scholarly journals Temporal and spatial segregation of top predators (Felidae) in a Mexican tropical Biosphere Reserve

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Contreras-Díaz ◽  
Leroy Soria-Díaz ◽  
Yuriana Gómez-Ortiz ◽  
Rogelio Carrera-Treviño ◽  
Claudia C. Astudillo-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
Circular Statistics ◽  
Spatial Overlap ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
El Cielo Biosphere Reserve

Jaguars, Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758), and pumas, Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771) are the largest felids in the neotropics. Both can overlap in niche axes (time, space and prey), and are therefore potentially competing species. Segregation mechanisms presented by a low overlap in one of these axes of niche can facilitate the coexistence. Our aim was to analyze jaguar and puma temporal and spatial overlap for understanding their segregation mechanisms. Between 2015 and 2017, twenty-six camera trap stations were located in five habitat types of El Cielo Biosphere Reserve (ECBR) in northeastern Mexico. Temporal activity was analyzed using circular statistics and time overlap analysis. Spatial overlap was calculated with the Pianka index and a selectivity habitat analysis. Our results showed that jaguars and pumas were nocturnal and that the temporal overlap was high (∆4 = 0.77). We found an intermediate spatial overlap (Pianka index = 0.61). Jaguars were more selective and preferred the deciduous forest. In comparison, pumas preferred oak-pine forest, but also used oak and deciduous forest. Our results indicate that spatial segregation best explains the coexistence of jaguars and pumas in our study area, probably due to both habitat diversity in the reserve and the generalist habits of the puma.

scholarly journals El jaguar Panthera onca (Carnivora: Felidae) en la Reserva de la Biosfera “El Cielo”, Tamaulipas, México

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogelio Carrera-Treviño ◽  
Ivan Lira-Torres ◽  
Luis Martínez-García ◽  
Martha López-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Didelphis Virginiana ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
El Cielo Biosphere Reserve

Information on the ecology of jaguars (Panthera onca) in “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve in Tamaulipas, Mexico is scant and limited to anecdotic records in a handful of publications. The objectives of our study were to: a) determine population density and structure of jaguars, b) compare their activity patterns with that of pumas (Puma concolor), c) ascertain potential prey relative abundance, and d) evaluate local resident’s perception on loss of domestic animals due to jaguar predation. Between April 2013 and April 2014 we conducted camera trapping in Gomez Farias Township with a total sampling effort of 8 580 camera trap days. Besides, we completed 136 semi-structured interviews among local residents of Gomez Farias and Llera Townships to gather information on domestic animal losses attributed to jaguars and other carnivores. We identified eight different jaguar individuals during a complete year of camera-trapping, composed of four adult females, one juvenile female, two adult males and one juvenile male. We estimated a jaguar density of 5.9 ± 1.3 jaguars/100 km². Activity patterns for jaguars and pumas were similar as both were nocturnal and crepuscular in nature. The most abundant potential prey species for jaguars in the study site were Crax rubra, Cuniculus paca, Mazama temama, Odocoileus virginianus and Didelphis virginiana; while the rarest were Mephitis macroura and Procyon lotor. Interview results suggested that chickens, dogs, and house cats were the most consumed domestic animals from all reported losses by local residents (n= 107). This study represents the first attempt to describe jaguar ecology in “El Cielo” Biosphere Reserve; however, there is a need of additional monitoring efforts to determine the current status of jaguars in a larger area in order to establish conservation strategies. Finally, this jaguar population may have an important role in maintaining the species in the Sierra Madre Oriental biological corridor connecting populations in Nuevo Leon and San Luis states in Northeastern Mexico.

scholarly journals Interacciones temporales y espaciales de mesocarnívoros simpátricos en una Reserva de la Biosfera: ¿coexistencia o competencia?

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 996
Author(s):  
Rogelio Carrera-Treviño ◽  
Claudia C. Astudillo-Sánchez ◽  
Héctor A. Garza-Torres ◽  
Luis Martínez-García ◽  
LEROY SORIA-DÍAZ
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Spatial Overlap ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Interspecific interactions among tropical mesocarnivorous species and other mammalian trophic guilds have been poorly studied, despite they have important implications in the survival, structure, demography, and distribution of these species. In this study we analyzed spatio-temporal interactions of three sympatric mesocarnivores that are located in the Northeastern limit of their geographic distribution in Mexico, with the objective of analyzing if these species coexist or compete in the axis of the temporal and spatial niche. With a sampling period from January 2015 to December 2016 and 26 camera-trapping stations (with in a set of two camera traps opposite to each other) and located along roads and animal trails, we determined the activity pattern and habitat use of L. wiedii (margay), L. pardalis (ocelote) y P. yagouaroundi (yaguarundi). All independent photographs of each species were grouped into three temporal categories (day, night and twilight) and six habitat categories; Oak Forest, Oak-Pine Forest, Cloud Forest, Pine-Oak Forest, Tropical Deciduous Forest and Medium Forest. Temporal and spatial overlap between species (i.e interactions) was obtained with the Czekanowski index and the Pianka index, respectively. These indices are symmetrical and take values from zero to one, where the results close to zero indicate that there is no overlap between species and values close to one indicate overlap. We obtained a total of 379 independent photographs, of which 239 corresponded to margay, 118 to ocelot and 22 to yaguarundi. Margay and ocelot were nocturnal, with 75 % of their records in this category showing a high temporal overlap (0.85); whereas yaguarundi was fully diurnal, suggesting it may be able to coexist with the other two species (margay and ocelot). Moreover, the yaguarundi used habitat similar to ocelot and margay (with high spatial overlap of 0.81 and 0.72, respectively), while the spatial overlap between the margay and ocelot was intermediate (0.53), since they used in most cases different habitat types. Our results suggest that there is no interspecific competition among these tropical mesocarnivorous species, probably due to antagonistic interactions among them on the temporal and spatial axis. These strategies may positively favor populations of mesocarnivores, which are characterized by having a high territorial behavior.

scholarly journals Scientific mapping of the knowledge on the El Cielo Biosphere Reserve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmina Caballero Rico
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Ecological Perspective ◽  
Intellectual Structure ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
El Cielo Biosphere Reserve

Abstract: The current knowledge base of the El Cielo Biosphere Reserve (RBC), Tamaulipas, Mexico is identified from scientific publications between 1993 and 2019. Objective: Analyze, synthesize and categorize the studies published on El Cielo Biosphere Reserve (RBC), Tamaulipas. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology focused on the search, classification, and review of existing sources in the SCOPUS database from the perspective of the knowledge base. The study covered 37 publications that were analyzed considering scientific mapping in four dimensions: size, time, space, and composition. The analyses were performed using the Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny software tools. Results: It was found that the reviewed publications address biodiversity studies from a disciplinary approach and from an ecological perspective, which produces a fragmented knowledge of the territory and its problems. Limitations on study/implications: It is recognized that there may be publications that do not appear in the Scopus database Findings/conclusions: Knowledge about the El Cielo Biosphere Reserve is fragmented, with a disciplinary approach and from an ecological perspective. The lack of a critical mass of researchers to generate useful knowledge was observed. A weak intellectual structure was also found, which generates a reduced contribution to the conservation of biodiversity. The original contribution of this paper is the synthesis of the current state of knowledge about biodiversity conservation of the El Cielo Biosphere Reserve, which had not been performed previously.

Richness, Community Structure, and Diurnal Activity of Species of Ants along a Disturbance Gradient at El Cielo Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzel Rubí Rodríguez-de León ◽  
Crystian Sadiel Venegas-Barrera ◽  
Miguel Vásquez-Bolaños ◽  
Alfonso Correa-Sandoval ◽  
Jorge Víctor Horta-Vega
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Diurnal Activity ◽  
Disturbance Gradient ◽  
El Cielo Biosphere Reserve

scholarly journals Inventario florístico del Cerro El Cebú y zonas adyacentes en la Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo (Polígono V), Chiapas, México

2017 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Jorge Martínez-Meléndez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Pérez-Farrera ◽  
Oscar Farrera-Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Red List ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Oak Forest

A total of 502 species that belong to 115 families and 301 genera were recorded for Mt. El Cebu and adjacent zones in Polygon V of the El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve. The most speciose families were Orchiclaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Bromeliaceae and polypodiaceae with 58, 29, 28, 17, and 17 species, respectively. Six plant communities were recognized in the area, among which the cloud forest was the most diverse with 234 species, followed by pine-oak fore st with 150 species, and the tropical rain forest with 127. The oak forest and the tropical deciduous forest were less diverse, with 71 and 39 species, respectively. Only 13 species are included in the Mexican red list of endangered taxa.

English and Czech children’s literature: A contrastive corpus-driven phraseological approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markéta Malá
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Narrative Fiction ◽  
Fictional World ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
N Gram ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Characteristics

The paper explores the recurrent linguistic patterns in English and Czech children’s narrative fiction and their textual functions. It combines contrastive phraseological research with corpus-driven methods, taking frequency lists and n-grams as its starting points. The analysis focuses on the domains of time, space and body language. The results reveal register-specific recurrent linguistic patterns which play a role in the constitution of the fictional world of children’s literature, specifying its temporal and spatial characteristics, and relating to the communication among the protagonists. The method used also points out typological differences between the patterns employed in the two languages, and the limitations of the n-gram based approach.

scholarly journals Conservation value of a native forest fragment in a region of extensive agriculture

2000 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. CHIARELLO
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Muscovy Duck ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Maned Wolf

A survey of mammals and birds was carried out in a semi-deciduous forest fragment of 150 ha located in a zone of intensive agriculture in Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, south-eastern Brazil. Line transect sampling was used to census mammals and birds during six days, totalling 27.8 km of trails and 27.8 hours of observation. Twenty mammal species were confirmed in the area (except bats and small mammals), including rare or endangered species, such as the mountain lion (Puma concolor), the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), and the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). The brown capuchin monkey (Cebus apella) and the black-tufted-ear marmoset (Callithrix penicillata) were found frequently, suggesting high population density in the fragment. Regarding the avifauna, 49 bird species were recorded, most of them typical of open areas or forest edges. Some confirmed species, however, are becoming increasingly rare in the region, as for example the muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) and the toco toucan (Ramphastos toco). The results demonstrate that forest fragment of this size are refuges for native fauna in a region dominated almost exclusively by sugar-cane plantations. Besides faunal aspects, the conservation of these fragments is of great importance for the establishment of studies related to species preservation in the long term, including reintroduction and translocation projects, as well as studies related to genetic health of isolated populations.

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