Research on the Zero-Bit Watermarking Algorithms Based on the Matrix Decomposition for Digital Images

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 674-677
Author(s):  
Li Jun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Matrix Decomposition ◽  
Special Technique ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Many ◽  
Tracking Object ◽  
Reversible Digital Watermarking ◽  
The Military

Due to the problem that the many digital images can be modified more and more easily, watermarking algorithms are proposed. There are many types of digital watermarking algorithms, such as robust digital watermarking algorithms, watermarking schemes for authentication, and reversible digital watermarking algorithms. However, there are some special images, such as the digital medical images for remote treatment, the military images for tracking object, and the remote sensing images, and they are so sensitive to any modification that we should authenticate the copyright by special technique. And this technique is zero-bit watermarking algorithms. In this paper, about zero-bit watermarking algorithms are surveyed. The basic procedures of these classical algorithms are analyzed, and some suggestion about the zero-bit algorithms is given.

scholarly journals A Modified Extrema Pattern with Multilinear Matrix Decomposition based RLC scheme for Efficient Serial Remote Sensing Images Mining

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelin Preethi R ◽  
G. Anandharaj
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Pattern Mining ◽  
Matrix Decomposition ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Sequential Patterns ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Group Matrix ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract The growth of serial remote sensing images (SRSI) offers abundant information for determining sequential spatial patterns in several fields like vegetation cover, urban development, and agricultural monitoring. Or else, traditional sequential pattern-mining algorithms cannot be applied efficiently or directly to remote sensing images. Here a new technique is proposed for enhancing the mining efficacy of spatial sequential patterns from raster serial remote sensing images (SRSI) based on pixel grouping approach. The modified extrema pattern is employed to offering grey-scale invariant transform of intensity values unlike previously employed local ternary pattern. The pattern features are computed by transformation process from which the multilinear matrix decomposition of the image is made by computing the covariance estimation on recognizing their orthogonal component. The matrix decomposition is then attained based on run length encoding process (RLC). The two rows of RLC vectors are intersected to attain pixel group matrix. Finally, the compressed image is attained in an efficient manner with effective mining time. The performance outcome reveals that the technique offered in this paper is capable of extracting spatial sequential patterns from SRSI effectively. The proposed system ensures that the entire patterns are extracted at a lower time consumption.

scholarly journals A Modified Extrema Pattern with Multilinear Matrix Decomposition based RLC scheme for Efficient Serial Remote Sensing Images Mining

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelin Preethi R ◽  
G. Anandharaj
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Pattern Mining ◽  
Matrix Decomposition ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Sequential Patterns ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Group Matrix ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract The growth of serial remote sensing images (SRSI) offers abundant information for determining sequential spatial patterns in several fields like vegetation cover, urban development, and agricultural monitoring. Or else, traditional sequential pattern-mining algorithms cannot be applied efficiently or directly to remote sensing images. Here a new technique is proposed for enhancing the mining efficacy of spatial sequential patterns from raster serial remote sensing images (SRSI) based on pixel grouping approach. The modified extrema pattern is employed to offering grey-scale invariant transform of intensity values unlike previously employed local ternary pattern. The pattern features are computed by transformation process from which the multilinear matrix decomposition of the image is made by computing the covariance estimation on recognizing their orthogonal component. The matrix decomposition is then attained based on run length encoding process (RLC). The two rows of RLC vectors are intersected to attain pixel group matrix. Finally, the compressed image is attained in an efficient manner with effective mining time. The performance outcome reveals that the technique offered in this paper is capable of extracting spatial sequential patterns from SRSI effectively. The proposed system ensures that the entire patterns are extracted at a lower time consumption.

Desertie naar de vijand in het Belgische frontleger tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Deel 2

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-175
Author(s):  
Jos Monballyu
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
World War ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Military Security ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Military ◽  
First World ◽  
Front Movement

Over de motieven waarom Belgische militairen tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog naar de Duitse vijand deserteerden is al veel geschreven. Volgens de Franstalige patriottische pers en literatuur van kort na de Eerste Wereldoorlog was die desertie uitsluitend te wijten aan de defaitistische ingesteldheid van de Vlaamse Frontbeweging en de talrijke aansporingen waarmee hun vier afgezanten naar de Duitsers (Jules Charpentier, Karel De Schaepdrijver, Vital Haesaert en Carlos Van Sante) de Vlaamse soldaten aan het IJzerfront bestookten. De Vlaamse historici probeerden die beschuldiging op allerlei manieren te weerleggen of schoven de verantwoordelijkheid voor die desertie in de schoenen van Antoon Pira en zijn Algemeen Vlaamsch Democratische Verbond. Geen enkele historicus ging daarbij na wat de deserteurs zelf over hun desertie naar de vijand te vertellen hadden. Dit deden zij nochtans uitvoerig tijdens de verschillende gerechtelijke ondervragingen waaraan zij na de oorlog werden onderworpen wanneer zij konden worden aangehouden. Het feit dat zij daarbij al strafbaar waren van zodra zij wetens en willens deserteerden ongeacht hun eigenlijke motief, liet hen daarbij toe om dit motief vrij complexloos mee te delen. Geen enkele van de overlopers van wie het strafdossier bewaard is, gaf echter toe dat hij omwille van de Vlaamse kwestie was overgelopen. Oorlogsmoeheid en de behoefte om zijn familieleden terug te zien waren, zoals in alle legers, de voornaamste motieven waarom zij naar de vijand deserteerden. Ook de Belgische Militaire Veiligheid en de krijgsauditeurs slaagden er trouwens niet in om een verband te leggen tussen de Vlaamse Frontbeweging en de Belgische deserties naar de vijand.________Desertion to the enemy in the Belgian front army during the First World War (part 2)Much has already been written about the reasons why Belgian soldiers deserted to the German enemy during the First World War. According to the French language patriotic press and literature dating from shortly after the First World War that desertion was exclusively due to the defeatist attitude of the Flemish Front Movement and the many exhortations with which their four representatives to the Germans (Jules Charpentier, Karel De Schaepdrijver, Vital Haesaert and Carlos Van Sante) bombarded the Flemish soldiers at the Yser Front. Flemish historians attempted in a variety of ways to refute that accusation or they shifted the responsibility for the desertion on to Antoon Pira and his Algemeen Vlaamsch Democratische Verbond (General Flemish Democratic Union). Not a single historian investigated what the deserters themselves had to say about their desertion to the enemy. However, the deserters gave extensive explanations during the detailed investigation that took place during the various judicial interrogations, to which they were submitted after the war if it was possible to arrest them. The fact that they were considered to have committed a criminal offence for having knowingly deserted whatever their actual motive, allowed them to communicate this motive without too many complexes. However, none of the defectors whose criminal records have been preserved admitted that he had defected for the sake of the Flemish Question.  As is the case in all armies, the main reasons for desertion to the enemy were war-weariness and the longing to see members of their family. The Belgian Military Security and the military auditors were not able either to establish a causal link between the Flemish Front Movement and the Belgian desertions to the enemy.

The Influence of Cu and Cr on the Matrix Decomposition of Quenched AlZnMg Alloy

1991 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. K11-K14 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dos Santos Lourenço ◽  
M. Cilense ◽  
W. Garlipp
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Decomposition ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
The Matrix

Identifying graph clusters using variational inference and links to covariance parametrization

2009 ◽  
Vol 367 (1906) ◽  
pp. 4407-4426
Author(s):  
David Barber
Keyword(s):  
Mean Field ◽  
Matrix Decomposition ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Positive Definite ◽  
Variational Inference ◽  
Field Theories ◽  
Variational Approximation ◽  
Positive Definite Matrices ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Non Gaussian

Finding clusters of well-connected nodes in a graph is a problem common to many domains, including social networks, the Internet and bioinformatics. From a computational viewpoint, finding these clusters or graph communities is a difficult problem. We use a clique matrix decomposition based on a statistical description that encourages clusters to be well connected and few in number. The formal intractability of inferring the clusters is addressed using a variational approximation inspired by mean-field theories in statistical mechanics. Clique matrices also play a natural role in parametrizing positive definite matrices under zero constraints on elements of the matrix. We show that clique matrices can parametrize all positive definite matrices restricted according to a decomposable graph and form a structured factor analysis approximation in the non-decomposable case. Extensions to conjugate Bayesian covariance priors and more general non-Gaussian independence models are briefly discussed.

The Politics of The Grain Trade in Iraq c. 1840-1917

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Grain Trade ◽  
The Many ◽  
Difficult Terrain ◽  
The Military

Anyone who watched the televison coverage of, or read about the African famine some years ago could not help but be appalled by the many obstacles erected to impede the progress of getting food to the starving millions in Ethiopia, Somalia and the Sudan. While it is true that the difficult terrain, an inhospitable climate and the lack of rain were partly responsible for the large-scale spread of famine and dearth in the African sub-continent, it is also true that local governments were responsible for creating impediments to the alleviation of mass hunger and starvation. Governments waging war against secessionist regimes and rebel armies used political means—primarily blockades of grain and other foodstuffs—to starve the enemy forces, creating misery among the military as well as civilian populations in the rebel areas.

scholarly journals Leadership – Training of Military Specialists in Particular Disciplines Focused on Mathematical Modelling

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarka Hoskova Mayerova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
University Education ◽  
Active Service ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
The Many ◽  
Correct Judgement ◽  
The Military

The primary mission of the Faculty of Military Leadership consists in providing university education for military professionals to become qualified experts, educated in military science and specially trained for the military service, able to fulfil a socially important role in carrying out security and state defence. In accordance with legislation in the students are also prepared for a “second career” after finishing their active service in the Army. This is not an easy goal. A quality commander should be thoroughly trained, able to make right decisions, know tactical and strategic levels of leadership, accomplish correct judgement, vision and planning, implementation and progress…, just a few terms frequently quoted and referred to this problem. Managers must often deal with factors that are beyond their control. Labour force has changed and grown during the past few decades; therefore, personnel managers must develop alternative attitudes in order to face current demands. Personnel directors must be cognizant of the many individual differences that are among employees: there are varying education levels, physical abilities, psychological and behavioural attributes, different levels of motivation, personality characteristics, etc. The paper deals with the situation of military professionals´ education at University of Defence in Brno, Czech Republic. Keywords: Crisis situation; Mathematical modelling; Training of military specialist  

scholarly journals Linear Precoding Scheme Design for MIMO Two-Way Relay Systems with Imperfect Channel State Information

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-min Chen ◽  
Jun-xu Su ◽  
Qiu-ming Zhu ◽  
Xu-jun Hu ◽  
Zhu Fang
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Scheme ◽  
Matrix Decomposition ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Linear Precoding ◽  
Imperfect Channel State Information ◽  
Channel State ◽  
State Information ◽  
Scheme Design ◽  
Decomposition Scheme ◽  
The Matrix

The aim of this paper is to investigate a linear precoding scheme design for a multiple-input multiple-output two-way relay system with imperfect channel state information. The scheme design is simplified as an optimal problem with precoding matrix variables, which is deduced with the maximum power constraint at the relay station based on the minimum mean square error criterion. With channel feedback delay at both ends of the channel and the channel estimation errors being taken into account, we propose a matrix decomposition scheme and a joint iterative scheme to minimize the average sum mean square error. The matrix decomposition method is used to derive the closed form of the relay matrix, and the joint iterative algorithm is used to optimize the precoding matrix and the processing matrix. According to numerical simulation results, the matrix decomposition scheme reduces the system bit error rate (BER) effectively and the joint iterative scheme achieves the best performance of BER against existing methods.

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