COMPONENTS OF THE SEX PHEROMONE GLAND OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (11) ◽  
pp. 1311-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Wiesner ◽  
P.J. Silk ◽  
S.-H. Tan ◽  
P. Palaniswamy ◽  
J.O. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Pheromone Gland ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Biosynthetic Precursor ◽  
Sex Pheromone Gland ◽  
Natural Pheromone

The major component of the sex pheromone of the eastern spruce budwonn was established by Weatherston et al. (1971) to be trans-11-tetradecenal. Subsequently it was found (Sanders and Weatherston 1976) that a small proportion of cis-11-tetradecenal was essential to attraction and indeed was a component of the natural pheromone. In addition Weatherston and Maclean (1974) have shown that the female sex pheromone gland contains trans-11-tetradecenol, a presumed biosynthetic precursor to the aldehyde.

Morphology of female sex pheromone gland in the horse chestnut leafminer Cameraria ohridella (Lep., Gracillariidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Raspotnig ◽  
R. Schicho ◽  
E. Stabentheiner ◽  
C. Magnes ◽  
M. Stelzl
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Pheromone Gland ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sex Pheromone Gland

Laboratory evaluation of the sex pheromone and mating inhibitor of the red bollworm Diparopsis castanea Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Pheromone Gland ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Male Response ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sex Pheromone Gland

AbstractThe four components of the synthesised sex pheromone of Diparopsis castanea Hmps. are dodecan-1-yl acetate (I); trans-9-dodecen-1-yl acetate (IIA); 11-dodecen-l-yl acetate (IIB); and trans-9,ll-dodecadien-l-yl acetate (IV). Increasing the proportion of IIA in a I/IIA/IIB/IV mixture progressively decreased male excitation in a laboratory bioassay, whilst in the absence of I all concentrations of IIA tested were equally inhibitory. The synthetic combination of 80% IV (93% trans: 7% cis) and 20% IIB (=dicastalure), was 485 times more potent in eliciting male activity than a female sex pheromone gland extract. Reduction in male response to crude extract occurred through exposure of males to glandular IIA and through reduced pheromone volatility caused by extracted triglycerides. Maximum quantities of pheromone were detected in the female sex pheromone gland 6–12 h into scotophase and for at least 30 min into photophase. Significantly greater bioassay responses were elicited by the optimal field combination of 80% IV and 20% IIB than for other ratios tested. Excitation and clasper extension were observed in response to the non-attractive IIB moiety and this indicates a role in close-range mating behaviour for this component. The threshold level of male response was estimated to occur in response to sex pheromone at an aerial concentration of 9·2 molecules IV mm3/s−1. This suggests that aerial concentrations of 102–103 times the male threshold response level may be sufficient to cause successful communication disruption in the field. The problems of relating the non-oriented responses in an assay of this type to directional responses in traps are briefly discussed.

Sugar beet crown borer,Hulstia undulatella (Clemens) 1: Identification and field tests of female sex pheromone gland components

1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-440
Author(s):  
H. G. Davis ◽  
L. M. McDonough ◽  
P. S. Chapman ◽  
C. L. Smithhisler ◽  
D. D. Bowers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Pheromone Gland ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sex Pheromone Gland

LABORATORY BIOASSAY OF THE SEX PHEROMONE OF THE FEMALE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Maximum Response ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Minor Peak ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Number Of Males

AbstractA simple and inexpensive olfactometer based on that of Gaston and Shorey (1964) is described for bioassaying the sex pheromone of the eastern spruce budworm. The number of males buzzing (rapidly beating their wings while circling on the substrate) after the introduction of the sample into the airstream of the olfactometer was used as measure of response. Males held under continuous illumination showed maximum response when 2 to 3 days old. Under natural lighting males showed a circadian rhythm, with peak response shortly after dark and a minor peak in mid-morning. Since per cent response under continuous illumination exceeded the maximum response under natural lighting, it is recommended that bioassays be carried out with 2- to 3-day-old males held under continuous illumination.

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