scholarly journals We Have Got Credit!

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna Gosavi
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Pecking Order ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Enterprise Survey ◽  
Pecking Order Hypothesis

This paper investigates whether there is a gender bias in granting credit for businesses from Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa. It is first necessary to determine whether firms are credit-constrained. In order to identify the status of the firms with respect to credit, two recently introduced methods that can identify the credit-constrained status of firms are used.  The paper uses World Bank’s Enterprise Survey Program data set from 2013 to investigate this question. The empirical results obtained, after controlling for a large number of firm-level characteristics and using country-level dummies, reveal that female-owned firms appear to have more access to credit than their male counterparts. The paper also shows that the female-owned firms in the region finance their capital according to the Pecking Order Hypothesis.

scholarly journals Analysis of Tax Compliance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Firm-Level Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Abdu ◽  
Adamu Jibir ◽  
Tasiu Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Estimating Equations ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Informal Payment ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Perceived Trust ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Enterprise Survey ◽  
Political Decisions ◽  
Longitudinal Dataset

Abstract This study analyses tax compliance among firms in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) within an extended Slippery Slope Framework (eSSF). It applies instrumental variables and generalized estimating equations models on a constructed World Bank’s Enterprise Survey longitudinal dataset. The results indicate that the perceived power of the tax authorities does not influence firms’ tax compliance, which could be linked to corruption in the form of informal payment. The results also show that corruption encourages the culture of tax non-compliance among firms in SSA because the defaulting firms bribe tax authorities in order to avoid paying taxes and being punished for that. In addition, the results demonstrate that the perceived trust of tax authorities (state representatives) is vitally important in encouraging tax compliance among firms in SSA. In terms of political decisions, it may be implied that gaining trust of taxpayers should be pursued.

scholarly journals Promoting Scale-Up Across a Global Project Platform: Lessons from the Evidence to Action Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ghiron ◽  
Eric Ramirez-Ferrero ◽  
Rita Badiani ◽  
Regina Benevides ◽  
Alexis Ntabona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health System Strengthening ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

AbstractThe USAID-funded flagship family planning service delivery project named Evidence to Action (E2A) worked from 2011 to 2021 to improve family planning and reproductive health for women and girls across seventeen nations in sub-Saharan Africa using a “scaling-up mindset.” The paper discusses three key lessons emerging from the project’s experience with applying ExpandNet’s systematic approach to scale up. The methodology uses ExpandNet/WHO’s scaling-up framework and guidance tools to design and implement pilot or demonstration projects in ways that look ahead to their future scale-up; develop a scaling-up strategy with local stakeholders; and then strategically manage the scaling-up process. The paper describes how a scaling-up mindset was engendered, first within the project’s technical team in Washington and then how they subsequently sought to build capacity at the country level to support scale-up work throughout E2A’s portfolio of activities. The project worked with local multi-stakeholder resource teams, often led by government officials, to equip them to lead the scale-up of family planning and health system strengthening interventions. Examples from project experience in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Nigeria, and Uganda illustrating key concepts are discussed. E2A also established a community of practice on systematic approaches to scale up as a platform for sharing learning across a variety of technical agencies engaged in scale-up work and to create learning opportunities for interacting with thought leaders around critical scale-up issues.

scholarly journals National Culture and Africa Revisited: Ethnolinguistic Group Data From 35 African Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert van Pinxteren
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Group

Africa is a continent of considerable cultural diversity. This diversity does not necessarily run in parallel to the national boundaries that were created in Africa in the colonial period. However, decades of nation building in Africa must have made their mark. Is it possible nowadays to distinguish national cultures in Africa, or are the traditional ethnolinguistic distinctions more important? This article uses an approach developed in cross-cultural psychology to examine these questions. In 2012, Minkov and Hofstede published an article in this journal analyzing World Values Survey data from seven countries in Sub-Saharan Africa at the level of subnational administrative regions. They argued that national culture is also a meaningful concept in this region. This study reexamines the matter. It uses an innovative approach, looking at ethnolinguistic groups instead of at administrative regions and using the much more extensive Afrobarometer survey data set. It finds that although the Minkov/Hofstede study still has merit, the picture is more nuanced in several important ways. There is not one pattern that adequately describes the situation in the whole of Africa.1

Migration as a Risk Factor for HIV Infection among Youths in Sub-Saharan Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 648 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica A. Magadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Female Migrants ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Living With Hiv

Of the estimated 10 million youths living with HIV worldwide, 63 percent live in sub-Saharan Africa. This article focuses on migration as a risk factor of HIV infection among the youths in sub-Saharan Africa. The study is based on multilevel modeling, applied to the youth sample of the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), conducted from 2003 to 2008 in nineteen countries. The analysis takes into account country-level and regional-level variations. The results suggest that across countries in sub-Saharan Africa, migrants have on average about 50 percent higher odds of HIV infection than nonmigrants. The higher risk among migrants is to a large extent explained by differences in demographic and socioeconomic factors. In particular, migrants are more likely to be older, to have been married, or to live in urban areas, all of which are associated with higher risks of HIV infection. The higher risk among youths who have been married is particularly pronounced among young female migrants.

scholarly journals Financing innovative development of the African economies: the role of digitalization and financial innovations

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-439
Author(s):  
Tijani Forgor Alhassan ◽  
Ahou Julie Kouadio ◽  
Dadson Etse Gomado
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Financial Innovation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Financial Innovations ◽  
Sub Saharan

The article examines the relationship between financial innovation (mobile banking) variables in sub-Saharan Africa. Mobile banking (also known as mobile money) is one of the main financial innovations in the sub-Saharan region, and it is a system through which non-bank residents (residents without bank accounts, etc.) receive financial services. The overall importance of financial innovation in today’s digital and knowledge-based economy, and indeed, innovative development, inspired this study. Using a partial linear regression model, we analysed the International Monetary Fund data set, the World Bank’s national economic data, and mobile banking data from GSMA for the period from 2011 to 2017. A negative correlation was found between these variables and growth, as well as financial development, but a positive relationship was established between financial development and economic development. This positive relationship re-confirms the argument that financial development affects economic growth. It is recommended that policy makers develop and implement the necessary policy tools that can promote this form of financial innovation, and thus link its benefits to the national economy in general.

Does credit market inefficiency affect technology adoption? Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Hanan Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Market Inefficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors affecting the adoption of agricultural technologies in Sub-Saharan Africa, specifically the role of credit market inefficiency in adoption of agricultural technologies in the region. Design/methodology/approach Most importantly, the paper applies a 2SLS model on a unique data set on nine agrarian countries from Sub-Saharan Africa’s intensification of food crops agriculture (Afrint) to provide evidence on how credit market inefficiency affects adoption of technologies in the sub region. Findings The study finds that the relationship between credit and technology adoption is one-way causal relation (i.e. credit access leads to technology adoption) as opposed to a two-way relation (i.e. mutual dependent relation). Further, the results indicate that credit market inefficiency can be a major barrier to the adoption of yield enhancing technologies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Further, the study showed mixed results for household variables. The results give credence to studies that highlight the importance of infrastructure and risk control in the adoption of new technologies. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to only nine countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, the findings and interpretations should be considered as such. Further, there is the need for further research that considers all the region so as to establish whether or not there is a relationship between credit market inefficiencies and technology adoption in the region. Practical implications The policy implication is that microfinance institutions should consider scaling up their credit services to ensure that more households benefit from it, and in so doing technology adoption will be enhanced. Originality/value The main contribution of the study lies in its use of a unique data set from Sub-Saharan Africa’s intensification of food crops agriculture (Afrint) to investigation relationship between credit market inefficiency and technology adoption.

Languages and National Identity in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multilevel Approach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Buzási
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Country Level ◽  
National Identification ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Language Knowledge ◽  
French Colonies ◽  
Sub Saharan

This chapter contributes to the recent strand of the empirical political and economic literature that attempts to reveal the determinants of national identification in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although previous survey-based studies provide evidence that the socio-economic characteristics of individuals, the properties of ethnic groups they belong to, and certain country-level variables influence the probability of having positive attitudes toward the ethnic group or the nation, the role of languages has not been studied in this context yet. Inspired by findings of psycholinguistics and related disciplines, we utilize the fourth round of the Afrobarometer Project (surveyed in 2008 and 2009) to conduct analysis on the possible positive relationship between language knowledge and identification in national versus ethnic terms. We introduce two language-related explanatory variables. First, the Index of Communication Potential (ICP) reflects the probability that an individual can communicate with another randomly selected person within the society relying on commonly spoken languages. Second, we take into account the number of spoken languages in one’s repertoire. The multilevel models show that although speaking more than two languages increases the chance of identifying in national compared to ethnic terms, the ICP is not significant in this sense on the whole sample. But, when we consider the nationality of the former colonizers, the ICP exhibits positive relationship with national identification on the sub-sample of the former French colonies.

scholarly journals Job Quality, FDI and Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Firm-Level Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1287-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotiris Blanas ◽  
Adnan Seric ◽  
Christian Viegelahn
Keyword(s):  
Job Quality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Firm Level Data ◽  
Sub Saharan
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