scholarly journals Inhabiting fauna in holdfasts of Lessonia nigrescens complex. Is it an indicator of ecological integrity in exploited kelp beds in northern Chile?

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-637
Author(s):  
J.M. Alonso Vega Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Associated Fauna ◽  
Kelp Beds ◽  
Lessonia Nigrescens

Lessonia nigrescens complex holdfasts habitats are home to a wide diversity of invertebrates. The holdfasts associated fauna is sensitive to the kelp fishery in northern Chile because one of the management recommendation is to harvest the whole plant. Considering the above, and the ecological role play by brown algae as foundation species, this study proposes the use of fauna inhabiting the holdfasts as an ecological indicator to monitor the integrity of exploited kelp beds. To accomplish this objective, the morphology of plants and holdfasts was evaluated together with the composition, abundance and community structure associated in three types of resource conservation strategies based on fishery management spatially explicit: open access areas and management areas (to harvest), and marine protected areas (with no harvest), in Atacama and Coquimbo (26-32°S). The results show that high harvest pressure on exploited kelp beds transforms the plant morphology and holdfast, altering the colonization process and species aggregation predicted for these biogenic habitats modifying the expected biodiversity. Thus, associated fauna in open access areas has lower species richness, abundance and biodiversity of organisms than their counterparts in management areas or marine protected areas. Moreover, the structure of the holdfast associated communities, are more variables in open access areas. The results suggest that holdfasts are representative micro-ecosystems of the intertidal environment, and can be used as sampling replicable and comparable units to monitor exploited kelp beds integrity in fisheries open access areas. This ecological indicator is easy to evaluate and disseminate among users of the kelp productive chain.

scholarly journals Regime, phase and paradigm shifts: making community ecology the basic science for fisheries

2005 ◽  
Vol 360 (1453) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Mangel ◽  
Phillip S. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Community Ecology ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Fishery Science ◽  
Excess Production ◽  
Mechanistic Worldview ◽  
Ecological Science ◽  
Simple Equations

Modern fishery science, which began in 1957 with Beverton and Holt, is ca . 50 years old. At its inception, fishery science was limited by a nineteenth century mechanistic worldview and by computational technology; thus, the relatively simple equations of population ecology became the fundamental ecological science underlying fisheries. The time has come for this to change and for community ecology to become the fundamental ecological science underlying fisheries. This point will be illustrated with two examples. First, when viewed from a community perspective, excess production must be considered in the context of biomass left for predators. We argue that this is a better measure of the effects of fisheries than spawning biomass per recruit. Second, we shall analyse a simple, but still multi–species, model for fishery management that considers the alternatives of harvest regulations, inshore marine protected areas and offshore marine protected areas. Population or community perspectives lead to very different predictions about the efficacy of reserves.

Modeling the effects of fishery management and marine protected areas on the Beibu Gulf using spatial ecosystem simulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuozhi Chen ◽  
Shannan Xu ◽  
Yongsong Qiu ◽  
Zhaojin Lin ◽  
Xiaoping Jia
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Beibu Gulf ◽  
Ecosystem Simulation

Planktonic linkages among marine protected areas on the south Florida and southeast United States continental shelves

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1234-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A Hare ◽  
Harvey J Walsh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
South Florida ◽  
The South ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Southeast United States ◽  
Continental Shelves

One proposed benefit of marine protected areas (MPAs) is increased larval export, potentially increasing recruitment in unprotected areas. Because most marine species have planktonic larvae, information regarding planktonic transport is needed to evaluate the benefit of larval export. We used satellite-tracked drifters to define planktonic transport routes and rates from three MPAs along the south Florida and southeast United States (US) continental shelves. Drifter tracks indicated both long-distance transport and local retention. A probability model was developed based on drifter releases. The region was broken into zones; zone-specific residence times and movements between zones were defined from the drifter tracks. Transport out of the region in association with the Loop Current – Florida Current – Gulf Stream was the most frequently observed outcome, yet retention was high in the lower Florida Keys and on the Georgia shelf. From the model results, long-distance planktonic transport and local retention are the endpoints of a continuum rather than a dichotomy. Further, the outcome of planktonic transport is spatially heterogeneous with some regions exhibiting more retention and others exhibiting more export. The spatial aspects of planktonic transport described here should be considered in designing MPAs with fishery management objectives in the south Florida and southeast US shelf ecosystems.

scholarly journals The role of marine protected areas in environmental management

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Scientific Advice ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
High Level

Abstract Jennings, S. 2009. The role of marine protected areas in environmental management. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 16–21. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are one of several tools used to meet management objectives for the marine environment. These objectives reflect political and societal views, and increasingly reconcile fishery and conservation concerns, a consequence of common high-level drivers, such as the World Summit on Sustainable Development. The contribution of MPAs to meeting objectives should be assessed in conjunction with other tools, taking account of the management systems of which they are part. Many of the same factors determine the success of MPAs and other management tools, such as quality of governance and the social and economic situation of people using marine goods and services. Diverse legislation governs MPA designation. Designation could be simplified by prearranged and prenegotiated agreements among all relevant authorities. Agreements could specify how to make trade-offs among objectives, interpret scientific advice, ensure effective engagement among authorities and stakeholders, deal with appeals, and support progressive improvement. The jurisdiction and competence of fishery management authorities mean that they are well placed to contribute to the design, designation, and enforcement of MPAs. Their strengths include well-established procedures for accessing scientific advice, the capacity to work across multiple jurisdictions, experience with MPA management, and access to vessels and personnel for enforcement.

scholarly journals Marine Protected Areas as a tool for fishery management and ecosystem conservation: an Introduction

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Hoffmann ◽  
Angel Pérez-Ruzafa
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
Ecosystem Conservation

Abstract Hoffmann, E. and Pérez-Ruzafa, A. 2008. Marine Protected Areas as a tool for fishery management and ecosystem conservation: an Introduction. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1–5.

scholarly journals AVANCES EN EL DISEÑO DE UNA RED DE ÁREAS MARINAS PROTEGIDAS: ESTRATEGIA DE CONSERVACIÓN PARA EL NORTE DEL CARIBE CONTINENTAL COLOMBIANO

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Alonso C. ◽  
Carolina Segura Quintero ◽  
Paula Castillo Torres ◽  
José Gerhantz Muro
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Biological Organization ◽  
National Expert ◽  
Mpa Network

Ecological representative marine protected areas (MPA) establishment is an important management tool for natural marine and coastal resources use regulation and biodiversity protection. Through a systematized selection process using MARXAN decision support system (DSS), the first Colombian Northern Caribbean MPA network was designed. Fifty-one conservation targets at different biological organization levels (ecosystems, communities and species) as well as archeological, historical, and indigenous cultural important sites were identified based on national expert knowledge. Target and coastal systems (Tayrona, Palomino, and Guajira) quantitative conservation goals were established using four criteria: type, abundance, natural condition, and vulnerability. Conservation goals ranged between ≤ 10, 30, 60, and 100%. A portfolio with 63 priority conservation sites, equivalent to an area of 129964 ha, was identified. Based on their high representativeness, habitat heterogeneity, naturalness, and vulnerable life stages 32 sites (71971 ha) were selected above all to be included in the MPA network. Follow up detailed “planning site” is now required to identify boundaries, short and middle time conservation strategies and adequate national category management type proposal. Priority conservation sites adjacent to existing protected areas are suggested as extendable areas over the submerged boundaries.

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