Soybean Isoflavones Influences Learning and Memory and Caspase-3 Levels in the Hippocampus of Rats after MWM Test

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 3178-3180
Author(s):  
Li Hai Jin ◽  
Xing Yu Zhao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Guo Qing Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Soybean Isoflavones ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Intermediate Dose

We assessed the effectiveness and mechanism of action of Soybean Isoflavones on learning and memory and Caspase-3 levels in the hippocampus of rats after Morris water maze (MWM test). Soybean Isoflavones (200,400 or 800 mg/kg/d) were administered by intragavage once daily for 14 consecutive days. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the ability of Soybean Isoflavones to increase learning and memory impairment. The levels of Caspase-3 in hippocampus of rats were detected by Westernblot after MWM test. Compared to untreated controls (P<0.01), MWM could be prolonged after Soybean Isoflavones treatment (P<0.05 for="" low="" and="" intermediate="" dose="" groups="" westernblot="" analysis="" showed="" that="" the="" protein="" expression="" of="" caspase-3="" was="" decreased="" in="" different="" concentration="" soybean="" isoflavones="" i="">P<0.05 and="" i="">P<0.01, respectively). The results suggest that Soybean Isoflavones is effective in improving the learning and memory in rats , the mechanism of which may be related Caspase ways.

Pecan Oil Influences Learning and Memory and NF-κB Levels in the Hippocampus of Rats after MWM Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 912-914 ◽  
pp. 1957-1960
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Xing Yu Zhao ◽  
Xue Lian Jin ◽  
Guo Qing Sun ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Intermediate Dose

We assessed the effectiveness and mechanism of action of Pecan oil on learning and memory and NF-κB levels in the hippocampus of rats after Morris water maze (MWM test). Pecan oil (200,400 or 800 mg/kg/d) were administered by intragavage once daily for 14 consecutive days. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the ability of Pecan oil to increase learning and memory impairment. The levels of NF-κB in hippocampus of rats were detected by Westernblot after MWM test. Compared to untreated controls (P<0.01), MWM could be prolonged after Pecan oil treatment (P<0.05 for low and intermediate dose groups). Westernblot analysis showed that the protein expression of NF-κB was decreased in different concentration Pecan oil(P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The results suggest that Pecan oil is effective in improving the learning and memory in rats, the mechanism of which may be related NF-κB expression decreasing.

Improvement of Impaired Memory in Mice by Schisandrin

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 1533-1538
Author(s):  
Yan Chun Wang ◽  
Kuang Ren ◽  
Nan Shen ◽  
Xiao Dong Huang ◽  
Hong Yan Fan
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Pentobarbital Sodium ◽  
Maze Test

We assessed the effectiveness and mechanism of action of schisandrin on modulation of learning and memory disorders in mice. Memory impairment was established in mice by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium (20 mg/kg). Schisandrin (0.5, 1.0, 2.0g/kg) were administered by intragavage once daily for 14 consecutive days. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the ability of schisandrin to reduce phenobarbital-induced learning and memory impairment. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) nitric oxide (NO) and catalase (CAT) were measured in brain tissue samples taken from the mice. Other biomarkers measured included expression of nuclear transcription factor-kappa-B (NF-κB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus CA1 region, which were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. On the fifth day of treatment, the mice in the pentobarbital sodium group performed worse on the Morris water maze test compared to untreated controls (P<0.01), which could be prolonged after schisandrin treatment (P<0.05 for="" low="" and="" intermediate="" dose="" groups="" analysis="" of="" brain="" tissues="" showed="" that="" compared="" with="" the="" control="" group="" no="" levels="" were="" increased="" sod="" cat="" activity="" decreased="" in="" pentobarbital="" sodium="" i="">P<0.01). After treatment with schisandrin, the NO levels were significantly decreased (P<0.01), while SOD and CAT activity increased (P<0.01). Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that, in phenobarbital only group, the protein expression of BDNF decreased, NF-κB increased compared to untreated controls, and schisandrin could reverse this trend (P<0.05 and="" i="">P<0.01, respectively). The results suggest that schisandrin is effective in improving the learning and memory deficiency induced by pentobarbital sodium, the mechanism of which may be related modulation of cellular response to oxidative stress.

Protective Effects of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Alkaloids on Alzheimer's Disease-like Symptoms Induced by High-methionine Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Pi ◽  
Guangping Lang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Jingshan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Dendrobium Nobile ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Neuron Damage ◽  
Cpg Island Methylation

Background: High methionine-diet (HMD) causes Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like symptoms. Previous studies have shown that Dendrobium nobile Lindle. alkaloids (DNLA) had potential benefits for AD. Object: Whether DNLA can improve AD-like symptoms induced by HMD is to be explored. Method: Mice were fed with 2% HMD diet for 11 weeks, the DNLA20 control group (20 mg/kg), DNLA10 group (10 mg/kg), and DNLA20 group (20 mg/kg) were administrated with DNLA for 3 months. Morris water maze test was used to detect learning and memory ability. Neuron damage was evaluated by HE and Nissl stainings. Levels of homocysteine (Hcy), beta-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42), S-adenosine methionine (SAM), and S-adenosine homocysteine (SAH) were detected by ELISA. Immunofluorescence and western blotting (WB) were used to determine the expression of proteins. CPG island methylation. Results: Morris water maze test revealed that DNLA improved learning and memory dysfunction. HE, Nissl, and immunofluorescence stainings showed that DNLA alleviated neuron damage and reduced the 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), Aβ1-40, and Aβ1-42 levels. DNLA also decreased the levels of Hcy and Aβ1-42 in the serum, along with decreased SAM/SAH levels in the liver tissue. WB results showed that DNLA down-regulated the expression of the amyloid-precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1 (PS1), beta-secretase-1 (BACE1), DNA methyltransferase1 (DNMT1), Aβ1-40, and Aβ1-42 proteins. DNLA also up-regulated the expression of the protein of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), neprilysin (NEP), DNMT3a, and DNMT3b. Meanwhile, DNLA increased CPG island methylation levels of APP and BACE1 genes. Conclusions: DNLA alleviated AD-like symptoms induced by HMD via the DNA methylation pathway.

Effects of olanzapine, sertindole and clozapine on learning and memory in the Morris water maze test in naive and MK-801-treated mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguz Mutlu ◽  
Güner Ulak ◽  
Ipek Komsuoglu Celikyurt ◽  
Füruzan Yıldız Akar ◽  
Faruk Erden
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Mk 801 ◽  
Maze Test

scholarly journals Treadmill Training Improves Cognitive Function via Increasing IGF2 Targeted Downregulation of miRNA-483

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu-Lin Xiong ◽  
Xiu-Juan Dong ◽  
Lu-Lu Xue ◽  
Jun-Jie Chen ◽  
Mohammed Al-hawwas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test

Abstract Background: Suitable exercise can promote development of cognitive function and improve learning and memory ability of the hippocampus. Nevertheless, mechanisms that elicit these positive effects of exercise are yet needing to be elucidated. IGF2 is known to act as a potent memory and cognitive enhancer, whereas the mechanism by which IGF2 regulates cognitive function related to moderate treadmill exercise remained largely vague.Methods: In the study, rats were subjected to slight, moderate and high intensity treadmill training for 6 weeks. Then, Morris Water maze test was employed to investigate hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory ability in rats subjected to different intensity treadmill exercise. Subsequently, the gene chip and Gene Ontology were used for analysis to explore the expression level of IGF2. Furthermore, The TargetScan_7.1, miRDB, and microRNA.org. databases was used to predict the target gene of IGF2. Results: After Morris Water maze test, we found that middle intensity treadmill training could obviously enhance learning and memory function of rats. The qRT-PCR and western blot confirmed that the expression of IGF2 was significantly upregulated in hippocampus after moderate treadmill exercise. Through databases, miRNA-483 was screened and predicted as the target gene of IGF2. Moreover, silencing IGF2 inhibited the neurite growth in the hippocampus of rats, while, miRNA-483-inhibitor ameliorated the silencing IGF2 induced hippocampal neurons impairment to promote the neurite outgrowth.Conclusions: These findings suggested that the treadmill training could enhance the cognitive function, in which the underlying mechanism is involving in elevating the expression level of IGF2 and associated with downregulated miRNA-483. This therefore provide a reliable theoretical explanation on improving cognitive function induced by moderate exercise.

Diosgenin Ameliorates Cognition Deficit and Attenuates Oxidative Damage in Senescent Mice Induced by D-Galactose

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
pp. 551-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan-Sung Chiu ◽  
Yung-Jia Chiu ◽  
Lung-Yuan Wu ◽  
Tsung-Chun Lu ◽  
Tai-Hung Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Morris Water Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Mice Brain ◽  
Improved Learning ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant ◽  
The Brain

This study attempted to access the neuroprotective effect of diosgenin on the senescent mice induced by d-galactose (D-gal). The mice in the experiments were orally administered with diosgenin (1, 5, 25 and 125 mg/kg), for four weeks from the sixth week. The learning and memory abilities of the mice in Morris water maze test and the mechanism involved in the neuroprotective effect of diosgenin on the mice brain tissue were investigated. Diosgenin (5, 25 and 125 mg/kg, p.o.) showed significantly improved learning and memory abilities in Morris water maze test compared to D-gal treated mice (200 mg/kg, ten weeks). Diosgenin also increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the brain of D-gal treated mice. These results indicated that diosgenin has the potential to be a useful treatment for cognitive impairment. In addition, the memory enhancing effect of diosgenin may be partly mediated via enhancing endogenous antioxidant enzymatic activities.

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