Characteristics of Soil Respiration in a Phyllostachys Pubescens Plantation in the Northeast of Subtropics

2013 ◽  
Vol 869-870 ◽  
pp. 832-835
Author(s):  
Ya Cong Wu ◽  
Zheng Cai Li ◽  
Cai Fang Cheng ◽  
Shao Jie Ma
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
Litter Respiration ◽  
Total Soil Respiration

Soil respiration was continuously measured in situ by using Licor-8150 in aPhyllostachys pubescensplantation, located in Miaoshanwu Forest Ecosystem Research Station in Fuyang, Zhejiang Province. Soil respiration showed an obvious variation in season, which is consistent with the variation of soil temperature, peaking at the hottest month (August) and bottoming out at the coldest month (January). Moreover, the ratios of different soil respiration components to total soil respiration were different, with 25.7% in root respiration, 57.0% in litter respiration and 17.3% in heterotrophic respiration.

scholarly journals Contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration during non-growing season in mine reclaimed soil with different covering soil thicknesses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
Xiaoyang Chen ◽  
Zhiyong Hu ◽  
Tingyu Fan ◽  
Shiwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Growth Season ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Reclaimed Soil ◽  
Total Soil Respiration ◽  
Monthly Variations

Abstract An accurate assessment of root respiration in mine reclaimed soil is important for effectively evaluating mining area ecosystem. This study investigated dynamic changes in root respiration and contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration (Rr/Rt ratio) during the non-growth season in mine reclaimed soil with different covering soil thicknesses. According to covering soil thicknesses, the study area was divided into four sites: 10-25 cm (site A), 25-45 cm (site B), 45-55 cm (site C) and 55-65 cm (site D). From November 2017 to April 2018 (except February in 2018), the soil respiration, root respiration, temperature at 5 cm, water content and root biomass were measured. The results showed that soil temperature and root respiration exhibited similar diurnal and monthly variations. The root respiration was strongly influenced by soil temperature during the non-growing season, which showed an exponential and positive relationship with soil temperature (P<0.001). The root respiration varied with the covering soil thickness and was the greatest with the covering soil thickness at 25–45 cm. The Rr/Rt ratio also exhibited monthly variations. During the non-growth season, the mean value of the Rr/Rt ratio were 51.15% in mine reclaimed soil. The study indicated that root respiration was the primary source of soil respiration and important to estimate the potential of emission of soil CO 2 at regional scale in mine reclaimed soil.

scholarly journals Contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration during non-growing season in mine reclaimed soil with different covering soil thicknesses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
Xiaoyang Chen ◽  
Zhiyong Hu ◽  
Tingyu Fan ◽  
Shiwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Reclaimed Soil ◽  
Total Soil Respiration ◽  
Monthly Variations

Abstract An accurate assessment of root respiration in mine reclaimed soil is important for effectively evaluating mining area ecosystem. This study investigated dynamic changes in root respiration and contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration (Rr/Rt ratio) during the non-growing season in mine reclaimed soil with different covering soil thicknesses. According to covering soil thicknesses, the study area was divided into four sites: 10-25 cm (site A), 25-45 cm (site B), 45-55 cm (site C) and 55-65 cm (site D). From November 2017 to April 2018 (except February in 2018), the soil respiration, root respiration, temperature at 5 cm, water content and root biomass were measured. The results showed that soil temperature and root respiration exhibited similar diurnal and monthly variations. The root respiration was strongly influenced by soil temperature during the non-growing season, which showed an exponential and positive relationship with soil temperature (P<0.001). The root respiration varied with the covering soil thickness and was the greatest with the covering soil thickness at 25–45 cm. The Rr/Rt ratio also exhibited monthly variations. During the non-growing season, the mean value of the Rr/Rt ratio was 51.15% in mine reclaimed soil. The study indicated that root respiration was the primary source of soil respiration and important to estimate the potential emission of soil CO2 at regional scale in mine reclaimed soil.

scholarly journals Contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration during non-growing season in mine reclaimed soil with different covering-soil thicknesses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
Xiaoyang Chen ◽  
Zhiyong Hu ◽  
Tingyu Fan ◽  
Shiwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Reclaimed Soil ◽  
Total Soil Respiration ◽  
Monthly Variations

AbstractAn accurate assessment of root respiration in mine reclaimed soil is important for effectively evaluating mining area ecosystems. This study investigated dynamic changes in root respiration and the contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration (Rr/Rt ratio) during the non-growing season in mine reclaimed soil, with different covering-soil thicknesses. According to the covering-soil thicknesses, the study area was divided into four sites: 10–25 cm (site A), 25–45 cm (site B), 45–55 cm (site C), and 55–65 cm (site D). From November 2017 to April 2018 (except February in 2018), the soil respiration, root respiration, temperature at 5 cm, water content, and root biomass were measured. The results show that soil temperature and root respiration exhibited similar diurnal and monthly variations. The root respiration is strongly influenced by soil temperature during the non-growing season, with an exponential and positive relationship (P < 0.001). Root respiration varies with the covering-soil thickness and is greatest with a covering-soil thickness of 25–45 cm. The Rr/Rt ratio also exhibits monthly variations. During the non-growing season, the mean value of the Rr/Rt ratio is 51.15% in mine reclaimed soil. The study indicates that root respiration is the primary source of soil respiration and is an important factor for estimating the potential emission of soil CO2 from mine reclaimed soil at the regional scale.

scholarly journals Contribution of Root Respiration to Total Soil Respiration During the Non-growth Seasonin Mine Reclaimed Soil With Different Covering Soil Thicknesses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
Xiaoyang Chen ◽  
Zhiyong Hu ◽  
Tingyu Fan ◽  
Shiwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Growth Season ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Reclaimed Soil ◽  
Total Soil Respiration ◽  
Monthly Variations

Abstract An accurate assessment of root respiration in mine reclaimed soil is important for effectively evaluating mining area ecosystem. This study investigated dynamic changes in root respiration and contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration (Rr/Rt ratio) during the non-growth season in mine reclaimed soil with different covering soil thicknesses. According to covering soil thicknesses, the study area was divided into four sites: 10-25 cm (site A), 25-45 cm (site B), 45-55 cm (site C) and 55-65 cm (site D). From November 2017 to April 2018 (except February in 2018), the soil respiration, root respiration, temperature at 5 cm, water content and root biomass were measured. The results showed thatsoiltemperature and root respiration exhibited similar diurnal and monthly variations. The root respiration was strongly influenced by soil temperature during the non-growing season, which showed an exponential and positive relationship with soil temperature (P<0.001). The root respiration varied withthe covering soil thickness and was the greatest with the covering soil thickness at 25–45 cm.The Rr/Rt ratio also exhibited monthly variations. During the non-growth season, the mean value of the Rr/Rt ratio were 51.15% in mine reclaimed soil. The study indicated that root respiration was the primary source of soil respiration and important to estimate the potential of emission of soilCO2 at regional scale inmine reclaimed soil.

scholarly journals Measurements of soil respiration and simple models dependent on moisture and temperature for an Amazonian southwest tropical forest

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 6147-6177 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. B. Zanchi ◽  
H. R. da Rocha ◽  
H. C. de Freitas ◽  
B. Kruijt ◽  
M. J. Waterloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
Fresh Litter ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Abstract. Soil respiration plays a significant role in the carbon cycle of Amazonian tropical forests, although in situ measurements have only been poorly reported and the dependence of soil moisture and soil temperature also weakly understood. This work investigates the temporal variability of soil respiration using field measurements, which also included soil moisture, soil temperature and litterfall, from April 2003 to January 2004, in a southwest Brazilian tropical rainforest near Ji-Paraná, Rondônia. The experimental design deployed five automatic (static, semi-opened) soil chambers connected to an infra-red CO2 gas analyzer. The mean half-hourly soil respiration showed a large scattering from 0.6 to 18.9 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1 and the average was 8.0±3.4 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1. Soil respiration varied seasonally, being lower in the dry season and higher in the wet season, which generally responded positively to the variation of soil moisture and temperature year round. The peak was reached in the dry-to-wet season transition (September), this coincided with increasing sunlight, evapotranspiration and ecosystem productivity. Litterfall processes contributed to meet very favorable conditions for biomass decomposition in early wet season, especially the fresh litter on the forest floor accumulated during the dry season. We attempted to fit three models with the data: the exponential Q10 model, the Reichstein model, and the log-soil moisture model. The models do not contradict the scattering of observations, but poorly explain the variance of the half-hourly data, which is improved when the lag-time days averaging is longer. The observations suggested an optimum range of soil moisture, between 0.115

Partitioning of total soil respiration into root, rhizosphere and basal-soil CO2 fluxes in contrasting rice production systems

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 592
Author(s):  
S. Neogi ◽  
P. K. Dash ◽  
P. Bhattacharyya ◽  
S. R. Padhy ◽  
K. S. Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Labile Carbon ◽  
Basal Soil Respiration ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Total Soil Respiration

Soil respiration contributes significantly to ecosystem respiration and is vital in the context of climate change research. In a season-long experiment we studied total soil respiration (TSR) and its partitioning into root respiration, rhizospheric respiration (RhR) and basal-soil respiration in four contrasting rice production systems: irrigated lowland (IL) (cv. Gayatri); organic nutrient managed irrigated lowland (OIL) (cv. Geetanjali); system of rice intensification (SRI) (cv. Swarna); and aerobic rice system (Aerobic) (cv. APO). We considered TSR to be the sum of root respiration, RhR and basal-soil respiration. Irrespective of the rice production system, TSR was higher at panicle initiation stage. Considering all four systems, the RhR contributed the most (59–83%) and basal-soil respiration the least (10–19%) to the TSR. Mean RhR showed the trend of Aerobic &gt; SRI &gt; IL &gt; OIL across the growing seasons and indicated higher rhizosphere activities in the aerobic system. Mean root respiration showed a trend of IL &gt; OIL &gt; SRI &gt; Aerobic and mean basal-soil respiration had SRI &gt; IL &gt; OIL &gt; Aerobic. Soil labile carbon pools and heterotrophic populations were higher in OIL and dehydrogenase activity was higher in SRI. Microbial biomass carbon, readily mineralisable carbon, dehydrogenase activity and the heterotroph population showed positive correlations with RhR. Hence, regulation of RhR is crucial and can be achieved through rhizosphere modifications linked with labile carbon pools and soil enzymatic activities by plant physiological modification or through soil carbon stabilisation.

Comparative mycorrhizal fungal production and respiration of a neotropical rainforest versus a California mixed forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Allen ◽  
Michael Taggart ◽  
George Rothbart ◽  
Thomas Harmon
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Average Lifespan ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Total Soil Respiration ◽  
Neotropical Rainforest

&lt;p&gt;Mycorrhizae are a symbiosis between fungi and plants. We have learned about the complexity of mechanisms of interaction and interactions between the mycorrhizae and the local environment from over a century of laboratory observations experiments. Point observations and laboratory studies identify processes, but cannot delineate activity. Our goal is to use an in situ system to study mycorrhizal roots and fungi during hot moments, daily shifts, and seasonal change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We integrated continuous in situ observation-sensor measurements using our Soil Ecosystem Observatories. As turnover rate estimates are related to sample frequency, individual scans using manual minirhizotrons (Bartz and Rhizosystems) and Rhizosystems Automated Minirhizotrons (32,000-3.01mm x 2.26mm 307,200 pixel images). Automated scans were collected up to 4x daily. Manual scans across multiple tubes in campaigns provided spatial variation. Images were organized into mosaics using RootView software, and roots and hyphae identified and length, width and biovolume determined using RootDetector &lt;http://www.rhizosystems.com/&gt;. Individual roots and hyphae were tracked using RootFly &lt;https://cecas.clemson.edu/~stb/rootfly/&gt;. Lifespans were determined using Mark-Recapture modeling and turnover calculated. With each minirhizotron tube, sensors were placed at 3 or 4 depths for temperature, moisture, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; at 5minute intervals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mycorrhizal fungi (MF) explore soil for nutrients and requiring C. Most C to the hyphae is respired (with a &lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;C signal of autotrophic respiration), with the remaining divided into decomposing (heterotrophic respiration) and sequestered C pools.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our first site is a mature neotropical rainforest, the La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. Trees predominantly form arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM). AMF fungi comprise 50% of total fungal mass (PLFA). Aboveground NPP-C was 750g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Root standing crop C was 120g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, average lifespan 60days, =6 generations/y, = root NPP of 720g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/y. The AMF hyphal standing crop C was 12.5g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, average lifespan of 25 days, =14.7 generations/y, = AMF NPP of 183g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/y. With an NPP of 1,650g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/y, then AMF comprises 11% of NPP.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Soil respiration provides CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, converting in water to HCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;, altering soil pH (Henry's Law). AMF respiration thereby increases P availability. If 10% of the AM fungal hyphae are live, then the hyphal respiration is 438g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/y of C, =38% of total soil respiration and 16% of site respiration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our second site is a mature California mixed forest, USA. Ectomycorrhizal (EM) trees predominate. Annual NPP-C was 200g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, and root NPP was 200g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. EMF NPP was 162.6g/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, or 27% of the NPP. N, water, and temperature limit NPP. The seasonal signal was very high in this ecosystem. Peak standing crop of extramatrical EM hyphae was 19gC/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; in April. Total soil respiration in April was 0.26g/h, and extramatrical hyphae 0.029g/h, or 11% of the total soil respiration. Since P is less limiting, but N and water are, hyphae likely play a greater role in enzymatic activity and exploratory surface area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In summary, different mycorrhizal fungi play different roles depending on ecosystem limiting factors. With global change, our challenge is to determine how an ecosystem will change and the extent and rapidity of mycorrhizal fungal change.&lt;/p&gt;

Soil respiration in the seasonally dry tropics near Townsville, North-Queensland

Soil Research ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Holt ◽  
MJ Hodgen ◽  
D Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Untreated Soil ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Dry Tropics ◽  
Total Soil Respiration

The contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration has been examined in an Australian tropical semi-arid woodland. Respiration rates were estimated by measuring CO2 released from untreated soil and from soil where roots had been severed and were extensively decomposed. The amount of C released as CO2 by soil respiration was estimated to be 3800 kg ha-1 year-1, and by root respiration to be 1500 kg C ha-l year-1. Soil moisture was found to have a major effect on soil respiration, with temperature being less significant. Consequently, most respiratory activity in the soil was confined to the relatively short wet season, with respiration rates being much lower during the dry season.

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