Meningitis and bacteremia caused by Haemophilus influenzae Type e in an immunocompetent child

Haemophilus influenzae infection is a well-known cause of serious invasive disease in adults and children. But incidence of the common serotypes are type b, f and a. There is very little information available on invasive disease of Haemophilus influenzae type e (Hie) in China, especially in children. We report a case of an immunocompetent child who was clinically diagnosed with bacterial meningitis with bacteremia caused by Hie. The literature on infection especially meningitis caused by Hie is reviewed.

Download Full-text

Impact of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccination on hospitalization for invasive disease in children fifteen years after its introduction in Italy

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.077 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (46) ◽

pp. 6297-6301 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Domenico Martinelli ◽

Chiara Azzari ◽

Paolo Bonanni ◽

Susanna Esposito ◽

Elisabetta Franco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Invasive Disease ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽

Type B ◽

Conjugate Vaccination

Download Full-text

Invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae type b during the first six years of general vaccination of Swedish children

CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs ◽

10.1080/080352500750028212 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 89 (4) ◽

pp. 471-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ö Garpenholt ◽

S Hugosson ◽

H Fredlund ◽

J Giesecke ◽

P Olcén

Keyword(s):

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Invasive Disease ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽

Type B

Download Full-text

Epidemiology of Haemophilus Type B Invasive Disease in Childhood in Glasgow

Scottish Medical Journal ◽

10.1177/003693309303800107 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 18-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A Coggins ◽

C.W. Shepherd ◽

F. Cockburn

Keyword(s):

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Invasive Disease ◽

Annual Incidence ◽

Childhood Vaccination ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽

Type B ◽

Neurological Sequelae ◽

The United Kingdom

The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae type b in childhood in Glasgow. A retrospective study has been made on the hospital records of 252 children aged 0 to 12 years admitted to Glasgow hospitals during 1981–1990. The annual incidence of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in Glasgow was estimated at 39 per 100,000 children less than five years of age per year. The figure for Haemophilus meningitis was 23.8 per 100,000 children less than five years of age per year. Ninety-five per cent of all cases occurred in children less than five years of age and 72.1% of meningitis cases occurred before two years of age. There was a mortality of 2.77%. Long-term neurological sequelae were found in 15.3% of the survivors. The annual incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease is slightly higher in Glasgow than previously reported for the United Kingdom. The study provides baseline data to help assess efficacy of proposed early childhood vaccination.

Download Full-text

Disease Caused by Haemophilus influenzae Type b in the Immediate Period After Homologous Immunization: Immunologic Investigation

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.85.4.698 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 698-704

Author(s):

Sunil K. Sood ◽

Robert S. Daum

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Capsular Polysaccharide ◽

The United States ◽

Invasive Disease ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽

Type B ◽

Background Rate ◽

Protein Conjugate

Several Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines have been licensed and recommended for administration to children in the United States. These vaccines have consisted of purified polyribosylribitol-phosphate (PRP), the capsular polysaccharide of H influenzae type b,1 alone or covalently bound to one of several carrier proteins. Two of these saccharide-protein conjugate vaccines are now licensed, a polysaccharide-diphtheria toxoid conjugate (PRP-D)2 and an oligosaccharide-mutant diphtheria toxin conjugate (HbOC).3 Two others, a polysaccharide- Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein conjugate (PRP-OMPC)4 and a polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate (PRP-T),5 are currently in clinical trials. One concern with the use of PRP vaccine was the suggestion that the incidence of invasive disease caused by H influenzae type b in the immediate period after immunization might be increased; this idea was supported by evidence from several sources. In a case-control study of the efficacy of PRP vaccine, Black et al6 found that 4 children were hospitalized for invasive disease within 1 week of immunization, a rate of invasive disease 6.4 times greater (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1 to 19.2) than the background rate in unvaccinated children. In Minnesota, the relative risk for invasive disease in the first week after immunization was 6.2 (95% CI, 0.6 to 45.9),7 and the results of a study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control in six areas of the United States revealed a 1.8-fold (95% CI, 0.3 to 10.2) increase in the occurrence of invasive disease caused by H influenzae type b in the first week after immunization.8 Moreover, among 16 cases of disease caused by H influenzae type b occurring within 14 days of immunization that were passively reported to the FDA,9 10 were clustered within the first 72 hours.

Download Full-text

The Practice Of Pediatrics in the Era of Vaccines Effective Against Haemophilus influenzae Type b

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.93.4.680 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 680-681

Author(s):

Laurence B. Givner ◽

Charles R. Woods ◽

Jon S. Abramson

Keyword(s):

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Invasive Disease ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽

Rapid Decline ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽

Type B ◽

The Past ◽

Dramatic Decline ◽

The Everyday ◽

The Subject

The practice of pediatrics is forever altered when a vaccine is effective in dramatically reducing the incidence of (or even eradicating) an infectious disease. As the targeted disease is rapidly declining in incidence, there are often exciting changes in the practice of pediatrics, with far-reaching effects in the everyday treatment of patients. Such is the case now due to the effectiveness of the conjugated polysaccharide vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). The resultant rapid decline in the incidence of invasive disease due to Hib during the past several years has been documented in numerous studies.1-3 The effects of this dramatic decline in Hib disease on the approach to children who have (presumed) infectious diseases are the subject of this editorial.

Download Full-text