Simulate Efficacy of Vegetative Filter Strips Based on Coupling Model and its Application

As one of Best Management Practices, Vegetative Filter Strip (VFS) had been widely application and their effects were fine. Planning and design VFS is based on quantitative predicting the purification effect. A mathematical model by coupling Vegetative Filter Strip Model (VFSMOD) with the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) was designed to estimate sediments trapping efficiency of VFS under the different conditions. Furthermore, in this paper the applicability of coupling model had been tested well by plot experiments in Chinese northwest, so the coupling model was applied to simulate the efficacy of VFS in Shaanxi Heihe River basin. Result reveals that grassed filter strips with about 10 m width are reasonable in Heihe River basin. Besides that, it is unsuitable to set grassed filter strips under the conditions of 15° above slope in river bank.

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Integrated study of the water–ecosystem–economy in the Heihe River Basin

National Science Review ◽

10.1093/nsr/nwu017 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 413-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 268

Author(s):

Guodong Cheng ◽

Xin Li ◽

Wenzhi Zhao ◽

Zhongmin Xu ◽

Qi Feng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Management Practices ◽

River Basins ◽

River Basin Management ◽

Heihe River Basin ◽

Water Diversion ◽

Heihe River ◽

Inland River ◽

Water Ecosystem ◽

The Heihe River Basin

AbstractThe ecological water diversion project in the Heihe River Basin is the first successful case in China in which the ecological systems in a river basin have been rescued. This project serves as a valuable example for the management of ecosystems in other inland river basins. This paper reviews the integrated studies of the water–ecosystem–economy relationship in the Heihe River Basin and concludes that sustainable development in inland river basins requires the basin to be considered as a whole, with the relationships between the upstream, midstream and downstream areas of the basin coordinated appropriately. Successful development in these basins will be reflected in an improved output per cubic meter of water and the implementation of integrated river basin management practices.

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Identification of Critical Source Areas (CSAs) and Evaluation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) in Controlling Eutrophication in Dez River Basin

10.20944/preprints201901.0171.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hadi Babaei ◽

Mohammad Nazari-Sharabian ◽

Moses Karakouzian ◽

Sajjad Ahmad

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

River Channel ◽

Channel Management ◽

Critical Source Areas ◽

Filter Strips ◽

Source Areas ◽

Best Management ◽

Pollution Loads

Best management practices (BMPs) are a way to control pollution in river basins. Prioritization of BMPs helps improve efficiency and effectiveness of pollution reduction, especially in critical source areas (CSAs) that produce the highest pollution loads. Recently, the Dez River, Khuzestan, Iran, has become highly eutrophic from overuse of fertilizers and pesticides. Dry and irrigated farming produce 77.34% and 6.3% of the total nitrogen (TN) load, and 83.56% and 4.3% of the total phosphorus (TP) load in this basin, respectively. Residential, pasture, and forest land uses account for 16.36% of the TN and 12.14% of the TP load cumulatively. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was implemented to model the Dez River basin, and evaluate the applicability of several BMPs including point source elimination, filter strips, livestock grazing, and river channel management, in reducing the entry of pollution loads to the river. Sensitivity analysis and calibration/validation of the model was performed using the SUFI-2 algorithm in the SWAT Calibration Uncertainties Program (SWAT-CUP). CSAs were identified using individual (sediment, TN, TP) and combined indices, based on the amount of pollution produced. Among the BMPs implemented, filter strips were most effective in reducing TN loads (59%), and, increasing the D50 of particles for river channel management was most effective in reducing TP loads (49%).

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Effectiveness of grass filter strips for runoff nutrient and sediment reduction in dairy sludge-amended pastures.

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v92i1-2.2617 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 92 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

David Sotomayor-Ramírez ◽

Gustavo A. Martínez ◽

John Ramírez-Ávila ◽

Edwin Más

Keyword(s):

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Dairy Manure ◽

Precipitation Event ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Nutrient Losses ◽

Filter Strips ◽

Filter Strip ◽

Grass Filter Strips ◽

The Impact

An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that grass filter strips are effective in reducing nutrient and sediment concentrations in runoff from grazed pasture amended with dairy manure sludge. The experiment was carried out under recommended practices in two fields of a dairy farm in San Sebastián municipality, Puerto Rico. Runoff generated following a precipitation event was diverted into runoff-collection devices placed at 0, 10, and 20 m within a grass filter barrier. Samples were analyzed for suspended solids (SS), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), dissolved phosphorus (DP), and total phosphorus (TP). Suspended solid concentrations in runoff entering the filter strips were minimal, which is indicative that SS losses are not numerically significant from pasture fields exhibiting high vegetative coverage. Elevated TP and TKN concentrations were observed in runoff events occurring within 10 days after manure application. This finding indicates that farmers must avoid scheduling manure applications at times when significant rains are expected, because direct runoff will result in excessive off-field nutrient losses if no filter strip is present. In both fields, DP concentrations in runoff were significantly reduced with a filter strip 20 m wide, whereas TP concentrations were significantly reduced only from the field exhibiting the highest concentration in runoff, i.e., Toronjo field. A 27% decrease in TKN concentration was observed in the Toronjo field as a result of the 20-m filter strip (relative to the entrance), but such reduction was nonsignificant. Although the 20-m grass filter strip was effective in reducing nutrient concentrations in runoff from manure-amended fields, the implementation of other best management practices is needed to reduce the impact of nutrient losses to levels that do not pose a threat to the integrity of the receiving waters.

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Evolution of the human–water relationships in Heihe River basin in the past 2000 years

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-12-1059-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 1059-1091 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Z. Lu ◽

Y. Wei ◽

H. Xiao ◽

S. Zou ◽

J. Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Management Practices ◽

Process Analysis ◽

Evolutionary Process ◽

Northern China ◽

Heihe River Basin ◽

Heihe River ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Past ◽

Past 2000 Years

Abstract. This paper quantitatively analyzed the evolution of human–water relationships in the Heihe River basin of northern China over the past 2000 years by reconstructing the catchment water balance partitioning precipitation into evapotranspiration and runoff. The reconstruction results provided the basis for investigating the impacts of human societies on hydrological systems. Based on transition theory the evolutionary processes of human–water relationships can be divided into four stages: predevelopment (206 BC–AD 1368), take-off (AD 1368–1949), acceleration (AD 1949–2000), and rebalancing (after AD 2000). The evolutionary process analysis revealed that there were large differences in the rate and scale of change and the period over which they occurred, and transition of the human–water relationship had no fixed pattern. This understanding of the dynamics of the human–water relationship will assist policy makers to identify management practices that require improvement by understanding how today's problems were created in the past, for more sustainable catchment in the future.

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Evolution of the human–water relationships in the Heihe River basin in the past 2000 years

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-19-2261-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 2261-2273 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Z. Lu ◽

Y. Wei ◽

H. Xiao ◽

S. Zou ◽

J. Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Management Practices ◽

Evolutionary Process ◽

Northern China ◽

Heihe River Basin ◽

Heihe River ◽

Catchment Management ◽

The Past ◽

Past 2000 Years ◽

The Heihe River Basin

Abstract. This paper quantitatively analyzed the evolution of human–water relationships in the Heihe River basin of northern China over the past 2000 years by reconstructing the catchment water balance by partitioning precipitation into evapotranspiration and runoff. The results provided the basis for investigating the impacts of societies on hydrological systems. Based on transition theory and the rates of changes of the population, human water consumption and the area of natural oases, the evolution of human–water relationships can be divided into four stages: predevelopment (206 BC–AD 1368), take-off (AD 1368–1949), acceleration (AD 1949–2000), and the start of a rebalancing between human and ecological needs (post AD 2000). Our analysis of the evolutionary process revealed that there were large differences in the rate and scale of changes and the period over which they occurred. The transition of the human–water relationship had no fixed pattern. This understanding of the dynamics of the human–water relationship will assist policy makers in identifying management practices that require improvement by understanding how today's problems were created in the past, which may lead to more sustainable catchment management in the future.

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