Gain Schedule PI Fuzzy Load Frequency Control for Two-Area Electric Power System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Tawfiq H. Elmenfy
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Rule Base ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Gain Schedule

The use of proportional integral (PI) load frequency control (LFC) to ensure the stable and reliable operation of electric power system is practical important. Any imbalance between synchronous generators and consumption loads will cause frequency unstable within the complete power system. The purpose of the load frequency control (LFC) is to keep the power system frequency and the inter-area tie power as near equilibrium point. This article introduces a gain schedule PI fuzzy load frequency control (GLFC) applying to two area electric power system. The GLFC consists of two level control systems, where the PI controller in the conventional form and its parameters are tuned in real time by fuzzy system. A fuzzy rule base is constructed in the form set of IF-THEN that describe how to choose the PI parameters under different operating conditions. The simulation has been conducted in MATLAB Simulink package. The effectiveness of the GLFC is measured by comparison with conventional PI load frequency controller.

Integration and Enhancement of Load Frequency Control Design for Diverse Sources Power System via DFIG Based Wind Power Generation and Interonnected via Parallel HVDC/EHVAC Tie-Lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 106-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulshan Sharma ◽  
K. Narayanan ◽  
I.E. Davidson ◽  
K.T. Akindeji
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Tie Lines ◽  
System States ◽  
Doubly Fed

The present paper discusses the integration as well as contribution of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines in load frequency control (LFC) of the modern electric power system in order to supply the quality as well as pollution free electric power to the modern customers. In addition the control areas are connected via HVDC tie-line in parallel with EHVAC line with diverse sources i.e. hydro, thermal and gas based power generations in each area. Efforts have been made to propose an optimal LFC design based on the feedback of few state variables which are available for the measurement and contains good information of the complete power system. The LFC design based on few states are implemented and the obtained results are presented to show the LFC enhancement considering DFIG and parallel HVDC/EHVAC lines. Atlast, the beauty and effectiveness of LFC based on few states are compared with LFC design depends on all system states under similar working conditions and the application results are presented.

scholarly journals 5G Poor and Rich Novel Control Scheme Based Load Frequency Regulation of a Two-Area System with 100% Renewables in Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Hady H. Fayek
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Non Linear

Remote farms in Africa are cultivated lands planned for 100% sustainable energy and organic agriculture in the future. This paper presents the load frequency control of a two-area power system feeding those farms. The power system is supplied by renewable technologies and storage facilities only which are photovoltaics, biogas, biodiesel, solar thermal, battery storage and flywheel storage systems. Each of those facilities has 150-kW capacity. This paper presents a model for each renewable energy technology and energy storage facility. The frequency is controlled by using a novel non-linear fractional order proportional integral derivative control scheme (NFOPID). The novel scheme is compared to a non-linear PID controller (NPID), fractional order PID controller (FOPID), and conventional PID. The effect of the different degradation factors related to the communication infrastructure, such as the time delay and packet loss, are modeled and simulated to assess the controlled system performance. A new cost function is presented in this research. The four controllers are tuned by novel poor and rich optimization (PRO) algorithm at different operating conditions. PRO controller design is compared to other state of the art techniques in this paper. The results show that the PRO design for a novel NFOPID controller has a promising future in load frequency control considering communication delays and packet loss. The simulation and optimization are applied on MATLAB/SIMULINK 2017a environment.

Fuzzy Logic Based Load Frequency Control of Two Area Power System in Deregulated Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajitha S. Priyadarsini ◽  
P. Melba Mary ◽  
N. Albert Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Power System ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Bilateral Contracts ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Frequency Control System ◽  
Tie Lines

In this paper fuzzy logic based load frequency control (LFC) of two area power system in deregulated environment was studied. A two area system is considered in which all areas are interconnected by normal AC tie-lines. In the proposed system the effects of bilateral contracts between DISCOs and GENCOs are also considered. The performance of the fuzzy logic controller is tested on a deregulated two area load frequency control system for different operating conditions using MATLAB Simulink tool.

scholarly journals Introducing LQR-fuzzy for a dynamic multi area LFC-DR model

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Palakaluri Srividya Devi ◽  
R.Vijaya Santhi
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Interconnected Power System

It is well known that Load Frequency Control (LFC) model plays a vital role in electric power system design and operation. In the literature, much research works has stated on the advantages and realization of DR (Demand Response), which has proved to be an important part of the future smart grid. In an interconnected power system, if a load   demand changes randomly, both frequency and tie line power varies. LFC-DR model is tuned by standard controllers like PI, PD, PID controllers, as they have constant gains. Hence, they are incapable of acquiring desirable dynamic performance for an extensive variety of operating conditions and various load changes. This paper presents the idea of introducing a DR control loop in the traditional Multi area LFC model (called LFC -DR) using LQR- Fuzzy Logic Control. The effect of DR-CDL i.e. (Demand Response Communication Delay Latency) in the design is also considered and is linearized using Padé approximation. Simulation results shows that the addition of DR control loop with proposed controller guarantees stability of the overall closed-loop LFC-DR system which effectively improves the system dynamic performance and is superior over a classical controller at different operating scenarios.

scholarly journals Adaptive Hybrid Fuzzy PI-LQR Optimal Control using Artificial Immune System via Clonal Selection for Two-Area Load Frequency Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-685
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdillah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Power System ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Test System ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Load Frequency

Load frequency control (LFC) problem has been a foremost issue in electrical power system operation and is becoming more important recently with growing size, changing structure, and complexity in interconnected power systems. In general, LFC system utilizes simple proportional integral (PI) controller. However, due to the PI control parameters are commonly adjusted based on classical or trial-error method (TEM), it is incapable of obtaining good dynamic performance for a wide range of operating conditions and various load change scenarios in a multi-area power system. This paper introduces a novel control scheme for load frequency control (LFC) using hybrid fuzzy proportional integral (fuzzy PI) and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimal control, where fuzzy logic control (FLC) is used to adjust the gains KP and KI of PI controller which called fuzzy PI in this paper, while the LQR optimal control method is employed to obtain the feedback gain KOP through Algebraic Riccati Equation (ARE). The merit of both control strategies is to tune their control feedback gains, which are KP, KI and KOP, regarding various system operating conditions. Artificial immune system (AIS) via clonal selection is utilized to optimize the membership function (MF) of fuzzy PI and weighting matrices Q and R of LQR optimal control in order to obtain their optimal feedback gains. To examine the efficacy of the proposed method, LFC of two-area power system model is utilized as a test system. The amalgamation of fuzzy PI-LQR is applied to improve the dynamic performance of two-area LFC. Other control schemes such as PI controller, hybrid PI controllerLQR, and hybrid fuzzy PI-LQR are also investigated to the studied a test system. The obtained simulation results show that the proposed method could compress the settling time and decrease the overshoot of LFC which is better than other approaches that are also employed to the tested system in this study.

Tuning of Load Frequency PID Controller of Electric Power System using Metaheuristic Algorithms

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Pasala Gopi ◽  
P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Metaheuristic Algorithms ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Interconnected Power System ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Load Perturbations

This paper investigates Load Frequency Control of multi area inter connected power system having different turbines with PID controller. The gain values of controller are optimized using different Metaheuristic Algorithms. The performance and validity of designed controllers were checked on multi area interconnected power system with various Step Load Perturbations. Finally, the performance of proposed controllers was compared with conventional controller and from the result it was proved that the proposed controller exhibits superior performance than conventional controller for various Step Load Perturbations.

Advance Two-Area Load Frequency Control Using Particle Swarm Optimization Scaled Fuzzy Logic

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqeel S. Jaber ◽  
Abu Zaharin B. Ahmad ◽  
Ahmed N. Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Power System ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Load Frequency ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Technique

One of the most important rules in electric power system operation and control is Load Frequency Controller (LFC). Many problems are subject to LFC such as a generating unit is suddenly disconnected by the protection equipment and suddenly large load is connected or disconnected. The frequency gets deviated from nominal value when the real power balance is harmed due to disturbances.LFC is responsible for load balancing and restoring the natural frequency to its natural position. In this paper, PSO-fuzzy logic technique for Load Frequency Control system was proposed. PSO optimization method is used to tuning the input and output gains for the fuzzy controller. The proposed method has been tested on two symmetrical thermal areas of an interconnected electrical power system. The simulation results are carried out in term of effectiveness of the frequency time response on its damping and compared it to common PID controller. The results show the performances of the proposed controller have quite promising compared to PID controller.

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