In vitro Antistaphylococcal Activity of the Extracts of Several Neglected Plants in Malaysia

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.A. Zakaria ◽  
A.M. Mat Jais ◽  
M. Mastura ◽  
S.H. Mat Jusoh ◽  
A.M. Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antistaphylococcal Activity

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antistaphylococcal Antibiotics in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 367-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Keller
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Antistaphylococcal Activity ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Vitro Data ◽  
In Vitro Data

Staphylococci are the leading pathogens In continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-related peritonitis. Vancomycin appears to be an outstanding antistaphylococcal drug because resistance to It Is nearly absent. The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin and clinical cure rates of peritonitis with different dosing guidelines have been studied extensively. Different dosing guidelines with IP or IV loading doses followed or not followed by IP maintenance doses are used successfully, despite the fact that some of the dosing schemes produce apparently suboptimal drug levels referring to In vitro data like the MIC value (minimum Inhibitory concentration). Alternatively, amlnoglycosldes, cephalosporlns, Isoxazolyl penicillins, and broad-spectrum penicillins combined with betalactamase Inhibitors may be used for the treatment of gram-positive peritonitis. For the above panicillins pharmacokinetic data are scarce, and clinical experience is limited. Rifampin has excellent Intracellular antistaphylococcal activity and should be used In combination with other antibiotics. Although pharmacokinetic data are lacking, rifampin dosages do not require adaptation to renal function or replacement therapy.

scholarly journals Antistaphylococcal Activity of TD-1792, a Multivalent Glycopeptide-Cephalosporin Antibiotic

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 1584-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanne Blais ◽  
Stacey R. Lewis ◽  
Kevin M. Krause ◽  
Bret M. Benton
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Postantibiotic Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Antistaphylococcal Activity ◽  
Cephalosporin Antibiotic ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACTTD-1792 is a new multivalent glycopeptide-cephalosporin antibiotic with potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Thein vitroactivity of TD-1792 was tested against 527Staphylococcus aureusisolates, including multidrug-resistant isolates. TD-1792 was highly active against methicillin-susceptibleS. aureus(MIC90, 0.015 μg/ml), methicillin-resistantS. aureus, and heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediateS. aureus(MIC90, 0.03 μg/ml). Time-kill studies demonstrated the potent bactericidal activity of TD-1792 at concentrations of ≤0.12 μg/ml. A postantibiotic effect of >2 h was observed after exposure to TD-1792.

In Vitro Antistaphylococcal Activity of Collagen-Sealed Dacron Vascular Pros theses Bonded With Rifampin, Vancomycin, or Amikacin

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Edouard Magnan ◽  
Philippe Seyral ◽  
Didier Raoult ◽  
Alain Branchereau
Keyword(s):  
Antistaphylococcal Activity

scholarly journals A 1,000-Year-Old Antimicrobial Remedy with Antistaphylococcal Activity

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Freya Harrison ◽  
Aled E. L. Roberts ◽  
Rebecca Gabrilska ◽  
Kendra P. Rumbaugh ◽  
Christina Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
Antistaphylococcal Activity ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Materials Used

ABSTRACT Plant-derived compounds and other natural substances are a rich potential source of compounds that kill or attenuate pathogens that are resistant to current antibiotics. Medieval societies used a range of these natural substances to treat conditions clearly recognizable to the modern eye as microbial infections, and there has been much debate over the likely efficacy of these treatments. Our interdisciplinary team, comprising researchers from both sciences and humanities, identified and reconstructed a potential remedy for Staphylococcus aureus infection from a 10th century Anglo-Saxon leechbook. The remedy repeatedly killed established S. aureus biofilms in an in vitro model of soft tissue infection and killed methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in a mouse chronic wound model. While the remedy contained several ingredients that are individually known to have some antibacterial activity, full efficacy required the combined action of several ingredients, highlighting the scholarship of premodern doctors and the potential of ancient texts as a source of new antimicrobial agents. IMPORTANCE While the antibiotic potential of some materials used in historical medicine has been demonstrated, empirical tests of entire remedies are scarce. This is an important omission, because the efficacy of “ancientbiotics” could rely on the combined activity of their various ingredients. This would lead us to underestimate their efficacy and, by extension, the scholarship of premodern doctors. It could also help us to understand why some natural compounds that show antibacterial promise in the laboratory fail to yield positive results in clinical trials. We have reconstructed a 1,000-year-old remedy which kills the bacteria it was designed to treat and have shown that this activity relies on the combined activity of several antimicrobial ingredients. Our results highlight (i) the scholarship and rational methodology of premodern medical professionals and (ii) the untapped potential of premodern remedies for yielding novel therapeutics at a time when new antibiotics are desperately needed.

scholarly journals Mechanistic Assessment of DNA Ligase as an Antibacterial Target in Staphylococcus aureus

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 4095-4102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Podos ◽  
Jane A. Thanassi ◽  
Michael J. Pucci
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Dna Ligase ◽  
Adenylation Domain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antistaphylococcal Activity ◽  
Ob Fold ◽  
Antibacterial Target

ABSTRACTWe report the use of a known pyridochromanone inhibitor with antibacterial activity to assess the validity of NAD+-dependent DNA ligase (LigA) as an antibacterial target inStaphylococcus aureus. Potent inhibition of purified LigA was demonstrated in a DNA ligation assay (inhibition constant [Ki] = 4.0 nM) and in a DNA-independent enzyme adenylation assay using full-length LigA (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 28 nM) or its isolated adenylation domain (IC50= 36 nM). Antistaphylococcal activity was confirmed against methicillin-susceptible and -resistantS. aureus(MSSA and MRSA) strains (MIC = 1.0 μg/ml). Analysis of spontaneous resistance potential revealed a high frequency of emergence (4 × 10−7) of high-level resistant mutants (MIC > 64) with associatedligAlesions. There were no observable effects on growth rate in these mutants. Of 22 sequenced clones, 3 encoded point substitutions within the catalytic adenylation domain and 19 in the downstream oligonucleotide-binding (OB) fold and helix-hairpin-helix (HhH) domains.In vitrocharacterization of the enzymatic properties of four selected mutants revealed distinct signatures underlying their resistance to inhibition. The infrequent adenylation domain mutations altered the kinetics of adenylation and probably elicited resistance directly. In contrast, the highly represented OB fold domain mutations demonstrated a generalized resistance mechanism in which covalent LigA activation proceeds normally and yet the parameters of downstream ligation steps are altered. A resulting decrease in substrateKmand a consequent increase in substrate occupancy render LigA resistant to competitive inhibition. We conclude that the observed tolerance of staphylococcal cells to such hypomorphic mutations probably invalidates LigA as a viable target for antistaphylococcal chemotherapy.

scholarly journals In vitro antistaphylococcal activity of dalbavancin, a novel glycopeptide

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. ii21-ii24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lopez ◽  
Corinne Hackbarth ◽  
Gabriella Romanò ◽  
Joaquim Trias ◽  
Daniela Jabes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antistaphylococcal Activity

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE CENTRAL NORTH OF MOROCCO: A POSSIBLE SOURCE OF ALTERNATIVE DRUGS AGAINST METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

2019 ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
IKRAME ZEOUK ◽  
ABDELHAKIM EL OUALI LALAMI ◽  
KHADIJA BEKHTI
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antistaphylococcal Activity

Objective: The present study aims the investigation of the antimicrobial potential of medicinal plants selected in the central north of Morocco against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strain often involved in dermatitis. Methods: Structured interviews were carried out among 91 herbalists and traditional healers through a specific information questionnaire, the in vitro susceptibility of Staphylococcus strains award ethanol extracts was evaluated using the well-diffusion assay, while the agar-microdilution method was used to determinate the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The total phenolic and flavonoids contents of all tested extracts were also determined. Results: Based on the ethnobotanical survey, a total of 55 plant species belonging to 30 families were mentioned. The Lamiaceae family was the most represented (18.80%) followed by the Apiaceae family (10.90%). Leaves (45.00%) were the favored used part. Decoction method (48.53%) was the most frequently used to prepare remedies that are taken externally (75.00%). Nine of the 17 most selected species have shown an effective antistaphylococcal activity; the most active extracts were Punica granatum and Rhamnus alaternus with MIC values ranging between 0.25 mg/ml and 2.00 mg/ml. Conclusion: The current data confirm the good antistaphylococcal activity of P. granatum and R. alaternus and suggest that these species could constitute a promoter source for antistaphylococcal drugs with deeply studies.

Muraminomicins, novel ester derivatives: in vitro and in vivo antistaphylococcal activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 956-969
Author(s):  
Yoshiko Kagoshima ◽  
Akane Tokumitsu ◽  
Takeshi Masuda ◽  
Eiko Namba ◽  
Harumi Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antistaphylococcal Activity

scholarly journals Antistaphylococcal Activity of DX-619 Alone and in Combination with Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, and Linezolid Assessed by Time-Kill Synergy Testing

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1508-1511
Author(s):  
Kim Credito ◽  
Genrong Lin ◽  
Peter C. Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Antistaphylococcal Activity ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Synergy Testing

ABSTRACT Time-kill synergy studies testing in vitro activity of DX-619 alone and with added vancomycin, teicoplanin, or linezolid against 101 Staphylococcus aureus strains showed synergy between DX-619 and teicoplanin at 12 to 24 h in 72 strains and between DX-619 and vancomycin in 28 strains. No synergy was found with linezolid, and no antagonism was observed with any combination.

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