BIOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AND LARVAL DESCRIPTIONS OF ENARGIA DECOLOR (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) ON TREMBLING ASPEN IN NORTHERN ALBERTA

AbstractThe life history and the immature stages, especially the ultimate larval instar, of Enargia decolor (Walker), are described and illustrated. This insect has only one generation a year in northern Alberta. It overwinters in the egg stage. The first two larval instars roll leaves and feed on the mesophyll. The last four larval instars feed on the edge of the leaves, and construct flat cases by webbing two leaves together. Pupation occurs in the soil during July. Adults emerge from late July until late August; the eggs are laid in August. Fifteen species of parasites and one species of hyperparasite were reared from larvae of E. decolor. Five of the parasites are known to have issued from other lepidopterous species feeding on aspen.

Download Full-text

THE LIFE HISTORY AND IMMATURE STAGES OF BANCHUS FLAVESCENS (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE), A PARASITOID OF THE BERTHA ARMYWORM, MAMESTRA CONFIGURATA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IN WESTERN CANADA

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent1171249-10 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 117 (10) ◽

pp. 1249-1255 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A.P. Arthur ◽

P.G. Mason

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Western Canada ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Mamestra Configurata ◽

Larval Instars ◽

Parasitoid Development ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽

Bertha Armyworm

AbstractBanchus flavescens Cresson is the most abundant hymenopterous parasitoid of the bertha armyworm, Mamestra configurata Walker, in western Canada. The females attack 1st, 2nd, and 3rd instars of the host. The speed of parasitoid development is adjusted so that the 2nd instar is completed when the host finishes feeding. Banchus flavescens has an obligate diapause and overwinters as a prepupa within a cocoon in the soil. Notes on life history and descriptions of the egg and 5 larval instars of B. flavescens are given.

Download Full-text

The life history of Caurinus dectes Russell, with a description of the immature stages (Mecoptera: Boreidae)

Insect Systematics & Evolution ◽

10.1163/187631282x00165 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 225-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Loren K. Russell

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Antennal Segment ◽

Seasonal Occurrence ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Larval Instars ◽

Egg Diapause ◽

First Instar ◽

History Of ◽

Thoracic Legs

AbstractThe egg, larva, and pupa of Caurinus dectes are described and illustrated. Eggs are ellipsoidal, coated with black cement, and are attached to bryophytes. The larva is orthosomatic, with much-reduced thoracic legs, and further differs from other larval Boreidae in: amphipneustic spiracles, number of stemmata (7), placoid sensilla present in membrane of first antennal segment, and egg burster on frons in first instar. Three larval instars are recognized from analysis of head measurements and partial rearing. Larvae feed in stemmines or galleries in leafy liverworts (Jungermanniales). Pupation occurs in a silk-lined cell or cocoon, otherwise unknown in the Mecoptera; the pupa is exarate, with decticous mandibles. The seasonal occurrence of egg eclosion (February-March), pupation (July-August), and principal adult activity (October-April) is typical for the Boreidae, but only C. dectes is univoltine in this family. Successive annual generations appear to overlap through extended egg diapause and adult perenniation.

Download Full-text

Water immersion tolerance by larval instars of stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, L1758 (Diptera: Muscidae) impairs the fitness performance of their subsequent stages

BMC Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1186/s12862-021-01810-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Steve B. S. Baleba

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Life History Traits ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Larval Instar ◽

Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽

Stable Fly ◽

Life Stages ◽

Larval Instars ◽

First Instar

Abstract Background In holometabolous insects, environmental factors experienced in pre-imaginal life stages affect the life-history traits within that stage and can also influence subsequent life stages. Here, I assessed tolerance to water immersion by the larval instars of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) and its impact on the life-history traits of their subsequent life stages. Results After submerging the three larval instars of S. calcitrans in distilled water, I found that the first instar larvae remained active for longer as compared to the second and third instar larvae. Also, the first instar larvae took a longer period to recover from the stress-induced immobility when removed from the water and returned to ambient temperature. When I followed the development of individuals of each larval instar that survived from water immersion, I found that their developmental time, weight, pupation percentage, adult emergence percentage and adult weight were negatively affected by this stressor. However, the weight of S. calcitrans adults developed from immersed first larval instar individuals was not affected by water immersion whereas their counterparts developed from immersed second and third larval instars had lower body weight. This suggests that in S. calcitrans, water immersion stress at the earlier stage is less detrimental than that experienced at late stages. Conclusion This study provides a comparative overview of the fitness consequences associated with water immersion stress during S. calcitrans larval ontogeny. The results prove that the fitness shift induced by water immersion in S. calcitrans is stage-specific. My results illustrate the importance of considering each larval instar when assessing the impact of environmental factors on holometabolous insect performance as these may be decoupled by metamorphosis.

Download Full-text

LIFE HISTORY AND IMMATURE STAGES OF THE PARASITOID MICROPLITIS MEDIATOR (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE), REARED ON THE BERTHA ARMYWORM MAMESTRA CONFIGURATA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent118487-5 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 118 (5) ◽

pp. 487-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

A.P. Arthur ◽

P.G. Mason

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Life History ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Mamestra Configurata ◽

Microplitis Mediator ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽

Bertha Armyworm

AbstractMicroplitis mediator (Haliday) is being considered for introduction into Saskatchewan to augment the biological control of the bertha armyworm, Mamestra configurata Walker. It was reared in the laboratory on larvae of the bertha armyworm. Notes on the life history and descriptions of the egg and three larval stages are given.

Download Full-text

Determination of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larval instars and age based on head capsule width and larval weight

ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA ◽

10.12681/eh.14047 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. G. Stavridis ◽

C. G. Ipsilandis ◽

P. C. Katarachias ◽

P. G. Milonas ◽

A. A. Ifoulis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Helicoverpa Armigera ◽

Larval Instar ◽

Head Capsule ◽

Head Width ◽

Larval Instars ◽

Head Capsule Width ◽

Helicoverpa Armígera ◽

L1 And L2 ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Larνae of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were reared in laboratory conditions (26°C, 16:8 L:D) and measurements of larval head capsule width, and body weight, were used in order to determine the boundaries of larval instars. Larvae of Η. armigera completed development in 5 to 7 instars. Head capsule width could predict the larval instar only for Ll. The upper boundary of head width for L1 was 0.4mm. Body weight could predict both L1 and L2 larval instars. Boundaries between L1-L2 instars were found to be 1 mg and for L2-L3 5,5 mg. Correlation and regression analysis suggest that a combination of head capsule width and body weight can predict both larval instars and chronological age under constant conditions in the laboratory.

Download Full-text

BIOSYSTEMATICS OF THE GENUS EUXOA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE): II. A DESCRIPTION OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF EUXOA BASALIS AND A REDESCRIPTION OF THE ADULT

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent1071083-10 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 107 (10) ◽

pp. 1083-1094 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. R. Byers ◽

C. F. Hinks ◽

J. D. Lafontaine

Keyword(s):

Immature Stages ◽

Larval Instars ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe immature stages of Euxoa basalis (Grote) are described and illustrated. Both the egg and pupa are similar to those of other Euxoa species and are virtually indistinguishable from some of them. The larva although morphologically quite similar to other Euxoa larvae is distinctive in coloration, particularly in the penultimate and ultimate stadia. Each of the larval instars is described; the ultimate instar in detail, the others briefly. A redescription of the adult is also given.

Download Full-text

Development, Behaviour, and Descriptions of Immature Stages of Spilochalcis side (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent90590-10 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 90 (10) ◽

pp. 590-595 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Alfred P. Arthur

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Pinus Contorta ◽

Galleria Mellonella ◽

Lodgepole Pine ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Experiment Station ◽

University Of Wisconsin ◽

Pyrausta Nubilalis ◽

The University ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The life-history, habits, and development of Spilochalcis side (Walk.) (torvina Cress.) were investigated at Belleville during studies on the parasites of needle miners, Recurvaria spp., attacking lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.Burks (1940) recorded this species as a parasite of species of the following families of Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Gelechiidae, Eucosmidae, Glyphipterygidac, Plutellidae, Ypononleutidae, Coleophoridae, and Lyonetiidae. He also recorded it from Coleoptera (Curculionidae) and from Hymenoptera (Ichneumonidae and Braconidae). Doner (1936) stated that it parasitized small numbers of pupae of the cherry casebearer, Coleophora pruniella Clem., each year from 1930 to 1933 at the University of Wisconsin Experiment Station at Sturgeon Bay, Door County, Wisconsin. It was reared at Belleville on pupae of Depressaria heracliana (L.), Anagasta kühniella (Zell.), Galleria mellonella L., and Pyrausta nubilalis (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera); in the cocoons of Apanteles atalantae (Pack.), A. congregatus (Say), and A. glomeratus (L.) (Hymenoptera); and in an unidentified coleopterous casebearer.

Download Full-text

DESCRIPTIONS OF THE IMMATURE STAGES AND ADULT REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS OF ATHRYCIA CINEREA (COQ.) (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE), A NATIVE PARASITOID OF MAMESTRA CONFIGURATA (WALK.) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent1211117-12 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 121 (12) ◽

pp. 1117-1123 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A.P. Arthur ◽

Yvonne M. Powell

Keyword(s):

Immature Stages ◽

Reproductive Systems ◽

Mamestra Configurata ◽

Male And Female ◽

Larval Instars ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽

Athrycia Cinerea

AbstractThe immature stages of Athrycia cinerea (Coq.) including the egg, three larval instars, and the puparium are described and illustrated. The male and female reproductive systems are also illustrated and described and notes on oogenesis are provided.

Download Full-text

PARASITES OF GRASSHOPPER (ACRIDOIDEA: ORTHOPTERA) EGGS: DISTRIBUTION AND LIFE HISTORY OF SCELIO SPP. (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE) IN PAKISTAN

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent110449-5 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 110 (5) ◽

pp. 449-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mohammad Irshad ◽

Maqbool Ahmad ◽

M. A. Ghani ◽

Rehmat Ali

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Grasshopper Species ◽

Important Species ◽

Larval Instars ◽

The World ◽

History Of

AbstractScelio spp. are important parasites of grasshopper eggs in many countries of the world. However, no information regarding these species is available for Pakistan. Therefore, a study was undertaken to record incidence, distribution, and biology of important species of Pakistan during 1970–74. Some species of Scelio such as S. hieroglyphi, S. sp. ? mauritanicus, Scelio sp. B and C, S. sp. nr. popovi, and Scelio sp. A are restricted in distribution; the first four species are host specific while others can parasitize many hosts. S. aegyptiacus, S. sp. nr. serdangensis, and S. sp. ? tristis are polyphagous and found in many areas of Pakistan. Mortality ranging between 3% and 69% of grasshopper eggs due to factors other than parasitism also occurs. Large sized egg-pods are partially parasitized as grasshopper nymphs also emerge along with the parasites, whereas in pods with fewer eggs nothing except the parasites emerge and are called fully parasitized. Of the nine species of Scelio reared from 3708 egg-pods of 16 grasshopper species, biology of S. aegyptiacus, S. hieroglyphi, and Scelio sp. A was studied which is almost identical in all the species. Immature stages comprising egg, 2 larval instars, and pupa of S. aegyptiacus are developed at 31.5°C ± 3 in 2–3, 10–11, and 7–8 days respectively. The female has the capacity to lay 121–135 eggs. Prior to oviposition, mating lasting 1–2 min takes place and a hole is drilled in the froth-plug. Freshly laid egg-pods are preferred over old during parasitization.

Download Full-text