Active Finite Element Method for Simulating the Contraction Behavior of a Muscle-Tendon Complex

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Pong Tsui ◽  
Chak Yin Tang ◽  
Chi Loong Chow ◽  
S.C. Hui ◽  
Y.L. Hong
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Muscle Model ◽  
Passive Component ◽  
Total Force ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Length Relationship ◽  
Passive Muscle ◽  
Element Method

A three-dimensional finite element analysis was conducted to simulate the effects of the varying material parameters on the contraction behaviors of a muscle-tendon complex using an active finite element method. The material behavior of the skeletal muscle was assumed to be orthotropic and the muscle model consists of two parts: the active and the passive parts. An active finite element method was then used for accommodating both the active and passive behaviors of the muscle into the muscle model. In this active-passive muscle model, the active component is governed by an activation level, a time period, a muscle sensitivity parameter and a strain rate. The material property of the passive component was assumed to be viscoelastic and the tendon is assumed to be linear elastic. The effects of activation amplitude and viscoelastic material parameters on the active, passive and total force-length relationship of the cat muscle under isometric contraction were predicted. The predicted results were found to be close to the experimental data reported in the available literature. Hence, the active-passive muscle model was extended to simulate the stress distribution of the cat muscle subject to shortening contraction and different activation amplitude. By varying the magnitude of the material parameters, different muscle behaviors could be generated. The proposed active finite element method lays a good foundation for simulation of human musculoskeletal motion.

A Sub-Domain Inverse Finite Element Characterization of Hyperelastic Membranes Including Soft Tissues

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padmanabhan Seshaiyer ◽  
Jay D. Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Inverse Finite Element Method ◽  
Complicated Geometry ◽  
Element Method

Quantification of the mechanical behavior of hyperelastic membranes in their service configuration, particularly biological tissues, is often challenging because of the complicated geometry, material heterogeneity, and nonlinear behavior under finite strains. Parameter estimation thus requires sophisticated techniques like the inverse finite element method. These techniques can also become difficult to apply, however, if the domain and boundary conditions are complex (e.g. a non-axisymmetric aneurysm). Quantification can alternatively be achieved by applying the inverse finite element method over sub-domains rather than the entire domain. The advantage of this technique, which is consistent with standard experimental practice, is that one can assume homogeneity of the material behavior as well as of the local stress and strain fields. In this paper, we develop a sub-domain inverse finite element method for characterizing the material properties of inflated hyperelastic membranes, including soft tissues. We illustrate the performance of this method for three different classes of materials: neo-Hookean, Mooney Rivlin, and Fung-exponential.

scholarly journals Rolling Resistance Estimation for PCR Tyre Design Using the Finite Element Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutisna Nanang Ali
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Total Force ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emission ◽  
Deformation Force ◽  
Rolling Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Alternative Designs ◽  
Element Method

This study presents rolling resistance estimation in the design process of passenger car radial (PCR) tyre by using finite element method. The rolling resistance coefficient of tyres has been becoming one of main requirements within the regulation in many countries as it is related to the level of allowable exhaust gas emission generated by vehicle. Therefore, the tyre being designed must be digitally simulated using finite element method before the tyre is manufactured to provide a high confident level and avoid unnecessary cost related to failure physical product testing. The simulation firstly computes the deformation of several alternative designs of tyres under certain loading, and then the value of deformation force in each tyre component during deformation took place is calculated. The total force of deformation is considered as energy loss or hysteresis loss resulted in tyre rolling resistance. The experiment was carried out on three different tyre designs: two grooves, three grooves, and four grooves. The four groove tyre design gave the smallest rolling resistance coefficient (RRC). Finally, the simulation was continued to compare different crown radius of the tyres and the result shows that the largest crown radius generates the lowest rolling resistance.

Prediction of Earing in IF Steels by Using Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 495-497 ◽  
pp. 1237-1242
Author(s):  
Shi Hoon Choi ◽  
Beong Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Crystal Plasticity ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Crystal Plasticity Finite Element ◽  
Crystal Plasticity Theory ◽  
Single Grain ◽  
Element Method

The effect of five ideal texture components ({001}<110>, {112}<110>, {111}<110>, {111}<112> and {554}<225>) typical in interstitial free (IF) steels on the development of ears was investigated using crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM). For the polycrystal model, the material behavior is described using crystal plasticity theory where each integration point in the element is considered to be a single grain of polycrystalline IF steel. The experimental earing profile for a IF steel was also compared to the earing profile predicted by CPFEM.

A Method for Determination of Elastohydrodynamic Behavior of Line Shafting Bearings in Their Environment

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Andreau ◽  
F. Ferdi ◽  
R. Ville ◽  
M. Fillon
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Dynamic Coefficients ◽  
Supporting Line ◽  
Element Method

Safe operation of a rotating line shafting needs to use proper tools and methodology for an accurate determination of its static and steady state behavior in running conditions. Taking into account properly the characteristics of shaft environment is of primary importance. These characteristics are mainly bearing material behavior, oil film dynamic coefficients (stiffness and damping), flexibility and deformations of structure supporting line shafting bearings. Global non linear behavior of the entire system needs to be analyzed to get an accurate solution, as oil film dynamic coefficients depend on steady state location of shaft inside the considered bearing, which depends itself on oil film stiffness, and also on flexibility and deformations of supporting structure. Calculations of structure flexibility and deformations, as well as line shafting stiffness characteristics are performed straightforwardly using finite element method. Solving global matrix equilibrium equation needs to solve elastohydrodynamic (EHD) problem on each bearing. A specific finite element method is developed for this purpose. This method is attractive for taking into account thick and flexible bearing materials such as multi layer synthetic materials. It can also support further developments (effects of geometry defects on bearings, solving thermoelastohydrodynamic problem). The application of the method to the propulsion line shafting of a large LNGC ship (Liquid Natural Gas Carrier) is presented, the final target being the determination of the most optimum bearing offsets for operating safely the vessel in all relevant conditions.

Burst Analysis of Cylindrical Shells

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Xue ◽  
G. E. O. Widera ◽  
Zhifu Sang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Finite Element Method Simulation ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Element Method

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the burst pressure of a cylindrical shell subjected to internal pressure can be accurately predicted by using finite element method. The computer software ANSYS (Swanson Analysis System Inc., 2003, “Engineering Analysis Systems User's Manual”) is employed to perform a static, nonlinear analysis (both geometry of deformation and material behavior) using three-dimensional 20 node structural solid elements. The “Newton–Raphson method” and the “arclength method” are both employed to solve the nonlinear equations. A comparison with various empirical equations shows that the static finite element method simulation using the arclength method can be employed with sufficient accuracy to predict the burst pressure of a cylindrical shell. It is also shown that the Barlow equation is a good predictor of burst pressure of cylindrical shells.

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