Development of honey bee colonies initiated from package bees on the northern Great Plains of North America.

2008 ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Harris
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Bee Colonies

scholarly journals Land use in the Northern Great Plains region of the U.S. influences the survival and productivity of honey bee colonies

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Smart ◽  
Jeff S. Pettis ◽  
Ned Euliss ◽  
Marla S. Spivak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Past role and future outlook of the Conservation Reserve Program for supporting honey bees in the Great Plains

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (29) ◽  
pp. 7629-7634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clint R. V. Otto ◽  
Haochi Zheng ◽  
Alisa L. Gallant ◽  
Rich Iovanna ◽  
Benjamin L. Carlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Conservation Reserve Program ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Farm Bill ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
The Us ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
Bee Colonies

Human dependence on insect pollinators continues to grow even as pollinators face global declines. The Northern Great Plains (NGP), a region often referred to as America’s last honey bee (Apis mellifera) refuge, has undergone rapid land-cover change due to cropland expansion and weakened land conservation programs. We conducted a trend analysis and estimated conversion rates of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) enrollments around bee apiaries from 2006 to 2016 and developed models to identify areas of habitat loss. Our analysis revealed that NGP apiaries lost over 53% of lands enrolled in the CRP, and the rate of loss was highest in areas of high apiary density. We estimated over 163,000 ha of CRP lands in 2006 within 1.6 km of apiaries was converted to row crops by 2012. We also evaluated how alternative scenarios of future CRP acreage caps may affect habitat suitability for supporting honey bee colonies. Our scenario revealed that a further reduction in CRP lands to 7.7 million ha nationally would reduce the number of apiaries in the NGP that meet defined forage criteria by 28% on average. Alternatively, increasing the national cap to 15 million ha would increase the number of NGP apiaries that meet defined forage criteria by 155%. Our scenarios also show that strategic placement of CRP lands near existing apiaries increased the number of apiaries that meet forage criteria by 182%. Our research will be useful for informing the potential consequences of future US farm bill policy and land management in the epicenter of the US beekeeping industry.

Diversity dynamics of mammals in relation to tectonic and climatic history: comparison of three Neogene records from North America

Paleobiology ◽  
10.1666/12024 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Badgley ◽  
John A. Finarelli
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Landscape History ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Faunal Composition ◽  
Topographic Complexity ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
Climatic Optimum

In modern ecosystems, regions of topographic heterogeneity, when compared with nearby topographically homogeneous regions, support high species densities of mammals and other groups. This biogeographic pattern could be explained by either greater diversification rates or greater accommodation of species in topographically complex regions. In this context, we assess the hypothesis that changes in landscape history have stimulated diversification in mammals. Landscape history includes tectonic and climatic processes that influence topographic complexity at regional scales. We evaluated the influence of changes in topographic complexity and climate on origination and extinction rates of rodents, the most diverse clade of mammals.We compared the Neogene records of rodent diversity for three regions in North America. The Columbia Basin of the Pacific Northwest (Region 1) and the northern Rocky Mountains (Region 2) were tectonically active over much of the Cenozoic and are characterized by high topographic complexity today. The northern Great Plains (Region 3) have been tectonically quiescent, with low relief, throughout the Cenozoic. These three regions have distinctive geologic histories and substantial fossil records. All three regions showed significant changes in diversification and faunal composition over the Neogene. In the montane regions, originations and extinctions peaked at the onset and close, respectively, of the Miocene Climatic Optimum (17–14 Ma), with significant changes in faunal composition accompanying these episodes of diversification. In the Great Plains, rodents showed considerable turnover but infrequent diversification. Peak Neogene diversity in the Great Plains occurred during cooling after the Miocene Climatic Optimum. These histories suggest that climatic changes interacting with increasing topographic complexity intensify macroevolutionary processes. In addition, close tracking of diversity and fossil productivity with the stratigraphic record suggests either large-scale sampling biases or the mutual response of diversity and depositional processes to changes in landscape history.

Diatom Assemblages and Ionic Characterization of Lakes of the Northern Great Plains, North America: A Tool for Reconstructing Past Salinity and Climate Fluctuations

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1844-1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Fritz ◽  
S. Juggins ◽  
R. W. Battarbee
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
Sulfate Salts ◽  
Highly Correlated

The distribution of diatoms with respect to salinity and ionic gradients was studied in lakes of the northern Great Plains of North America. The lakes range from freshwater to hypersaline (0.65–270 g∙L−1) and include a variety of brine types, although the majority are dominated by sulfate salts. Canonical correspondence analysis of diatoms in the surface sediments of 66 lakes and associated water chemistry data indicates that diatom distributions are highly correlated with salinity. The ordination also suggests that brine type forms a significant environmental gradient and separates taxa characteristic of bicarbonate/carbonate lakes from those of sulfate-dominated systems. The salinityoptima and tolerances of diatom species are calculated by weighted averaging regression, and these data provide a tool for the reconstruction of past salinity and the inferance of climatic change in arid and semiarid regions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Elite Wheat Germ Plasm for Resistance to Tan Spot

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 1320-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Singh ◽  
M. Mergoum ◽  
S. Ali ◽  
T. B. Adhikari ◽  
E. M. Elias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Resistant Varieties

Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is a serious foliar disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North America. Control of tan spot through management practices and fungicide application is possible; however, the use of resistant varieties is the most effective and economical means of controlling tan spot. This study was conducted to determine the disease reaction of 126 elite hard red spring, white, and durum wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines collected from the northern Great Plains of the United States and Canada to individual races/toxins of P. tritici-repentis. Seedling evaluation of the 126 genotypes was done under controlled environmental conditions with virulent races 2, 3, and 5 of P. tritici-repentis and toxins Ptr ToxA and Ptr ToxB. Based on disease reactions, two resistant varieties and two advanced breeding lines adapted to the northern Great Plains were found to be resistant to all the races and insensitive to the toxins tested. Additionally, six genetically diverse lines/varieties were identified to be resistant to tan spot; however, these sources may not be well adapted to the northern Great Plains. These results suggest that the wheat germ plasm contains a broad genetic base for resistance to the most prevalent races of P. tritici-repentis in North America, and the resistant sources identified in this study may be utilized in wheat breeding programs to develop tan spot resistant varieties.

Seismic anisotropy and mantle flow beneath the northern Great Plains of North America

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 1971-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin B. Yang ◽  
Stephen S. Gao ◽  
Kelly H. Liu ◽  
Ahmed A. Elsheikh ◽  
Awad A. Lemnifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Seismic Anisotropy ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Mantle Flow
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