age. In the present study, teacher ratings were collected for 282 children aged 36 to 60 months (boys = 156; girls = 126). Likewise, teacher ratings were collected with another German checklist for behavior problems and behavior disorders at preschool age (Verhaltensbeurteilungsbogen für Vorschulkinder, VBV 3–6). Moreover, children’s developmental status was assessed. Evaluation included correlation analysis as well as canonical correlation analysis to assess the multivariate relationship between the set of SDQ variables and the set of VBV variables. Discriminant analyses were used to clarify which SDQ variables are useful to differentiate between children with or without developmental delay in a multivariate model. The results of correlation and discriminant analyses underline the validity of the SDQ for preschoolers. According to these results, the German teacher SDQ is recommended as a convenient and valid screening instrument to assess positive and negative behavior of preschool age children.

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