Determination of Stress Gradients in a Thermally Grown Oxide Layer Using X-Ray Diffraction

1997 ◽  
Vol 251-254 ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Zhu ◽  
J.H. Stout ◽  
D.A. Shores
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Thermally Grown Oxide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Gradients ◽  
Thermally Grown

Formalism for the determination of intermediate stress gradients using X-ray diffraction

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gnäupel-Herold
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Strain ◽  
Narrow Line ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Beam Spot ◽  
Strain Measurements ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Gradients ◽  
Shaped Beam

A method is outlined that allows the determination of one-dimensional stress gradients at length scales greater than 0.2 mm. By using standard four-circle X-ray diffractometer equipment and simple aperture components, length resolutions down to 0.05 mm in one direction can be achieved through constant orientation of a narrow, line-shaped beam spot. Angle calculations are given for the adjustment of goniometer angles, and for the effective azimuth and tilt of the scattering vector for general angle settings in a four-circle goniometer. The latter is necessary for the computation of stresses from lattice strain measurements.

Stresses Developed within Thermally Grown Oxides on a Coated Superalloy Substrate

2009 ◽  
Vol 417-418 ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Hilson ◽  
Peter E.J. Flewitt
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Bond Coat ◽  
Thermally Grown Oxide ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermally Grown Oxides ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Service Components ◽  
Thermally Grown

Residual macro-stresses have to be evaluated using trial samples that comprise a CMSX4 superalloy coated with either a RT22 or a CN91 bond-coat. The samples were exposed in air to a matrix of temperatures, in the range 850°C to 1050°C, and times extending upto 4000hrs to produce thermally grown oxide. This oxide is essentially Al2O3 which allows stresses to be measured by photoluminescence spectroscopy. In addition, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction have been used to characterise the oxides formed. The results are discussed with respect to confidence in the measurements, changes in stress with temperature and exposure time and the potential for photoluminescence spectroscopy to be used to measure stresses for service components.

Sem and X-Ray Analysis of Renal and Biliary Calculi

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
R. J. Narconis ◽  
G. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Natural State ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Dimension ◽  
Biliary Calculi ◽  
Calculus Formation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Analysis of the constituents of renal and biliary calculi may be of help in the management of patients with calculous disease. Several methods of analysis are available for identifying these constituents. Most common are chemical methods, optical crystallography, x-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. The application of a SEM with x-ray analysis capabilities should be considered as an additional alternative.A scanning electron microscope equipped with an x-ray “mapping” attachment offers an additional dimension in its ability to locate elemental constituents geographically, and thus, provide a clue in determination of possible metabolic etiology in calculus formation. The ability of this method to give an undisturbed view of adjacent layers of elements in their natural state is of advantage in determining the sequence of formation of subsequent layers of chemical constituents.

New Coordination Compounds of Fe(III) with Organic Ligands

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Flondor ◽  
Ioan Rosca ◽  
Doina Sibiescu ◽  
Mihaela-Aurelia Vizitiu ◽  
Daniel-Mircea Sutiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Elemental Chemical Analysis ◽  
Structural Formulae ◽  
Paramagnetic Properties

In this paper the synthesis and the study of some complex compounds of Fe(III) with ligands derived from: 2-(4-chloro-phenylsulfanyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodo-phenyl)-ethanone (HL1), 1-(3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-2-phenylsulfanyl-ethanone(HL2), and 2-(4-chloro-phenylsulfanyl)-1-(3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethanone (HL3) is presented. The characterization of these complexes is based on method as: the elemental chemical analysis, IR and ESR spectroscopy, M�ssbauer, the thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction. Study of the IR and chemical analysis has evidenced that the precipitates form are a complexes and the combination ratio of M:L is 1:2. The central atoms of Fe(III) presented paramagnetic properties and a octaedric hybridization. Starting from this precipitation reactions, a method for the gravimetric determination of Fe(III) with this organic ligands has been possible. Based on the experimental data on literature indications, the structural formulae of the complex compounds are assigned.

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