Ventspils apkārtnes apdzīvojums 17.–18. gadsimtā

Author(s):  
Muntis Auns ◽  

The article deals with questions relating to the settlement in the area of Ventspils. Attention is gi-ven to environmental factors that could have had a greater or lesser influence on the settlement structure. The stream bank erosion along the River Venta had a relatively small impact on populated areas, while the wind erosion (sand deposition) caused the individual farms as well as villages to be abandoned. The Great Plague epidemic of 1710 was particularly devastating in the Ventspils area, during which about 40% of farms disappeared and most of them were not restored until the end of the 18th century. Final abandon-ment of farms, their renovation or addition of the former farmland to the land of the manor caused chan-ges in the population structure.

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
William E. Hammitt ◽  
Cary D. McDonald

Abstract The amount of innertube floating on a mountain stream, use patterns, and the degree of ecological and social impacts resulting from this recreational activity were investigated. Both observational and survey research techniques were employed. Results indicate that although use appears fairly high, users perceive no crowding and feel no need to control numbers of floaters. However, major ecological impacts were present in the form of stream bank erosion and alteration of stream morphology. Management implications concerning the use observed and the impacts occuring are discussed.


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