Experimental Investigation on the Mechanical Properties of Thin Beams Built by Electron Beam Melting Technology and Ti6Al4V Material

Electron beam melting (EBM) technology has been popularly used to fabricate flexible devices that performance is directly determined by the elastic deformation of thin beams/flexures. This paper presents the experimental investigation on the effective thickness which determines the mechanical properties of beam-based flexures built by EBM method and Ti6Al4V material. The findings show that the effective thickness of EBM-printed beams is different from the designed value regarding to the building direction. A coefficient factor is proposed to compensate this difference. The experimental results suggest that with EBM-printed flexures having large thickness of ≥ 0.7 mm, the coefficient factors become consistent.

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Direct metal fabrication of titanium implants with tailored materials and mechanical properties using electron beam melting technology

Materials Science and Engineering C ◽

10.1016/j.msec.2007.04.022 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 366-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 259

Author(s):

Ola L.A. Harrysson ◽

Omer Cansizoglu ◽

Denis J. Marcellin-Little ◽

Denis R. Cormier ◽

Harvey A. West

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Electron Beam Melting ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Melting Technology ◽

Metal Fabrication ◽

Direct Metal Fabrication

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Directionally-Dependent Mechanical Properties of Ti6Al4V Manufactured by Electron Beam Melting (EBM) and Selective Laser Melting (SLM)

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14133603 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (13) ◽

pp. 3603

Author(s):

Tim Pasang ◽

Benny Tavlovich ◽

Omry Yannay ◽

Ben Jakson ◽

Mike Fry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Surface Roughness ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Selective Laser Melting ◽

Electron Beam Melting ◽

Rolling Direction ◽

Laser Melting ◽

Plate Rolling

An investigation of mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V produced by additive manufacturing (AM) in the as-printed condition have been conducted and compared with wrought alloys. The AM samples were built by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM) in 0°, 45° and 90°—relative to horizontal direction. Similarly, the wrought samples were also cut and tested in the same directions relative to the plate rolling direction. The microstructures of the samples were significantly different on all samples. α′ martensite was observed on the SLM, acicular α on EBM and combination of both on the wrought alloy. EBM samples had higher surface roughness (Ra) compared with both SLM and wrought alloy. SLM samples were comparatively harder than wrought alloy and EBM. Tensile strength of the wrought alloy was higher in all directions except for 45°, where SLM samples showed higher strength than both EBM and wrought alloy on that direction. The ductility of the wrought alloy was consistently higher than both SLM and EBM indicated by clear necking feature on the wrought alloy samples. Dimples were observed on all fracture surfaces.

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Tailoring Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively-Manufactured Ti6Al4V Using Post Processing

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14030658 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 658

Author(s):

Yaron Itay Ganor ◽

Eitan Tiferet ◽

Sven C. Vogel ◽

Donald W. Brown ◽

Michael Chonin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Electron Beam Melting ◽

High Reliability ◽

National Laboratory ◽

Post Processing ◽

Proof Stress ◽

Β Phase ◽

Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

Additively-manufactured Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) exhibits high strength but in some cases inferior elongation to those of conventionally manufactured materials. Post-processing of additively manufactured Ti64 components is investigated to modify the mechanical properties for specific applications while still utilizing the benefits of the additive manufacturing process. The mechanical properties and fatigue resistance of Ti64 samples made by electron beam melting were tested in the as-built state. Several heat treatments (up to 1000 °C) were performed to study their effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties. Phase content during heating was tested with high reliability by neutron diffraction at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Two different hot isostatic pressings (HIP) cycles were tested, one at low temperature (780 °C), the other is at the standard temperature (920 °C). The results show that lowering the HIP holding temperature retains the fine microstructure (~1% β phase) and the 0.2% proof stress of the as-built samples (1038 MPa), but gives rise to higher elongation (~14%) and better fatigue life. The material subjected to a higher HIP temperature had a coarser microstructure, more residual β phase (~2% difference), displayed slightly lower Vickers hardness (~15 HV10N), 0.2% proof stress (~60 MPa) and ultimate stresses (~40 MPa) than the material HIP’ed at 780 °C, but had superior elongation (~6%) and fatigue resistance. Heat treatment at 1000 °C entirely altered the microstructure (~7% β phase), yield elongation of 13.7% but decrease the 0.2% proof-stress to 927 MPa. The results of the HIP at 780 °C imply it would be beneficial to lower the standard ASTM HIP temperature for Ti6Al4V additively manufactured by electron beam melting.

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