Qualitative detection and source analysis of the organic chlorides in the byproducts of biodiesel prepared using swill-cooked dirty oil under sub-critical conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Jianghua HAN
1964 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Djerassi ◽  
Albert Roy ◽  
Jorge Alvarado ◽  

SummaryHuman platelets frozen at −195° C (liquid nitrogen) retain their morphological integrity and ability to promote clot retraction when 5% dimethyl-sulfoxide and 5% dextrose are added to the suspending plasma medium. Slow freezing was more effective than direct immersion in the liquid nitrogen. Although similar results may be achieved with dimethylsulfoxide alone with rigidly controlled freezing rates, the addition of sugars may permit freezing under less critical conditions.Dimethylsulfoxyd und 5% Dextrose dem Plasmamilieu hinzugefügt werden. Das langsame Einfrieren ist effektiver als das direkte Eintauchen in flüssigen Stickstoff. Obschon ähnliche Resultate mit Dimethylsulfoxyd allein unter exakter Kontrolle der Einfrierungsgeschwindig-keit erreicht werden können, erlaubt die Zugabe von Dextrose ein Einfrieren unter weniger kritischen Bedingungen.


2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Bast ◽  
G Ramantani ◽  
Ö Özkan ◽  
T Metzke ◽  
A Seitz ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Elena V. Bespalova

Ancient lake sediments of Bibirevo section in the Yaroslavl and Kostroma Volga region are studied by means of graphical analysis of taxonomical structure of diatom complexes. This method allowed to record critical points (change of areas of stability) in the development of a Neopleistocene lake during the transition from stage to stage, as well as from phase to phase.


Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kosobudzka

SUMMARYThe article below focuses on the source analysis of the process of investigating Diocesan Curia in Lublin in the years 1946-1947, during the period when two Lublin ordinaries were in charge: Bishop Stefan Wyszyński (1946-1948) and Bishop Piotr Kałwa (1949-1974). Diocesan Curia, as the most important institution in the Church administrative hierarchy, was subject to intensive surveillance by PRL’s apparatus of repression.At the beginning, the process of investigating the management structure on the diocese level was not conducted by specially selected departments but was performed as a part of broadly conceived actions directed against Catholic clergy. In the years 1946-1948,when bishop Stefan Wyszyński was in charge, operational activities against the clergy and the bishops were led by 5th Section of 5th Department of Voivodeship Public Security Office (Sekcja V Wydziału V Wojewódzkiego Urzędu Bezpieczeństwa) in Lublin (until the February of 1953). It can be inferred from the recorded data that until 1949 the Diocesan Curia’s circle in Lublin was very poorly uncovered by Polish communist secret police and their activity amounted only to gathering and verifying data received from informants. The shortage of well-trained agents prevented taking more intensive actions against Bishop Wyszyński and Diocesan Curia in Lublin.In the years 1949-1974, when Bishop Piotr Kałwa was in charge, the 5th Section of the 5th Department of VPSO continued their operational activities aimed against the Lublin’s Curia. In 1953 a new department was created on the basis of 5th Section. The so-called 11th Department took over the entirety of cases pertaining to the Catholic Church. In 1955 the 11th Department was transformed into 6th Department of VPSO in Lublin. 3rd Department of VPSO in Lublin and 1st Section of 6th Department of Polish communist secret police of Voivodeship Polish Citizen Militia Headquarters in Lublin (referat Służby Bezpieczeństwa w Komendzie Wojewódzkiej Milicji Obywatelskiej), respectively, also conducted investigation activities concerning the bishops and Curia.As of 1949, the Diocesan Curia in Lublin was subject to intensive surveillance by the PRL’s security service apparatus. Its main aim at that point was to restrict the Curia’s activity so as to gain control over it. In order to achieve that, the activity of Curial employees and bishops was documented and revealed. Additionally, the conflicts between the bishops, Curial employees and KUL’s management were incited and deepened. What is more, the secret police attentively scrutinized bishops’ and Curial employees’ personal lives in order to gather compromising data, gained secret collaborators (47 secret agents were involved in the process) and limited Curia employees’ departures for studies abroad. Almost every type of operation activities was used against Bishop Piotr Kałwa. The secret police applied phone tapping, bugging, surveillance, reading mail and sending anonymous letters in order to undermine his authority. What is more, the secret police tried to set bishop Kałwa at variance with Primate Wyszyński. However, these actions did not change Bishops Kałwa’s stance who, until his death, unwaveringly defended the Catholic Church’s independence from the government.


Author(s):  
Н.В. Белобородова ◽  
В.В. Мороз ◽  
А.Ю. Бедова

Интеграция метаболизма макроорганизма и его микробиоты, обеспечивающая в норме симбиоз и саногенез, нарушается при заболеваниях, травме, критическом состоянии, и вектор взаимодействия может изменяться в пользу прокариотов по принципу «метаболиты бактерий - против хозяина». Анализ литературы показал, что, с одной стороны, имеется живой интерес к ароматическим микробным метаболитам, с другой - отсутствует четкое представление об их роли в организме человека. Публикации, касающиеся ряда ароматических микробных метаболитов (фенилкарбоновых кислот, ФКК), как правило, не связаны между собой по тематике и направлены на решение тех или иных прикладных задач в разных областях биологии и медицины. Цель обзора - анализ информации о происхождении, биологических эффектах ФКК в экспериментах in vitro и in vivo , и клинических наблюдениях. Обобщая результаты приведенных в обзоре исследований на клеточном, субклеточном и молекулярном уровнях, логично предположить участие ароматических микробных метаболитов в патогенезе полиорганной недостаточности при сепсисе. Наиболее перспективным для раскрытия роли ароматических микробных метаболитов представляется изучение механизмов вторичной почечной недостаточности и септической энцефалопатии. Важным направлением для будущих исследований является изучение влияния продуктов микробной биодеградации ароматических соединений на развитие диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания крови, артериальной гипотензии и септического шока. Результаты дальнейших исследований будут иметь не только фундаментальное значение, но и обогатят практическую медицину новыми диагностическими и лечебными технологиями. Significant increases in blood concentrations of some aromatic metabolites (phenylcarboxylic acids, PhCAs) in patients with sepsis have been previously shown. Enhanced bacterial biodegradation of aromatic compounds has been demonstrated to considerably contribute to this process. Integration of macroorganism metabolism and its microbiota, which provides normal symbiosis and sanogenesis, is disturbed in diseases, trauma, and critical conditions. Direction of this interaction may change in favor of prokaryotes according to the principle, “bacterial metabolites are against the host”. Analysis of literature showed a particular interest of many investigators to aromatic microbial metabolites. However, there is no clear understanding of their role in the human body. Publications on PhCAs are generally not thematically interrelated and usually focus on solving applied tasks in different fields of biology and medicine. The aim of this work was to consolidate existing information about origin and biological effects of PhCAs in in vitro / in vivo experiments and some clinical findings. The presented summary of reported data from studies performed at cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular levels suggests participation of aromatic microbial metabolites in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure in sepsis. Studying mechanisms of secondary renal failure and septic encephalopathy is most promising for discovering the function of aromatic microbial metabolites. Effects of microbial biodegradation products of aromatic substances on development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, hypotension, and septic shock are an important challenge for future studies. Results of further investigations will be not only fundamental, but will also enrich medical practice with new diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.


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