Irregular Astigmatism Induced by Irregular Epithelial Remodeling After Conductive Keratoplasty and Transepithelial CXL

AbstractWe investigated the relation between corneal regular and irregular astigmatism in normal human eyes. In 951 eyes of 951 patients, corneal irregular astigmatism, such as asymmetry and higher-order irregularity components, was calculated using the Fourier harmonic analysis of corneal topography data within the central 3-mm zone of the anterior corneal surface. The eyes were classified by the type of corneal regular astigmatism into four groups; minimum (< 0.75 diopters), with-the-rule (WTR), against-the-rule (ATR), and oblique astigmatism. The mean age was significantly different among the four groups (P < 0.001); patients with WTR astigmatism were the youngest, followed by those with minimum, oblique, and ATR astigmatism. Significant inter-group differences were found among the four groups in asymmetry (P = 0.005) and higher-order irregularity components (P < 0.001); the largest was in eyes with oblique astigmatism, followed by ATR, WTR, and minimum astigmatism. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that corneal regular astigmatism pattern significantly influenced the amount of corneal irregular astigmatism after controlling for confounding factors (P < 0.001). Corneal irregular astigmatism, such as asymmetry and higher order irregularity components, was the largest in eyes with oblique astigmatism, followed by those with ATR, WTR, and minimum astigmatism, even after adjustment for age of subjects.

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Possibilities of scleral lenses for visual rehabilitation of patients with corneal scars

Modern technologies in ophtalmology ◽

10.25276/2312-4911-2021-5-157-161 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 157-161

Author(s):

O.I. Ryabenko ◽

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O.M. Selina ◽

E.M. Tananakina ◽

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...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Contact Lenses ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Visual Rehabilitation ◽

Optical Correction ◽

Vision Correction ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Key Words Cornea ◽

Irregular Astigmatism ◽

Spectacle Correction

Purpose. To analyze the efficacy and safety of SCL in patients with corneal cicatricial changes and other concomitant conditions. Material and мethods. The study included 19 patients (20 eyes) with cicatricial deformity of the cornea of various etiology, who were fitted with scleral contact lenses. Results and discussions. The use of SCL is possible in post-traumatic pathology, such as corneoscleral scars with or without aphakia, as well as after keratitis with an outcome in cicatricial deformity, cicatricial changes after a burn. A significant increase in visual acuity compared with spectacle correction has been proven. Depending on the topography of the scar, it is possible to select scleral lenses such as Oblate and Prolate, as well as with different versions of the support zone: both toric and quadratic. Conclusion. Scleral lenses can be successfully used for optical correction in patients with cicatricial changes in the cornea and other concomitant post-traumatic conditions of ineffectiveness of other methods of visual rehabilitation. Key words: cornea, lenses, vision correction, contact lenses, visual rehabilitation, scleral lenses, corneal scars, post-traumatic astigmatism, aphakia, keratitis, toric lenses, quadratic lenses, astigmatism, irregular cornea, regular cornea, regular astigmatism, irregular cornea, irregular astigmatism, prolate, oblate.

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Temporal trends in Medicare item number 10924 for irregular astigmatism

Clinical and Experimental Optometry ◽

10.1080/08164622.2021.2008792 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Richard Lindsay ◽

Stephen J Vincent

Keyword(s):

Temporal Trends ◽

Item Number ◽

Irregular Astigmatism

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Shp2 in uterine stromal cells critically regulates on time embryo implantation and stromal decidualization by multiple pathways during early pregnancy

PLoS Genetics ◽

10.1371/journal.pgen.1010018 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. e1010018

Author(s):

Jianghong Cheng ◽

Jia Liang ◽

Yingzhe Li ◽

Xia Gao ◽

Mengjun Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Signaling Pathways ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Embryo Implantation ◽

Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽

Conditional Deletion ◽

Enhancer Binding Protein ◽

Epithelial Remodeling ◽

Multiple Signaling ◽

Transcription 3

Approximately 75% of failed pregnancies are considered to be due to embryo implantation failure or defects. Nevertheless, the explicit signaling mechanisms governing this process have not yet been elucidated. Here, we found that conditional deletion of the Shp2 gene in mouse uterine stromal cells deferred embryo implantation and inhibited the decidualization of stromal cells, which led to embryonic developmental delay and to the death of numerous embryos mid-gestation, ultimately reducing female fertility. The absence of Shp2 in stromal cells increased the proliferation of endometrial epithelial cells, thereby disturbing endometrial epithelial remodeling. However, Shp2 deletion impaired the proliferation and polyploidization of stromal cells, which are distinct characteristics of decidualization. In human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs), Shp2 expression gradually increased during the decidualization process. Knockout of Shp2 blocked the decidual differentiation of hESCs, while Shp2 overexpression had the opposite effect. Shp2 knockout inhibited the proliferation of hESCs during decidualization. Whole gene expression profiling analysis of hESCs during the decidualization process showed that Shp2 deficiency disrupted many signaling transduction pathways and gene expression. Analyses of hESCs and mouse uterine tissues confirmed that the signaling pathways extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), protein kinase B (AKT), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and their downstream transcription factors CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and Forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FOXO-1) were involved in the Shp2 regulation of decidualization. In summary, these results demonstrate that Shp2 plays a crucial role in stromal decidualization by mediating and coordinating multiple signaling pathways in uterine stromal cells. Our discovery possibly provides a novel key regulator of embryo implantation and novel therapeutic target for pregnancy failure.

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