Ethical Concerns in Computer Science Projects

2011 ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Alistair Irons ◽  
Roger Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Science Projects ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Way

Many more computer systems do not work in the way they are intended (Sommerville, 2004; Pressman, 2004). Computer systems are also increasingly vulnerable to misuse (Edgar, 1997; Rowe & Thompson, 1996) and crime (Barrett, 1997; NHTCU, 2003; Casey, 2004). The concerns ascribed to the development of computer systems can also be attributed to the development of computer artifacts in undergraduate and postgraduate projects; poor software practice can often be traced back to the education of the practitioner. The main issue addressed here is the steps academics, computing schools, and departments and universities should take in order to address the potential harm that could result from inappropriate projects, and the potential benefits of introducing an ethical approval phase.

Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Medicine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene M. Langevin
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Therapeutic Massage ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Alternative Sources

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) refers to a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not considered to be part of conventional or allopathic medicine. Common CAM practices (e.g., acupuncture, meditation, and therapeutic massage) are gradually becoming incorporated into conventional care in response to patients looking to alternative sources for information and advice about health matters and increased understanding of various CAM methods through evidence-based testing. However, although the claims of some methods are supported with academic research, well-founded concerns remain in many popularized CAM practices regarding the lack of evidence and placebo effects. It is thus imperative for physicians to be comfortable in discussing CAM-related topics with patients and be able to appropriately and informatively guide them in a way that harnesses potential benefits and avoids potential harm. In this review, the major CAM therapies in the United States are examined, including the settings in which they are being used, evidence base status, and efficacy of some of the most commonly used modalities.  This review contains 5 figures, 21 tables, and 123 references. Keywords: Alternative medicine, complementary medicine, acupuncture, homeopathy, osteopathy, chiropractic, massage therapy, naturopathy

Research ethics

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Aaron Williamon ◽  
Jane Ginsborg ◽  
Rosie Perkins ◽  
George Waddell
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Ethical Research ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Music Research ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Selection Of

Chapter 3 of Performing Music Research explores the guiding principles on which ethical codes are based. These can be summarized as follows: people should not be harmed, nor their rights and dignity compromised, and research must be of scientific value and carried out with integrity. These issues must be considered and addressed in the earliest stages of research and in light of the potential benefits of the findings of the research to society. The chapter reflects on the philosophical underpinnings of ethical research and outlines the process whereby ethical approval is typically sought and obtained, with reference to a selection of codes of research ethics published by professional associations and regulatory bodies that guide and inform research activity.

scholarly journals Examining Professionals’ Critical Thinking about Children Who Pose a Serious Threat to Others

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 598-615
Author(s):  
Gavin Heron ◽  
Claire Lightowler
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Analytical Skills ◽  
Actual Harm ◽  
Harm To Others ◽  
Child Care Professionals ◽  
The Way

Abstract Concerns have been raised about the quality of child-care professionals’ critical thinking and analytical skills. This study examines the critical thinking demonstrated by professionals when discussing risk in relation to vulnerable children. Data were collected from thirty consultation meetings, each of which focused on assessing the risks of a child who presented a serious threat of harm to others. Discourse analysis is used to examine the way in which critical thinking about risk is discussed at the consultation meetings. The findings suggest that critical thinking is demonstrated by professionals in ways that differentiate between potential harm and actual harm, and in relation to harm children pose to themselves and to other people. Also, the willingness of professionals to ask relevant questions and challenge each other is an important way of prompting individuals to demonstrate critical thinking. However, professionals tend to demonstrate a relatively narrow conceptualisation of critical thinking. This narrow conceptualisation cannot be reduced solely to the abilities or traits of an individual or professional group and it is argued that the bureaucratic and procedural demands of organisations in relation to vulnerable children may be an important factor in limiting the way professionals demonstrate critical thinking.

scholarly journals Keuring en opleiding van rekenaarstelselontleders

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Fick ◽  
I. Van W Raubenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Job Analysis ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Job Description ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Systems Analysts ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
And Training ◽  
Selection Of

Some of the results of an extensive study on selection and training of computer systems analysts are reported. Special attention is devoted to a job description and job analysis as a basis for identifying the critical attributes and training requirements involved. The development and validation of a battery for the selection of computer systems analysts and students of computer science are discussed.

The Geospatial Semantic Web

2011 ◽  
pp. 588-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Moreno-Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Information Professionals ◽  
The Web ◽  
The Way

The Semantic Web (SW) and Geospatial Semantic Web (GSW) are considered the next step in the evolution of the Web. For most non-Web specialists, geospatial information professionals, and non-computer-science students these concepts and their impacts on the way we use the Web are not clearly understood. The purpose of this chapter is to provide this broad audience of non-specialists with a basic understanding of: the needs and visions driving the evolution toward the SW and GSW; the principles and technologies involved in their implementation; the state of the art in the efforts to create the GSW; the impacts of the GSW on the way we use the Web to discover, evaluate, and integrate geospatial data and services; and the needs for future research and development to make the GSW a reality. A background on the SW is first presented to serve as a basis for more specific discussions on the GSW.

Anti-Money Laundering Practices and Ethical Consumerism

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Ralla Mohammed Alazali
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Ethical Practices ◽  
Purchasing Decision ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Ethical Consumerism ◽  
Ethical Purchasing ◽  
The Way

There is no doubt that ethics is important to businesses. Managers can enhance their business reputation and increase customer satisfaction by acting ethically. Interestingly, the concern of ethics goes beyond businesses' practices to customers role in making an ethical purchasing decision. This phenomenon is known as ethical consumerism that show the way consumers view products and organizations based on their ethical concerns. The importance of studying ethics in the financial sector is emphasized in previous studies. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the importance of implementing ethical practices by businesses that positively influence customers decision to choose their products or/and services. A case study of one of the leading Bahraini banks demonstrates the importance of implementing anti-money laundry (AML) on ethical consumerism.

Perceptions and New Realities for the 21st Century Learner

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Jennifer (Jenny) L. Penland ◽  
Kennard Laviers
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Way

Of all the technologies emerging today, augmented reality (AR) stands to be one of, if not the, most transformational in the way we teach our students across the spectrum of age groups and subject matter. The authors propose “best practices” that allow the educator to use AR as a tool that will not only teach the processes of a skill but will also encourage students to use AR as a motivational tool that allows them to discover, explore, and perform work beyond what is capable with this revolutionary device. Finally, the authors provide and explore the artificial intelligence (AI) processors behind the technologies driving down cost while driving up the quality of AR and how this new field of computer science is transforming all facets of society and may end up changing pedagogy more profoundly than anything before it.

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