Heart Valve Diseases in the Elderly

2013 ◽  
pp. 240-260
Author(s):  
Yos Morsi ◽  
Zhang Li ◽  
Sheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Prosthetic Valves ◽  
Aortic Sclerosis ◽  
Valve Diseases

This chapter gives an overview of heart valve diseases, their diagnostics techniques, and current and future treatments with particular emphasis on the elder generation. It starts with a brief presentation of anatomy of the heart and its valves and the effect of aging on the function of the heart. Subsequently the projection of the global older population is given, and the most common and frequently occurring valvular heart diseases including aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis, and aortic sclerosis are presented and discussed. Moreover, the current heart valve replacement techniques using mechanical or bio-prosthetic valves and the complications associated with the use of these artificial heart valves are presented and discussed. The chapter ends with a full account of the risk of mortality associated with the operation of heart valve replacement for older patients and the future directions for heart valve implementation using the tissue engineering concept.

CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS IN PATIENTS OVER 50 YEAR OLD WITH VALVULAR HEART DISEASES INDICATED FOR VALVE SURGERY

2016 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Bang Giap Vo ◽  
Anh Binh Ho ◽  
Van Minh Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Coronary Artery Lesions ◽  
Circumflex Coronary Artery ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Valve Diseases

Objectives: To investigate the features of coronary artery lesions in patients over 50 with heart valve diseases and to find out the relationship between the levels of coronary artery lesions and heart valve diseases. Results: In patients over 50 year old with heart valve diseases, the rate of significant coronary artery lesions is 55.5%. In which, significant lesions in the group of both mitral and aorta valve diseases is 44.19%, only mitral valve diseases is of 70%, only aortic valve diseases is of 51.85%. There is a relationship between the severity of mitral valve diseases and right coronary artery lesions (OR 3.74: 1.64 to 8.5, p = 0.0017) and circumflex coronary artery lesions (OR 2.59: 1.16 to 5.75, p = 0.0192). The severity of heart valve lesions in significant coronary artery lesions group is higher than insignificant coronary artery lesions group or normal group. Conclusion: Coronary artery lesions is common in patients > 50 years old with heart valve diseases, there is a relationship between the severity of mitral valve diseases and and right coronary artery lesions and circumflex coronary artery lesions. Key words: coronary artery lesions, mitral valvediseases

Dialdehyde pectin-crosslinked and hirudin-loaded decellularized porcine pericardium with improved matrix stability, enhanced anti-calcification and anticoagulant for bioprosthetic heart valves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyue Hu ◽  
Xu Peng ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Xiaoshuang Yu ◽  
Can Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Valve Diseases ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Matrix Stability ◽  
Transcatheter Valve ◽  
Valve Diseases ◽  
Porcine Pericardium

To conveniently and effectively cure heart valve diseases or defects, combining with transcatheter valve technology, bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) originated from the decellularized porcine pericardium (D-PP) have been broadly used...

Abstract 17101: Low-intensity Anticoagulant Treatment in Chinese Patients with Mechanical Heart Valve Prostheses: Early Outcomes of a Prospective, Multicenter Registry in China

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
JIA HU ◽  
BO FU ◽  
Jian-ping Xu ◽  
Ying-kang Shi ◽  
Li Dong
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Mechanical Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Anticoagulant Treatment ◽  
Low Intensity

Background: Current guidelines recommend vitamin K antagonist treatment with relatively higher international normalized ratio (INR) targets for patients with mechanical heart valve prostheses. However, there is lack of data from large clinical trials about the outcomes of low-intensity anticoagulant treatment in Chinese patients with mechanical heart valves. Methods: The Low-intensity Anticoagulation Therapy after Heart Valve Replacement is an ongoing multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study (ChiCTR-OCH-10001185). Between January 2011 and August 2013, qualified patients from 34 cardiac centers in China mainland were recruited in the Anticoagulation Therapy Database of Chinese Patients after Heart Valve Replacement. Baseline characteristics were collected and patients were followed up for anticoagulant treatment, INRs and adverse events till March 2014. Results: The database recruited 11,769 patients, and 11,040 patients (93.8%) undergoing mechanical heart valve replacement were analyzed in this study. The mean age was 48.9±11.5 years and 6,227 patients (56.4%) were female. A total of 9,870 patients (89.4%) of the baseline population completed at least 6 months follow-up. The median follow-up time was 1.2 years (range 0.5-2.2). For all 9,870 patients, 143,115 measurements of the INR were obtained. The average warfarin dosage was 2.98±1.16mg/d and the mean INR was 1.81±0.46, and 88.7% patients had an INR level≤2.5 during the follow-up period. The incidence of hemorrhagic events was the lowest in patients with an INR≤2.0, whereas the risk of thromboembolic complications in this group of patients was not significantly increased (Table 1). Conclusions: Low-intensity anticoagulation with an INR of 1.5 to 2.5 is safe and effective for Chinese patients with mechanical heart valves in short-term. The optimal INR targets for mechanical valve recipients with different implanting positions and risk factors require further investigation.

Recent Advances in Polymeric Heart Valves Research

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee Han Kuan ◽  
Lakshmi Prasad Dasi ◽  
Ajit Yoganathan ◽  
Hwa Liang Leo
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement ◽  
Artificial Heart Valve ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Cardiovascular Devices ◽  
Valve Prostheses ◽  
Hemodynamic Performance

Heart valve replacement is fast becoming a routine surgery worldwide, and heart valve prostheses are today considered among the most widely used cardiovascular devices. Mechanical and bioprostheses have been the traditional choices to the replacement surgeries. However, such valves continue to expose patients to risks including thrombosis, infection and limited valve durability. In recent years, advances in polymer science give rise to an important new class of artificial heart valve made predominantly of polyurethane-based materials, which show improved biocompatibility and biostability. These polymeric heart valves have demonstrated excellent hemodynamic performance and good durability with excellent fatigue stress resistance. Advancements in the designs and manufacturing methods also suggested improved in the durability of polymeric heart valves. Animal studies with these valves have also shown good biocompatibility with minimal calcification of the valve leaflets. With these promising progresses, polymeric heart valves could be a viable alternative in the heart valve replacement surgeries in the near future.

Extracellular matrix coating improves the biocompatibility of polymeric heart valves

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (46) ◽  
pp. 10616-10629
Author(s):  
Binggang Wu ◽  
Linhe Jin ◽  
Kailei Ding ◽  
Yonghua Zhou ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valve ◽  
Effective Therapy ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement

Prosthetic heart valve replacement is an effective therapy for patients with valvular heart disease.

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