Investigation of the life history and infestation of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on four different hosts

2019 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Maryam Atapour ◽  
Shiva Osouli
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Immature Stage ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Phyllocnistis Citrella ◽  
Citrus Leafminer ◽  
Valencia Orange ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
History Of

AbstractPhyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), also known as the citrus leafminer, is a serious pest in Citrus Linnaeus (Rutaceae) nurseries in Iran. Few studies have been performed on the life history of this pest on different citrus hosts. In this work, the infestation rate and biological aspects of P. citrella were investigated using four citrus hosts: Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis (Linnaeus) Osbeck), trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (Linnaeus) Rafinesque), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfadyen), and sweet lemon (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle). Moths preferred laying eggs on leaves with a width ranging from 1–2 cm, and the highest oviposition was observed on the Valencia orange (51.2 eggs/female). The numbers of pupae and infested leaves were significantly higher on C. sinensis and C. aurantifolia. The entire developmental period of the immature stages was 13.8 and 15.4 days in C. aurantifolia and C. sinensis, respectively, while it increased to 21.8 and 24.7 days in C. paradisi and P. trifoliata. The rate of mortality of the immature stage was the highest in these two latter hosts as well (29–31%). Moths showed the highest emergence and longevity on C. sinensis and C. aurantifolia. The results indicate that C. sinensis and C. aurantifolia are susceptible hosts that can be recommended for the mass-rearing of this species in non-chemical pest control programmes.

Temperature-dependent life history of Eutetranychus africanus (Acari: Tetranychidae) on papaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-490
Author(s):  
Ming-ying Lin ◽  
Chin-hsing Lin ◽  
Yen-po Lin ◽  
Ching-tzu Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Immature Stage ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Developmental Duration ◽  
Developmental Threshold ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
History Of ◽  
Net Reproduction

This study was conducted to further understand the biology of Eutetranychus africanus Tucker, a newly invasive pest mite in Taiwan that can cause serious damage to papaya. We report the life history of E. africanus on papaya in laboratory conditions at 12, 17, 22, 27 and 32 ± 0.5 °C, with 70 ± 5 % relative humidity and a photoperiod of L12: D12. Eggs did not hatch at 12 °C. Both developmental duration and longevity were significantly shortened with the increase of temperature. The longest and shortest developmental durations of the immature stage were 37.28 days at 17 °C and 8.70 days at 32 °C, respectively. The longevity of both sexes varied similarly with the change in temperature, with shorter lifespan in males: Females survived for 3.64 days (shortest) at 32 °C to 17.50 days (longest) at 17 °C, whereas males survived for 11.00 days (longest) at 17 °C to 2.57 days (shortest) at 32 °C. The differences in fecundity were significant among all tested temperatures, with 17.61 eggs/female at 27 °C being the highest. The low developmental threshold and thermal summation of the full immature stage were 11.48 °C and 163.93 degree-days, respectively. In two-sex life table analysis, population parameters were significantly affected by temperature except the net reproduction rate. The highest intrinsic rate of increase was 0.1221 day−1 at 27 °C; the average generation time was the shortest (12.61 days) at 32 °C and the longest (48.70 days) at 17 °C. The highest net reproduction rate was 5.06 eggs/female at 27 °C. This report contributes background knowledge to the management of the damage caused by E. africanuson papaya.This study was conducted to further understand the biology of Eutetranychus africanus Tucker, a newly invasive pest mite in Taiwan that can cause serious damage to papaya. We report the life history of E. africanus on papaya in laboratory conditions at 12, 17, 22, 27 and 32 ± 0.5 °C, with 70 ± 5 % relative humidity and a photoperiod of L12: D12. Eggs did not hatch at 12 °C. Both developmental duration and longevity were significantly shortened with the increase of temperature. The longest and shortest developmental durations of the immature stage were 37.28 days at 17 °C and 8.70 days at 32 °C, respectively. The longevity of both sexes varied similarly with the change in temperature, with shorter lifespan in males: Females survived for 3.64 days (shortest) at 32 °C to 17.50 days (longest) at 17 °C, whereas males survived for 11.00 days (longest) at 17 °C to 2.57 days (shortest) at 32 °C. The differences in fecundity were significant among all tested temperatures, with 17.61 eggs/female at 27 °C being the highest. The low developmental threshold and thermal summation of the full immature stage were 11.48 °C and 163.93 degree-days, respectively. In two-sex life table analysis, population parameters were significantly affected by temperature except the net reproduction rate. The highest intrinsic rate of increase was 0.1221 day−1 at 27 °C; the average generation time was the shortest (12.61 days) at 32 °C and the longest (48.70 days) at 17 °C. The highest net reproduction rate was 5.06 eggs/female at 27 °C. This report contributes background knowledge to the management of the damage caused by E. africanus on papaya.

scholarly journals Trunk Sprouting and Growth of Citrus as Affected by NAA, Aluminum Foil, and Plastic Trunk Wraps

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1612-1615
Author(s):  
Ed Stover ◽  
Scott Ciliento ◽  
Monty Myers
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Valencia Orange ◽  
Volkamer Lemon ◽  
Sprout Suppression ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo ◽  
Tree Development

In spring 1999, a commercial NAA (1-naphthaleneacetic acid) preparation for trunk sprout inhibition was compared with a corrugated plastic trunk wrap, aluminum foil wrap, bimonthly hand removal of sprouts, use of NAA preparation plus bimonthly hand removal when sprouts appeared, and a nontreated control. Three recently planted groves on three different rootstocks [`Midsweet' orange (Citrus sinensis)] on Swingle citrumelo (Citrus paradisi × Poncirus trifoliata), `Valencia' orange on Volkamer lemon (Volk, Citrus limon), and `Minneola' tangelo (Citrus paradisi × C. reticulata) on Smooth Flat Seville (SFS, Citrus hybrid) received each of the treatments in a randomized complete block experimental design with trees blocked by initial height and circumference. Every 2 months, sprouts were counted on each tree and removed from the hand removal treatments. After 1 year, all sprouts were removed and counted and height and circumference of trees was determined. Across all experiments, 82% to 100% of nontreated trees produced trunk sprouts and all sprout control methods significantly reduced sprouts per tree. NAA treatments were never significantly less effective at sprout suppression than the wraps at the P = 0.05 level, although in two experiments, wraps were more effective than NAA at P = 0.10. Time of sprout appearance varied between the three experimental blocks. Plastic and foil trunk wraps enhanced development of trunk circumference compared with nontreated controls in `Midsweet'/Swingle and `Valencia'/Volk. Greater trunk circumference resulted from use of wraps versus NAA in all three experiments, which appeared unrelated to differential sprout suppression. In these experiments, it appears that either wraps enhanced tree development beyond the suppression of sprouts or NAA influence on tree metabolism somewhat reduced trunk growth. The economics of the sprout suppression methods are also discussed.

scholarly journals INJURY TO 27 CITRUS CULTIVARS ON 22 ROOTSTOCKS AT ONE-YEAR-OLD EXPERIENCING MINIMUM TEMPERATURE OF -4.4C

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1137b-1137
Author(s):  
Robert E. Rouse ◽  
David P. H. Tucker ◽  
Edgar D. Holcomb
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
Valencia Orange ◽  
One Year ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin ◽  
Scion Cultivar

Evaluation ratings of cold injury following a freeze on December 24 & 25, 1989, showed differences among scion cultivars and rootstock. `Star Ruby' grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) and `Fallglo' citrus hybrid, a cross of Bower mandarin citrus hybrid × Temple tangor (C. temple Hort. ex Y. Tanaka) were the most severely damaged scion cultivars. `Rohde Red' valencia orange selection 472-11-43. [C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck]. was the least damaged scion cultivar. Scions budded to Cleopatra mandarin (C. reshni Hort. ex Tan.) and FL 80-18 citrumelo [C. paradisi × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] rootstock were damaged more than on other rootstock. Scions budded to smooth flat seville (C. aurantium?) and P. trifoliata × Ridge pineapple sweet orange selection 1573-26 [C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck] had the least injury. Analysis comparing replications showed the greatest damage to be in the north side of the planting.

Experimental life history of Echinostoma cinetorchis

1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H Lee ◽  
J Y Chai ◽  
S T Hong ◽  
W M Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
History Of
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document