Shades of the GNU in Zimbabwe (2009 – 13)

2016 ◽  
pp. 306-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collen Sabao
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The Political ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Constitution Making

The chapter seeks to make a comparative analysis of the representations of Zimbabwe's GNU in Zimbabwean newspapers – The Herald and NewsDay with regards to two main issues of contention – the Zimbabwe Sanctions Debate and the constitution making process. It is important to note that Zimbabwe at the time of the GNU was under European Union (EU) and United States of America imposed ‘sanctions' and the sanctions debate constituted one of the most contentious issues with regards to the relations between the parties to the GNU. As such, it examines the discourse linguistic question of ‘objectivity' (or ‘neutrality') in ‘hard' news reports on the matter in these newspapers and from an Appraisal linguistic theoretic perspective. It compares the textuality of purposively sampled ‘hard' news reports in The Herald and NewsDay that evince the political relations between the parties to the GNU and the functionalities of the GNU in general during the period between September 2009 and June 2013.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of the information duties in Belgian and American occupational pensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-63
Author(s):  
Marjolein Denys ◽  
David Pratt ◽  
Yves Stevens
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Occupational Pension ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Occupational Pensions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Right

Both the United States of America and Belgium attach great importance to communication duties in occupational pensions. Several legal sources in both countries provide the right to be informed to participants. The legislation in both countries seeks to ensure accurate, correct, transparent and understandable communication. Despite this resemblance, there are some differences in communication. The countries can learn from one another. Based on a theoretical framework developed in and for the European Union, the communication rights and duties in the USA and Belgium are analysed. This analysis leads to a better understanding of the different legal responsibilities, transparency rules, simplification efforts and technical correctness of the types of occupational pension information analyzed.

Russian Federation and the United States of America: geostrategic directions to manage the Ukrainian crisis

2019 ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Attarid Awadh Abdulhameed
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
National Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
Zero Sum

Ukrainia Remains of huge importance to Russian Strategy because of its Strategic importance. For being a privileged Postion in new Eurasia, without its existence there would be no logical resons for eastward Expansion by European Powers.  As well as in Connection with the progress of Ukrainian is no less important for the USA (VSD, NDI, CIA, or pentagon) and the European Union with all organs, and this is announced by John Kerry. There has always ben Russian Fear and Fear of any move by NATO or USA in the area that it poses a threat to  Russians national Security and its independent role and in funence  on its forces especially the Navy Forces. There for, the Crisis manyement was not Zero sum game, there are gains and offset losses, but Russia does not accept this and want a Zero Sun game because the USA. And European exteance is a Foot hold in Regin Which Russian sees as a threat to its national security and want to monopolize control in the strategic Qirim.

A Comparative Study of Pharmaceutical Incentives to Patents in India, USA and Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Kadian ◽  
Arun Nanda
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Development Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Development Process ◽  
Data Exclusivity ◽  
Patent Term

Background:: Protection of Intellectual Property Rights is a clear incentive to innovations; yet, several countries have provided further incentives to patents in pharmaceuticals because the full patent term of 20 years is largely exhausted, before marketing authorization. Objective:: The purpose of this article is to describe the various incentives to patents in the form of financial support, data exclusivity and most importantly extended market exclusivities and comparison of various incentives to patents in the United States of America, European Union and India. Methodology:: The detail of incentives is collected from various articles, latest topics, books, and newspapers. Result:: These incentives create a positive surrounding to encourage the drug development process, strengthen economic growth and improve a balance between new pharmaceuticals in the market and access of that medicine to general public at a reasonable price. Conclusion:: European Union and the United States of America are leading in the field of incentives to patenting in phar-maceuticals as compared to India. Indian Patent Act, 1970, needs to be re-looked in terms of data exclusivity and patent term extensions.

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