Studies on the Hydrodynamic Flow through the Cylinder Valve

2013 ◽  
Vol 837 ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Daniela Florescu ◽  
Iulian Florescu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Hydrodynamic Flow ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Velocity Variations

The paper aims to highlight the pressure and velocity variations on power lines created by water flowing through a cylindrical valve. Drain valve is typical cylindrical bottom of the dam or hydroelectric penstocks. Varieties of dimensions of these valves allow different analyses of the dynamics within them. The valves are able to access water from both sides and different ways of filling and closing action items. This paper presents a method to analyse the influence of parameters on physical-mechanical construction or operation and hence derive dynamic optimal design of these types of valves. Refer to the more intermediate positions of the piston sealing and visualization power lines and areas of turbulence for each position.

Optimal design of current collectors for microfluidic fuel cell with flow-through porous electrodes: Model and experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 413-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Wenguang Fan ◽  
Jin Xuan ◽  
Michael K.H. Leung ◽  
Keqing Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Current Collectors ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Microfluidic Fuel Cell

Hydrodynamic Flow through Loading and in vitro Secondary Caries Development

2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.K. Kuper ◽  
N.J.M. Opdam ◽  
E.M. Bronkhorst ◽  
J.L. Ruben ◽  
M.C.D.N.J.M. Huysmans
Keyword(s):  
Hydrodynamic Flow ◽  
Secondary Caries ◽  
Flow Through

scholarly journals Correlation measurements in a turbulent flow through a pipe

1936 ◽  
Vol 157 (892) ◽  
pp. 537-546 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Photographic Plate ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Hot Wires ◽  
Velocity Variations ◽  
Elliptical Area

Measurements of the correlation between the velocity at pairs of points in a turbulent stream flowing between two planes 24·6 cc. apart ( i. e ., a two-dimensional pipe) have been made by Reichardt. Reichardt’s first measurements were made by estimating the ratio of the diameters of the elliptical area blackened on a photographic plate by a spot of light, which moved so that the velocity variations at the two hot wires caused the spot to move in two perpendicular directions over the plate. This method has the disadvantage that unless the blackened area is truly elliptical some difficulty must arise in calculating the correlation coefficient. The method is also inaccurate when there is very little correlation between the velocity variations at the two wires.

Studies on the Design of Reverse Osmosis Water Desalination Systems for Cost and Energy Efficiency

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Hamza ◽  
Mohammed Shalaby ◽  
Ashraf O. Nassef ◽  
Mohamed F. Aly ◽  
Kazuhiro Saitou
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Salt Ions ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Cost

This paper explores optimal design of reverse osmosis (RO) systems for water desalination. In these systems, salty water flows at high pressure through vessels containing semi-permeable membrane modules. The membranes can allow water to flow through, but prohibit the passage of salt ions. When the pressure is sufficiently high, water molecules will flow through the membranes leaving the salt ions behind, and are collected in a fresh water stream. Typical system design variables include the number and layout of the vessels and membrane modules, as well as the operating pressure and flow rate. This paper presents models for single and two-stage pressure vessel configurations. The models are used to explore the various design scenarios in order to minimize the cost and energy required per unit volume of produced fresh water. Multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) is used to generate the Pareto-optimal design scenarios for the systems. Case studies are considered for four different water salinity concentration levels. Results of the studies indicate that even though the energy required to drive the RO system is a major contributor to the cost of fresh water production, there exists a tradeoff between minimum energy and minimum cost. An additional parametric study on the unit cost of energy is performed in order to explore future trends. The parametric study demonstrates how an increase in the unit cost of energy may shift the minimum cost designs to shift to more energy-efficient design scenarios.

Studies on the Variation of Flow Parameters through a Ball Valve

2013 ◽  
Vol 321-324 ◽  
pp. 1799-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulian Florescu ◽  
Daniela Florescu ◽  
Dragoş Nedelcu
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Ball Valve ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Flow Simulations ◽  
Operation Analysis ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Valve Opening ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Valve Operation ◽  
Loan Losses

This paper aims to highlight the current line of flow through a ball valve for opening its different angles. We chose to study the values of values 30o, 45o, 60o and 75o as represented in figures. Flow simulations were performed using Fluent 6.3 software, power lines are marked by their tangent vectors speed. For a default value of power flow and pressure were represented power lines following the turbulence and hence the increased loan losses occur. This ball valve operation analysis may reveal different hydraulic energy losses given conditions different valve opening and leads to a modern design and dynamic analysis of operation.

Design Optimization of Reverse Osmosis Water Desalination Systems via Genetic Algorithms

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Hamza ◽  
Mohammed Shalaby ◽  
Ashraf O. Nassef ◽  
Mohamed F. Aly ◽  
Kazuhiro Saitou
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Discrete Variables ◽  
Salt Ions ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Membrane Modules

This paper explores the application of genetic algorithms (GA) for optimal design of reverse osmosis (RO) water desalination systems. While RO desalination is among the most cost and energy efficient methods for water desalination, optimal design of such systems is rarely an easy task. In these systems, salty water is made to flow at high pressure through vessels that contain semi-permeable membrane modules. The membranes can allow water to flow through, but prohibit the passage of salt ions. When the pressure is sufficiently high, water molecules will flow through the membranes leaving the salt ions behind and are collected in a fresh water stream. Typical system design variables for RO systems include the number and layout of the vessels and membrane modules, as well as the operating pressure and flow rate. This paper explores models for single and two-stage RO pressure vessel configurations. The number and layout of the vessels and membrane modules are regarded as discrete variables, while the operating pressures and flow rate are regarded as continuous variables. GA is applied to optimize the models for minimum overall cost of unit produced fresh water. Case studies are considered for four different water salinity concentration levels. In each of the studies, three different types of crossover are explored in the GA. While all the studied crossover types yielded satisfactory results, the crossover types that attempt to exploit design variable continuity performed slightly better, even for the discrete variables of this problem.

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