A Study on the Measurement System Design for the Resin Flow and Curing in the Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding(VARTM) Process Using the Long Period Fiber Bragg Grating

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Resin Transfer Molding ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Resin Flow ◽  
Transfer Molding ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Vartm Process

scholarly journals Applicability of fiber Bragg grating sensors for cure monitoring in resin transfer molding processes

2020 ◽  
pp. 073168442095811
Author(s):  
Yannick Blößl ◽  
Gergely Hegedüs ◽  
Gábor Szebényi ◽  
Tamás Tábi ◽  
Ralf Schledjewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Resin Transfer Molding ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Gel Point ◽  
Strain Response ◽  
Resin System ◽  
Transfer Molding ◽  
Cure Monitoring ◽  
Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

This article examines the use of fiber Bragg grating sensors for cure monitoring purposes in resin transfer molding processes. Within a resin transfer molding test series a thermoset epoxy-amine resin system was used in combination with a woven flax fiber reinforcement. Particular attention was paid on the location of the optical fiber sensor and its sensitive Bragg grating element inside the mold cavity. Three different installation approaches were tested and the correlation of the corresponding strain response with the actual cure state of the resin system was investigated at 50°C and 70°C isothermal cure temperature, respectively. We could demonstrate that characteristic, conspicuous strain changes are directly related to the sol–gel conversion of the thermoset polymer, which was analyzed considering different approaches for the gel-point detection based on rheological measurements. With the installation of the sensor inside a controllable, capsuled resin volume, we could achieve the most reliable strain response that provides capabilities to give in-situ information of the cure state beyond the gelation point.

Distributed strain sensing with fiber Bragg grating arrays embedded in Continuous Resin Transfer Molding (CRTM) composites

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Friebele ◽  
Charles G. Askins ◽  
Martin A. Putnam ◽  
J. Florio, Jr. ◽  
A. A. Fosha, Jr. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Resin Transfer Molding ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Transfer Molding ◽  
Distributed Strain

scholarly journals A Study on the Measurement Technique of Resin Flow and Cure during the Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding Process using the Long Period Fibre Bragg Grating Sensor

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 096369350401300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngki Yoon ◽  
Seunghwan Chung ◽  
Woo Il Lee ◽  
Byoungho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Fibre Bragg Grating ◽  
Resin Flow ◽  
Resin Transfer Moulding ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Curing Reaction ◽  
Glass Mat ◽  
Transfer Moulding ◽  
Vartm Process

Long Period Gratings (LPGs) are currently being used in various fibre-optic sensor implementations. In this study, Long Period Fibre Bragg Grating was applied to monitor the resin flow and the curing process in the Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding (VARTM) process. The principle of measurement is explained. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, gratings are inserted into the glass mat to monitor the resin flow during VARTM process. Signal from the sensor is processed by an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA). The curing reaction is also monitored using the same method. From the results, it is shown that the proposed LPGs sensor is effective in monitoring the resin flow as well as the curing reaction during VARTM process.

scholarly journals Errata: Method to athermalize a long-period fiber grating for interrogation of fiber Bragg grating–based sensors

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 109801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Reddy Mamidi ◽  
Srimannarayana Kamineni ◽  
L. N. Sai Prasad Ravinuthala ◽  
Venkatapparao Thumu ◽  
Vengal Rao Pachava
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Fiber Grating ◽  
Long Period Fiber Grating ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Period Fiber Grating

scholarly journals COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF RTM AND LRTM PROCESSES APPLIED TO COMPLEX GEOMETRIES

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Da S. Porto ◽  
M. Letzow ◽  
E. D. Dos Santos ◽  
S. C. Amico ◽  
J. A. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Resin Transfer Molding ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Complex Geometries ◽  
Resin Flow ◽  
Transfer Molding ◽  
Rtm Process ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Filling Time

Light Resin Transfer Molding (LRTM) is a variation of the conventional manufacturing process known as Resin Transfer Molding (RTM). In general terms, these manufacturing processes consist of a closed mould with a preplaced fibrous preform through which a polymeric resin is injected, filling the mold completely, producing parts with complex geometries (in general) and good finish. Those processes differ, among other aspects, in the way that injection occurs. In the RTM process the resin is injected through discrete points whereas in LRTM it is injected into an empty channel (with no porous medium) which surrounds the entire mold perimeter. There are several numerical studies involving the RTM process but LRTM has not been explored enough by the scientific community. Based on that, this work proposes a numerical model developed in the FLUENT package to study the resin flow behavior in the LRTM process. Darcy’s law and Volume of Fluid method (VOF) are used to treat the interaction between air and resin during the flow in the porous medium, i.e. the mold filling problem. Moreover, two three-dimensional geometries were numerically simulated considering the RTM and LRTM processes. It was possible to note the huge differences about resin flow behavior and filling time between these processes to manufacture the same parts.

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