EVALUATION OF PHEROMONE-BAITED TRAPS AND PHEROMONE LURE CONCENTRATIONS FOR MONITORING BLUEBERRY LEAFTIER (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) POPULATIONS

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Polavarapu ◽  
William D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cream ◽  
Population Monitoring ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Trap Design ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pheromone Concentration ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractSix pheromone trap designs, including five high-capacily and a sticky trap, and four PVC lure concentrations of pheromone were evaluated for monitoring blueberry leaftier populations in six blueberry fields in Nova Scotia. Larval densities and subsequent male moth catches in the same year for all the trap designs evaluated, except double funnel traps, were highly correlated. Multipher III traps captured the highest number of moths, followed by Unitraps and double funnel traps. The ice cream container trap captured significantly fewer moths than any other trap design. At most locations, the first moth was caught on the same day in all the trap designs except the ice cream container trap. Trap catches increased with increasing pheromone concentration up to 0.03% dose. Traps baited with 0.3% lures captured significantly fewer moths than those with 0.003% or 0.03%. Based on mean trap catches, R2 values, coefficients of variation among traps, trap efficiency, and lure evaluations, the Unitraps baited with 0.003% lures are selected for further development of a population monitoring system for blueberry leaftier moths. The Multipher III traps baited with 0.03% lures captured up to 44 000 male moths (mean per trap per season) at high densities, demonstrating their potential in mass trapping blueberry leaftiers.

scholarly journals Responses of Red Flour Beetle Adults, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and Other Stored Product Beetles to Different Pheromone Trap Designs

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 733
Author(s):  
Carl W. Doud ◽  
Thomas W. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Sticky Trap ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Blow Down ◽  
Trap Design ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

A series of laboratory and field experiments were performed to assess the responses of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and other stored-product beetles to pheromone-baited traps and trap components. A commercial Tribolium pitfall trap called the Flit-Trak M2, the predecessor to the Dome trap, was superior in both laboratory and field experiments over the other floor trap designs assessed at capturing walking T. castaneum. In field experiments, Typhaea stercorea (L.) and Ahasverus advena (Stephens) both preferred a sticky trap to the pitfall trap. Although the covered trap is effective at capturing several other species of stored product beetles, the synthetic Tribolium aggregation pheromone lure is critical for the pitfall trap’s efficacy for T. castaneum. Although the food-based trapping oil used in the pitfall trap was not found to be attractive to T. castaneum when assayed alone, it had value as an enhancer of the pheromone bait when the two were used together in the trap. A dust cover modification made to go over the pitfall trap was effective in protecting the trap from dust, although the trap was still vulnerable to dust contamination from sanitation techniques that used compressed air to blow down the mill floors. Capture of T. castaneum in the modified trap performed as well as the standard trap design in a non-dusty area of a flour mill, and was significantly superior over the standard trap in a dusty area. T. castaneum responded in flight outside a flourmill preferentially to multiple funnel traps with pheromone lures compared to traps without pheromone.

The influence of pheromone trap design and placement on catch of the red bollworm of cotton Diparopsis castanea Hampson (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

1978 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Trap Design ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cotton Fields ◽  
Monitoring Traps ◽  
Monitoring Trap ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThree suitable sex pheromone trap designs for trapping the red bofiworm of cotton, Diparopsis castanea Hmps., including a simple omnidirectional monitoring trap, are described. In trials in Malawi, Diparopsis was more readily trapped on open horizontal trapping surfaces (water or adhesive) than in enclosed types of traps. The presence of a roof above the trapping surface, at spacings of up to 20 cm, significantly reduced catches. White traps, or unpainted traps in the case of vane traps constructed from galvanised metal, caught more moths than traps of other colours. Catches were greatest when monitoring traps in cotton were placed at ground level or at a height of 0·5 m and, when dicastalure was released from polyethylene vials, by employing a trap 60 cm in diameter. Evidence was obtained that competition may exist between female-baited traps spaced up to 73 m apart, although catches in traps baited with dicastalure were not significantly different when traps were 40–60 m apart. The greatest catches of moths in cotton were in traps located in insecticide-sprayed fields, but moths were also trapped in considerable numbers in other crops and to a reduced extent in open areas 4·8 km from the nearest cotton. From about the end of February, catches in maize, groundnut and fallow areas frequently exceeded the catches recorded within cotton fields, which may indicate an increased dispersal flight from cotton by adult moths later in the season. Weekly replacement in monitoring traps of polyethylene vials containing dicastalure produced maximum moth catches, but there was no significant difference in catch between traps in which pheromone was replaced at intervals of 2, 3, 4 or 6 weeks.

Field studies with the synthetic sex pheromone and inhibitor of the red bollworm Diparopsis castanea Hmps. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in Malawi

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pheromone Concentration ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe synthetic sex pheromone of Diparopsis castanea Hmps., dicastalure, is a 4:1 synergistic combination of 93% trans:7% cis-9,11-dodecadien-1-yl acetate (IV) and the unattractive compound 11-dodecen-1-yl acetate (IIB). Both cis and trans-9-dodecen-1-yl acetate (IIA), the latter occurring in the female pheromone gland, are potent inhibitors of male attraction, as little as 10–4 mg IIA significantly reducing the attractiveness of virgin females in pheromone traps for more than one month in the field. Inhibition is typically close range, although higher concentrations are inhibitory when placed at up to 1 m from the female. IV and IIB also reduce male catch in female-baited traps, but dicastalure does not. Recently mated females, confined with virgins, reduce male catch, thereby indicating release of an unknown inhibitor. When formulated in a suitable extender, such as corn-oil, dicastalure may be released from sealed polyethylene vials or from cellulose acetate cigarette filters, and inclusion of the antioxidant 2:6-di-tort-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) prolongs the attractiveness of 1 mg dicastalure formulations beyond 25–30 days. Release from polyethylene is more efficient than from either polypropylene or cellulose and moth catch over a five-week period is linearly related to the logarithm of pheromone concentration. Significant communication disruption, as measured by reduced trap catches of male Diparopsis, occurred when female-baited traps in 100 m2 cotton plots were surrounded by point sources of either dicastalure (synthetic females) or the inhibitory IIA acetate (anti-females). Since dicastalure is occasionally less attractive than virgin females, efforts are being made to improve pheromone slow release formulations.

Efficacy of a Pheromone Trap with Insecticide-treated Long-lasting Screen Against Fall Armyworm (faw), Spodoptera Frugiperda (lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Chipabika Gilson ◽  
Gonzalez Francisco ◽  
Georgina V. Bingham ◽  
Mathews Matimelo
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
The Us ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Army Worm

Food Security is an issue that will impact everyone by 2050 and it is projected there will be a global crisis unless action is taken. Currently the fall army worm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a new pest to the Sub-Saharan region and the outbreaks over the past two years have been devastating. A promising novel technology is the combination of a pheromone lure from ChemTica Internacional S.A. and yellow long-lasting insecticide treated ZeroFly Screen from Vestergaard SA. To test this technology, we compared the attraction and mortality of traps made of old soda bottles in five different sites of Zambia with maize and wheat crops. Besides the attraction of the pheromone-baited traps we also compared the effect of the colour of the insecticidal net, between black and yellow screens. Our results showed that in all sites there were significant differences in trap catches between lure baited and non-baited traps. A total of 1129 FAW adults were trapped, of which 51.20% were from baited traps with the yellow long-lasting insecticide treated screen, 41.45% from traps baited and the black long-lasting insecticide treated screen and 7.35% from trap without lure or the insecticide treated screen. The trap with yellow insecticide treated screen was able to trap 110 more FAW than the black treated screen and the control. Significant differences were also observed in number of moths caught from each location and district. The highest catches were recorded from wheat crops at Zambia National Service (ZNS) Farm in Chongwe and Chaloshi farm in Chisamba districts, respectively, whilst the lowest catch was recorded in a maize field at Tugama farm in Chilanga district. It was also noticed that the pheromone used is specific to FAW as no other insects were recorded in all the sites. Therefore, the pheromone lure from ChemTica and the yellow long lasting insecticide treated screen from Vestergaard SA can be used in the integrated pest management of FAW in Zambia in both, maize and wheat, these complimentary methods include but are not limited to; the use of Biopesticides – fungal, viral or bacteria based products such as Metarhizium anisopliae or bacteria-based Bacillus thuringiensis that have proven effective against fall armyworm and have been used to control it in the US and Brazil.

Female sex pheromone of brinjal fruit and shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): trap optimization and application in IPM trials

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cork ◽  
S.N. Alam ◽  
F.M.A. Rouf ◽  
N.S. Talekar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractDelta and wing traps baited with synthetic female sex pheromone of Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée were found to catch and retain ten times more moths than either Spodoptera or uni-trap designs. Locally-produced water and funnel traps were as effective as delta traps, although ‘windows’ cut in the side panels of delta traps significantly increased trap catch from 0.4 to 2.3 moths per trap per night. Trap catch was found to be proportional to the radius of sticky disc traps in the range 5–20 cm radius, discs with a 2.5 cm radius caught no moths. Wing traps placed at crop height caught significantly more moths than traps placed 0.5 m above or below the crop canopy. Replicated integrated pest management (IPM) trials (3 × 0.5 ha per treatment) were conducted in farmers fields with young and mature eggplant crops. Farmers applied insecticides at least three times a week in all check and IPM plots. In addition pheromone traps were placed out at a density of 100 per ha and infested shoots removed weekly in the 0.5 ha IPM plots. Pheromone trap catches were reduced significantly from 2.0 to 0.4 moths per trap per night respectively in check and IPM plots in a young crop and 1.1 to 0.3 moths per trap per night in check and IPM plots respectively in a mature crop. Fruit damage was significantly reduced from an average of 41.8% and 51.2% in check plots of young and mature crops respectively to 22% and 26.4 respectively in the associated IPM plots. Significant differences in pheromone trap catches and fruit damage were attained four and two weeks respectively after IPM treatments began in the mature crop whereas in the immature crop significant differences were not observed for the first eight to nine weeks respectively. The relative impact of removing infested shoots and mass trapping on L. orbonalis larval populations was not established in these trials but in both cases there was an estimated increase of approximately 50% in marketable fruit obtained by the combination of control techniques compared to insecticide treatment alone.

Developing techniques for monitoring forest tent caterpillar populations using synthetic pheromones

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Christian Schmidt ◽  
Jens Roland
Keyword(s):  
Malacosoma Disstria ◽  
Forest Tent Caterpillar ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Trap Design ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Rubber Septa ◽  
Detectable Difference ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Tent Caterpillar

AbstractTo effectively monitor forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria Hübner (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), populations using sex pheromone baited traps, we field-tested pheromone dispenser (lure) type, lure age, and trap design using (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienal:(Z,Z)-5,7-dodecadienal (100:1). Rubber septa lures, polyurethane lures, and two trap types [sticky-type pheromone traps (Wing Trap I) and bucket-type pheromone traps (Universal Moth trap)] were evaluated. Traps baited with polyurethane lures produced higher trap catches and lower zero-catch frequencies than did rubber septa traps. There was no detectable difference in trap catch among polyurethane lures aged 0–28 days. Wing traps reached a functional saturation point in outbreak M. disstria populations and caught fewer moths than Universal traps in nonoutbreak populations. A nonsaturating trap such as the Universal trap in conjunction with the polyurethane lure should be effective for monitoring M. disstria populations.

LINEATIN ENANTIOMER PREFERENCE, FLIGHT PERIODS, AND EFFECT OF PHEROMONE CONCENTRATION AND TRAP LENGTH ON THREE SYMPATRIC SPECIES OF TRYPODENDRON (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

2000 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Lindgren ◽  
S.E.R. Hoover ◽  
A.M. MacIsaac ◽  
C.I. Keeling ◽  
K.N. Slessor
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pheromone Concentration

AbstractThe effects of lineatin enantiomer ratios, lineatin release rate, and trap length on catches and the flight periods of three sympatric species of Trypodendron Stephens were investigated in field bioassays using multiple-funnel traps. The ambrosia beetle, Trypodendron betulae Swaine, was caught in similar numbers in baited traps and blank control traps, showing that this species does not respond to lineatin. Our results confirmed that Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier) is attracted only to (+)-lineatin. Trypodendron rufitarsus (Kirby) and Trypodendron retusum (LeConte) were shown to utilize lineatin and like T. lineatum were caught only when (+)-lineatin was present. These results indicate that lineatin does not govern reproductive isolation among these three species. There was no effect by (+)-lineatin release rate within the range tested. The flight of T. rufitarsus commenced earlier and ceased before the peak of the T. lineatum flight, suggesting that temporal separation may be an important component of reproductive isolation between these two species. The flight period of T. retusum was similar to that of T. lineatum. Host odours may aid in reproductive isolation of these two species. Enantiomer blend did not significantly affect sex ratio in any species; however, sex ratio differed among species, indicating that different species responded differently to the traps or that natural sex ratios differ. Catches of T. rufitarsus and T. retusum increased with trap length when pheromone release per trap was held constant and when release was held constant relative to trap length. Trap length and release rate did not affect sex ratio.

The influence of behaviour modifying chemicals on mating success of the red bollworm Diparopsis castanea Hmps. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in Malawi

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Cotton Field ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe synthetic sex pheromone (dicastalure) of the red bollworm of cotton, Diparopsis castanea Hmps., in Central and Southern Africa, and an inhibitor of male sexual attraction (trans-9-dodecenyl acetate,=IIA), were used in an enclosed 0·2 ha cotton field-cage to reduce successful female matings. Over one month dicastalure at 21·0 and 42·3 g/ha produced average reductions in mating of 47·9% and 72·5% respectively and 37·9 g IIA/ha produced an overall reduction in mating of 71·5%, or 79·5% in released moth populations, over the same period. The proportion of virgin females present in disruption situations was significantly greater than in untreated populations and was density-independent for moth populations of up to 2 200/ha. The proportion of fertile eggs in disruption situations was correspondingly reduced to 30·2% from an average of 67·9% in control cycles. Reduction in sex pheromone trap catches is an unsatisfactory indicator of the extent to which males are prevented from inseminating females and considerably over-estimates the true degree of disruption. This is the first time that a naturally occurring inhibitor has been used successfully to disrupt mating in a field population of insects and it indicates the potential of the method for the control of high density pest populations in cotton. However, use of polyethylene dispensing mechanisms similar to those used in the field-cage disruption experiments would be unsuitable as a practical method of dispensing behaviour modifying chemicals and it is suggested that, for suitably controlled release of such chemicals, currently available microencapsulation technology offers the best prospects.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pheromone Lure as Mass-Trapping Tools for Western Flower Thrips

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Dafina COVACI ◽  
Ion OLTEAN ◽  
Aurelia POP
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Headspace Volatiles ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Sternal Glands ◽  
Greenhouse Cucumber

Frankliniella occidentalis  (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) adult male has sternal glands whose role is to produce pheromones. It is known that there are two major components in the headspace volatiles of thrips adult male that are not present in the headspace volatiles of adult female. Those components, (R)-lavandulyl acetate and neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate were synthesized for the first time in Romania by "Raluca Ripan" Institute for Research in Chemistry (Cluj-Napoca). We have tested a blend of those in the greenhouse cucumber ( Cucumis sativum ) crops of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine. Period study lasted in 4 weeks. Blue sticky traps were coated with insect glue on both surfaces and a rubber septum which contained the blend was attached in the center of a side of a trap. Two traps with pheromone lure and one trap without pheromone lure were hung up to a 20 cm distance from the tip of the plant. Both female and males were trapped. We observed a higher percentage of males on pheromone trap. Our data revealed that the total number of western flower thrips caught on pheromone traps ranged between 1537 and 1941 as compared with the total number of thrips caught on control trap (1333). According to our results we conclude that pheromone traps could be effective tools for F. occidentalis mass trapping and for the use in integrated pest management strategies.

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