scholarly journals Moral Obligation and Natural Capital Commons on Private Land

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-273
Author(s):  
Blake Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Law And Economics ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Resource Theory ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Moral Choice ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Economics Analysis

This Article makes a simple and hopefully straightforward attempt to demonstrate how Gerhart’s property theory fills the gaps in privatized commons resource theory. Part II describes in more detail privatized commons resource theory, while Part III discusses Gerhart’s theory both generally and more specifically in the context of natural resources management. This Part first analyzes Gerhart’s explicit grappling with the commons broadly, and more directly wrestles with how his theory lays a legal framework for addressing temporal commons and the interests of future generations in natural capital. Next, this Part discusses the role of positive public law in manifesting society’s moral choice regarding natural capital appropriation. Finally, this Part addresses the weaknesses of traditional law and economics analysis, as highlighted in both privatized commons resource theory and Gerhart’s theory, and how it does not adequately account for society’s interest in natural capital. Part IV concludes.

scholarly journals PANORAMA ACTUAL DEL ARBITRAJE EN CONTRATACIONES CON EL ESTADO: ALGUNAS REFLEXIONES A PROPÓSITO DE LAS ÚLTIMAS MODIFICACIONES A LA LEY N.° 30225 Y SU REGLAMENTO

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
DIEGO FERNANDO GARCÍA VIZCARRA
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Public Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Analytical Perspective

La importancia de las contrataciones con el Estado ha dado lugar, en los últimos veinte años, al desarrollo de un marco regulatorio cada vez más amplio y especializado, en el cual la figura del arbitraje ha cobrado un protagonismo singular, dado que el propio ordenamiento peruano abstrajo de este mecanismo de solución de controversias sus características originarias, dotándole una identidad propia en este ámbito de aplicación. Con los diversos cambios normativos que ha sufrido el régimen, el arbitraje en contrataciones con el Estado ha sido objeto de numerosos ajustes, tanto en lo sustantivo como en lo adjetivo, encontrándonos hoy en día ante una disciplina especializada que aún está en proceso de consolidación debido a que, si bien se han dado importantes pasos para la compatibilización del arbitraje con nociones e instituciones propias del Derecho Público, todavía incide significativamenteen su desarrollo la frágil estabilidad del marco legal que lo contempla y la presencia de deficiencias regulatorias que no han podido coadyuvar a superar problemas suscitados en la práctica arbitral relacionados a su propia aplicabilidad e, incluso, al rol de los árbitros. En ese sentido, el presente trabajo tiene por objetivo graficar —desde una perspectiva analítica— el actual panorama del arbitraje en contrataciones con el Estado, a partir de las principales reglasincorporadas en las recientes modificaciones a la Ley N.º 30225, Ley de Contrataciones del Estado, y a su Reglamento, cuya pertinencia y eficacia será objeto de reflexión en relación al contexto antes descrito, a partir de la ratio legis que se desprende de las mismas. The importance of contracting with the State has given rise to the development of an increasingly broad and specialized regulatory framework, in the last twenty years, in which the arbitration figure has taken on a unique role, as the Peruvian legal order abstract of this mechanism of dispute resolution its origin features, giving itself own identity in this field of application. With the various regulatory changes that the regime has gone through, arbitrationin contracting with the State has been object to numerous adjustments, as in the substantive as in the adjective, facing today a specialized discipline that is still in the process of consolidation due to, although important steps have been taken for the compatibility of arbitration with notions and institutions of Public Law, the fragile stability of the legal framework that contemplates it and the presence of regulatory deficiencies that have not been able to contributeto overcome problems raised in arbitration practice related to their own applicability, they still have a significant impact, and even to the role of arbitrators. In this sense, the present work aims to graph —from an analytical perspective— the current overview of arbitration in contracting with the State, based on the main rules incorporated in the recent amendments to Law N.° 30225, Law on State Contracting, and its Regulation, whose relevance and effectivenesswill be object to reflection in relation to the context described above, based on the ratio legis that emerges from them.

Realising the Public Potential of Corporate Law: Twenty Years of Civil Penalty Enforcement in Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Law And Economics ◽  
Public Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
The Public ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
Civil Penalty

Traditionally corporate law has been viewed as having characteristics that are commonly associated with private law. Largely this view developed as a result of the “law and economics” scholarship which dominated the corporate law debate, especially in the United States, in the last quarter of last Century. While the traditional “law and economics” approach supports the view that corporate law should be treated as a branch of private law, and that the state should have no role in its enforcement, other scholars, particularly those that adopt a progressive approach, argue that corporate law has, and should be recognised as having characteristics that are usually associated with public law. Arguably, an area of Australian corporate law that displays characteristics that are usually associated with public law is the statutory directors’ duties and the civil penalty regime that supports them. This enforcement regime gives the state through the corporate regulator, standing to take court based proceedings to enforce what are in effect, contracts that established corporate governance structures. This article seeks to determine the appropriate role of a public regulator in these circumstances. The questions considered are: whose interests should the public regulator represent when it is tasked with the responsibility of enforcing the statutory directors’ duties that largely codify fiduciary and common law duties? Given that the duties are owed by directors to their company should the primary role of the public regulator be to represent the interests of the company, and its shareholders, who have suffered a loss as a result of the alleged contravention of the directors’ duties or should the primary role of the public regulator be to act in the interests of the members of the larger community? In these situations what are the interests of the larger community? Drawing on regulatory theory the argument advanced in this paper is that despite the fact that the statutory directors’ duties codify what are in effect private rights between directors and their companies, the primary role of a public regulator is not to utilise the enforcement mechanisms at its disposal in order to obtain compensation for companies who have suffered a loss. Rather, the regulator's primary role is to act in the interests of the larger community by utilising the enforcement mechanisms at its disposal strategically in order to encourage greater compliance.

The role of standardization as a key Tool of Quality Economics in the development of integration of the Eurasian Economic Union

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
V. V. Okrepilov ◽  
A. G. Gridasov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Member States ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union

The presented study examines the experience of forming a regulatory framework for the integration of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) member states through the example of standardization as one of the key tools of quality economics.Aim. The study analyzes the major solutions of the EAEU authorities and member countries aimed at increasing the role of standardization in the economic integration of the Union over five years of its existence.Tasks. The authors identify efficient methods for developing standardization for the integration of the EAEU states as well as the most problematic aspects in this field that need to be taken into account in the qualitative strengthening of the Union’s economy.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine the activities of the EAEU authorities and member states aimed at creating a system for the economic integration of the Union during a period of its transition from separate national markets towards a single (common) market.Results. Over five years of operation in the field of stadardization, the Eurasian Economic Union has created the necessary organizational and legal framework to ensure the successful development of integration processes. The national legislation on standardization has been modernized with allowance for the harmonization of these laws. In the next five-six years, the development of international standards for 40 technical regulations is expected to be completed, which would create a regulatory framework for unhindered interaction between all participants of the single (common) EAEU market. Conclusions. The analysis of activities in the field of standardization reveals a sufficiently thought-out and coordinated policy of the EAEU states in creating the necessary conditions for overcoming legal and administrative barriers in the movement of goods and services within the common economic space of the EAEU.

Regulation of Electricity Storage, Intelligent Grids, and Clean Energies in an Open Market in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Juan González Márquez ◽  
Margarita González Brambila
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Electricity Storage ◽  
Storage Technologies

This chapter analyses the role of electricity storage as an innovative strategy to attain the Mexican Government’s goals regarding carbon dioxide emission reduction and energy transition. The survey includes the analysis of the different electricity storage technologies as well as the legal framework governing electricity storage as the fifth link of the energy supply chain from a comparative perspective. The authors discuss whether energy storage is a generation or a distribution/transmission asset. The chapter also analyses Mexico’s experiences in energy storage and briefly describes the way it is regulated in other jurisdictions. Finally, the authors propose the regulation of energy storage as a separate licensed activity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document