ARE WE DOING ENOUGH IN PROMOTING BREAST CANCER SCREENING: AN EVALUATION OF MALAYSIA BREAST CANCER SCREENING PROGRAM

Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women globally. Several ways of breast cancer screening tools are available. This study aims to evaluate Malaysia's breast cancer screening program using the national database based on participation and performance indicators for the past five years. A retrospective cumulative analysis of clinical breast examination and mammogram screening services were performed using the national dataset of 2016-2020 obtained from the Health Informatics Centres, Ministry of Health Malaysia. The performance indicator represents the percentage of breast abnormality detected during clinical breast examination and the proportion of confirmed cancer through mammogram screening. A reduction in the participation rate for clinical breast examination was noted from 2016 (25.8%) to 2020(25.1%). However, a high participation rate in 2019 (29.1%) was noted following active health promotion intervention. The rate of high-risk women who underwent mammogram screening fluctuated by years according to active breast awareness campaign. The average rate of confirmed breast cancer annually was 0.7% and was noted highest in 2020 (1.17%). Improving early diagnosis is an eminent strategy for cancer control in all settings, including strengthening health systems and providing universal health coverage. Successful breast cancer prevention and control programs require intersectoral planning and active community participation. Ensuring sustainability and accessibility of breast cancer screening programs is highly needed. Fostering good collaborative multiagency partnership and community participation for the cancer control program urges an innovative approach through a policy formulation.

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Clinical Breast Examination in a Comprehensive Breast Cancer Screening Program: Contribution and Cost

Radiology ◽

10.1148/radiol.2403051377 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 240 (3) ◽

pp. 650-655 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Kimberly N. Feigin ◽

Delia M. Keating ◽

Patricia M. Telford ◽

Michael A. Cohen

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Screening Program ◽

Clinical Breast Examination ◽

Breast Cancer Screening Program ◽

Cancer Screening Program ◽

Breast Examination ◽

Clinical Breast

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Satisfaction in the National Cancer Screening Program for Breast Cancer with and without Clinical Breast Examination

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention ◽

10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.1.063 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 63-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mi-Ah Han ◽

Jae-Kwan Jun ◽

Kui-Son Choi ◽

Eun-Cheol Park ◽

Hoo-Yeon Lee

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Screening Program ◽

Clinical Breast Examination ◽

Cancer Screening Program ◽

Breast Examination ◽

Clinical Breast

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Is clinical breast examination effective in Japan? Consideration from the age-specific performance of breast cancer screening combining mammography with clinical breast examination

Breast Cancer ◽

10.1007/s12282-014-0544-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 183-189

Author(s):

Kouji Ohta ◽

Yoshio Kasahara ◽

Fumie Tanaka ◽

Hiroyuki Maeda

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Clinical Breast Examination ◽

Breast Examination ◽

Specific Performance ◽

Clinical Breast

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Frequency of Cervical and Breast Cancer Screening Rates in a Multi-Ethnic Female College Sample

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.99.2.418-420 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 99 (2) ◽

pp. 418-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ramani S. Durvasula ◽

Pamela C. Regan ◽

Oscar Ureño ◽

Lisa Howell

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

African American Women ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Clinical Breast Examination ◽

Asian Pacific Islander ◽

Breast Examination ◽

Clinical Breast ◽

Asian Pacific ◽

Hispanic White

This exploratory study examined frequency of self-reported cervical and breast cancer screening rates in a multiethnic sample of 331 female university students. In general, rates of lifetime screening were fairly low, with only 41% reporting having ever had a PAP examination and 44% reporting having undergone at least one clinical breast examination. Screening rates differed by ethnicity. Non-Hispanic White and African-American women had higher screening rates than Asian/Pacific Islander and Latina women. The significantly lower rate of screening among the latter groups is of particular concern given the higher cancer mortality rates typically observed in those groups.

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Contribution of Clinical Breast Examination to Breast Cancer Screening

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute ◽

10.1093/jnci/djp297 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 101 (18) ◽

pp. 1221-1221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Clinical Breast Examination ◽

Breast Examination ◽

Clinical Breast

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Socioeconomic Inequalities in Uptake of Breast Cancer Screening among Saudi Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a National Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17062056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 2056 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi ◽

Rubayyat Hashmi ◽

Sarh Almubark ◽

Ameerah M. N. Qattan ◽

Mohammad Habibullah Pulok

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Concentration Index ◽

Clinical Breast Examination ◽

Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽

Saudi Women ◽

Breast Examination ◽

Clinical Breast ◽

Screening Services

Timely and adequate screening for breast cancer could improve health outcomes and reduce health costs. However, the utilization of free breast cancer screening services among Saudi women is very low. This study aims to investigate socioeconomic inequalities in breast cancer screening among Saudi women. The data of this study were extracted from the nationally representative Saudi Health Interview Survey, conducted in 2013; the study included 2786 Saudi women. Multivariate logistic regression, the concentration curve, and the concentration index were used to examine, illustrate, and quantify income- and education-related inequalities in three outcomes: Knowledge about self-breast examination (SBE), clinical breast examination (CBE) received in the last year, and mammography, that has ever been previously carried out. Results showed a marked socioeconomic gradient in breast cancer screening services. The concentration index by income was 0.229 (SBE), 0.171 (CBE), and 0.163 (mammography). The concentration index by education was 0.292 (SBE), 0.149 (CBE), and 0.138 (mammography). Therefore, knowledge about breast cancer screening, and the utilization of screening services, were more concentrated among richer and better-educated women. Poorer and less educated women had less knowledge about self-breast examination, and had considerably less adherence to clinical breast examination and mammography. The findings are helpful for policy makers to devise and implement strategies to promote equity in breast cancer screening among Saudi women.

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Perceived Fears, Barriers, and Benefits Regarding Breast Cancer Screening: A Comparison of Lebanese and Lebanese-American Women

JCO Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/go.20.00019 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1200-1210

Author(s):

Laura Bourdeanu ◽

Manal Alatrash ◽

Nayiri Ketchedjian ◽

Barbara Pate

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Breast Cancer Screening ◽

Clinical Breast Examination ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

American Women ◽

Screening Guidelines ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Breast Examination ◽

Clinical Breast

Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among Lebanese women, and nearly half of these women are age < 50 years at diagnosis. Despite the current screening guidelines in Lebanon to start mammograms at 40 years of age, monthly self-breast examination, and yearly clinical breast examination, compliance with these recommendations remains low in both Lebanese and Lebanese-American women. This study aimed to examine different factors associated with breast cancer screening compliance in Lebanese and Lebanese-American women and determine and compare factors that predict breast cancer screening for these 2 groups. A cross-sectional study design was used to examine the factors associated with breast cancer screening compliance in Lebanese and Lebanese-American women. A total of 250 Lebanese women and 105 Lebanese-American women completed the questionnaires. Of these, 74.3% of Lebanese-American women and 72.5% of Lebanese women had ever had a mammogram, and 58.4% of Lebanese women had had a clinical breast examination, compared with 84.8% of Lebanese-American women. In both groups, health care provider recommendation was a predictor of having had a mammogram. Although the breast cancer screening practices of both groups are higher than previously reported, they continue to fall below the recommended rate of 81% according to the Healthy People Project. Given the susceptibility of Lebanese women age > 40 years to develop breast cancer, promotional breast cancer screening campaigns must emphasize the importance of adhering to screening guidelines for both Lebanese and Lebanese-American women.

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