Effect of Different Concentration of Cellulose Nanocrystals Comprising Hydroxyethyl Cellulose / Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) as a Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold

2020 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Nor Sarahtul Nadirah Hairol Nizan ◽  
Farah Hanani Zulkifli ◽  
Hazrulrizawati Abd Hamid ◽  
Muhammad Hafiz Mazwir

In this study, biodegradable scaffolds based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) (5 wt%) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) (15 wt%) with different percentages of celullose nanocrystal (CNC) (1 and 7 wt%) were fabricated by lyophilization method to get highly porous scaffolds. These scaffolds were made water insoluble by cross-linking via heat treatment. The morphology and thermal properties of HEC/PVA/CNCs scaffolds were characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The morphological study showed that both prepared scaffold have highly porous structures with good pore interconnected structure. It was observed that thermal properties of scaffolds increased significantly as the concentration of CNCs increased. Cytotoxicity studies on scaffolds were carried out by utilizing human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cells using DAPI nuclear stain and then confirmed using SEM. hFOB cells were able to attach and spread on all scaffolds. Incorporated CNCs as reinforcing nanofiller on scaffolds promising a superior functionality in bone tissue engineering.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Lilis Iskandar ◽  
Lucy DiSilvio ◽  
Jonathan Acheson ◽  
Sanjukta Deb

Despite considerable advances in biomaterials-based bone tissue engineering technologies, autografts remain the gold standard for rehabilitating critical-sized bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial (OMF) region. A majority of advanced synthetic bone substitutes (SBS’s) have not transcended the pre-clinical stage due to inferior clinical performance and translational barriers, which include low scalability, high cost, regulatory restrictions, limited advanced facilities and human resources. The aim of this study is to develop clinically viable alternatives to address the challenges of bone tissue regeneration in the OMF region by developing ‘dual network composites’ (DNC’s) of calcium metaphosphate (CMP)—poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate with osteogenic ions: calcium, zinc and strontium. To fabricate DNC’s, single network composites of PVA/CMP with 10% (w/v) gelatine particles as porogen were developed using two freeze–thawing cycles and subsequently interpenetrated by guluronate-dominant sodium alginate and chelated with calcium, zinc or strontium ions. Physicochemical, compressive, water uptake, thermal, morphological and in vitro biological properties of DNC’s were characterised. The results demonstrated elastic 3D porous scaffolds resembling a ‘spongy bone’ with fluid absorbing capacity, easily sculptable to fit anatomically complex bone defects, biocompatible and osteoconductive in vitro, thus yielding potentially clinically viable for SBS alternatives in OMF surgery.


2017 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Géraldine Guex ◽  
Jennifer L. Puetzer ◽  
Astrid Armgarth ◽  
Elena Littmann ◽  
Eleni Stavrinidou ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Tran Thanh Hoai ◽  
Nguyen Kim Nga

In this study, porous scaffolds were fabricated using inorganic material-hydroxyapatite and chitosan for bone-tissue engineering. The combination of hydroxyapatite and chitosan may result in increasing biocompatibility of the scaffolds. The scaffolds were prepared by solvent casting and paticulate leaching method. Bioactivity of the scaffolds was evaluated through in vitro experiments by soaking scaffold samples in simulated body fluid (SBF). The scaffolds obtained were highly porous and interconnected with a mean pore size of around 200µm and porosity about 79 %. The apatite-mineral layer was produced on the HAp/chitosan after 10 days of soaking in SBF, however, it was not observed on the chitosan scaffold after 10 days soaking. The results revealed that the HAp/chitosan scaffold showed better bioactivity than the chitosan scaffold. Keywords Scaffold, Chitosan, Apatite, SBF. In this study, porous scaffolds were fabricated using inorganic material-hydroxyapatite and chitosan for bone-tissue engineering. The combination of hydroxyapatite and chitosan may result in increasing biocompatibility of the scaffolds. The scaffolds were prepared by solvent casting and paticulate leaching method. Bioactivity of the scaffolds was evaluated through in vitro experiments by soaking scaffold samples in simulated body fluid (SBF). The scaffolds obtained were highly porous and interconnected with a mean pore size of around 200µm and porosity about 79 %. The apatite-mineral layer was produced on the HAp/chitosan after 10 days of soaking in SBF, however, it was not observed on the chitosan scaffold after 10 days soaking. The results revealed that the HAp/chitosan scaffold showed better bioactivity than the chitosan scaffold. Keywords: Scaffold, Chitosan, Apatite, SBF.   In this study, porous scaffolds were fabricated using inorganic material-hydroxyapatite and chitosan for bone-tissue engineering. The combination of hydroxyapatite and chitosan may result in increasing biocompatibility of the scaffolds. The scaffolds were prepared by solvent casting and paticulate leaching method. Bioactivity of the scaffolds was evaluated through in vitro experiments by soaking scaffold samples in simulated body fluid (SBF). The scaffolds obtained were highly porous and interconnected with a mean pore size of around 200µm and porosity about 79 %. The apatite-mineral layer was produced on the HAp/chitosan after 10 days of soaking in SBF, however, it was not observed on the chitosan scaffold after 10 days soaking. The results revealed that the HAp/chitosan scaffold showed better bioactivity than the chitosan scaffold. Keywords: Scaffold, Chitosan, Apatite, SBF. References [1] M.P. Bostrom, D.A. Seigerman, The clinical use of allografts, demineralized bone matrices, synthetic bone graft substitutes and osteoinductive growth factors: a survey study, Hss. Journal 1 (2005) 9-18. https://doi.org/10. 1007/s11420-005-0111-5.[2] T.T. Hoai, N.K Nga, L.T. Giang, T.Q. Huy, P.N.M. Tuan, B.T.T. Binh, Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Nanorods for Rapid Formation of Bone-Like Mineralization, J. Electron. Mater. 46 (2017) 5064-5072. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s11664-017-5509-6.[3] M. Rinaudo, Chitin and chitosan: properties and applications, Prog. Polym. Sci. 31 (2006) 603-632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006. 06.001.[4] N.K. Nga, H.D. Chinh, P.T.T Hong, T.Q. Huy, Facile chitosan films for high performance removal of reactive blue 19 dye from aqueous solution, J. Polym. Environ. 25 (2007) 146-155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-016-0792-5.[5] M.N.V Ravi Kumar, R.A.A Muzzarelli, H. Sashiwa, A.J. Domb, Chitosan chemistry and pharmaceutical perspectives, Chem. Rev. 104 (2004) 6017-6084. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr03 0441b.[6] J.M. Karp, M.S. Shoichet, J.E. Davies, Bone formation on two‐dimensional poly (DL‐lactide‐co‐glycolide)(PLGA) films and three‐dimensional PLGA tissue engineering scaffolds in vitro, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 64 (2003) 388-396. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.10420.[7] J.F. Mano, R.L. Reis, Osteochondral defects: present situation and tissue engineering approaches, J. Tissue. Eng. Regen. Med. 1 (2007) 261-273. https://doi.org/10.1002/term.37. [8] A.G. Mikos, J.S. Temenoff, Formation of highly porous biodegradable scaffolds for tissue engineering, Electron. J. Biotechn. 3 (2000) 23-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-3458200000 0200003.[9] W.W. Thein-Han, R.D.K Misra, Biomimetic chitosan–nanohydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, Acta Biomater. 5 (2009) 1182–1197. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.11.025.[10] Y. Zhang, J.R. Venugopal, A.E. Turki, S. Ramakrishna, B. Su, C.T. Lim, Electrospun biomimetic nanocomposite nanofibers of hydroxyapatite/chitosan for bone tissue engineering, Biomaterials 29 (2008) 4314–4322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.07.038.[11] B.X. Vương, Tổng hợp và đặc trưng vật liệu composite hydroxyapatite/chitosan ứng dụng trong kỹ thuật y sinh.,Tạp chí Khoa học ĐHQGHN: Khoa học Tự nhiên và Công nghệ Tập 34 (2018) 9-15. https://doi.org/10.25073/ 2588-1140/vnunst.4689.[12] N.K. Nga, T.T. Hoai, P.H. Viet, Biomimetic scaffolds based on hydroxyapatite nanorod/poly (D, L) lactic acid with their corresponding apatite-forming capability and biocompatibility for bone-tissue engineering, Colloids Surf. B Biointerf. 128 (2015) 506-514. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.colsurfb.2015.03.001.[13] N.K. Nga, L.T. Giang, T.Q. Huy, C. Migliaresi, Surfactant-assisted size control of hydroxyapatite nanorods for bone tissue engineering, Colloids Surf. B: Biointerf. 116 (2014) 666-673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.11.001.[14] C.R. Kothapalli, M.T. Shaw, M. Wei, Biodegradable HA-PLA 3-D porous scaffolds: effect of nano-sized filler content on scaffold properties, Acta Biomater. 1 (2005) 653-662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2005.06.005.[15] T. Kokubo, H. Takadama, How useful is SBF in predicting in vivo bone bioactivity?, Biomaterials 27 (2006) 2907-2915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. biomaterials.2006.01.017[16] T.T. Hoai, N.K. Nga, Effect of pore architecture on osteoblast adhesion and proliferation on hydroxyapatite/poly (D, L) lactic acid-based bone scaffolds, J. Iran. Chem. Soc. 15 (2018) 1663-1671. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-018-1365-4.        


Author(s):  
Sergio Andres Pineda Castillo ◽  
Cristian Camilo Bernal Lopez ◽  
Favio Andres Tovar Araujo ◽  
Andres Bernal-Ballen ◽  
Hugo Ramiro Segura-Puello ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1530-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liga Stipniece ◽  
Inga Narkevica ◽  
Marina Sokolova ◽  
Janis Locs ◽  
Jurijs Ozolins

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document